Development of hydro-distillation extraction and macroporous resin enrichment method for GC-MS chemical profiling of volatile components in the dried root of Fisch.

The dried root of Fisch. has an intensive flavour, which suggests the presence of volatile compounds. Thus, this study aimed to develop an effective extraction method for GC-MS profiling of volatile compounds of .

Prompting CO Electroreduction to Ethanol by Iron Group Metal Ion Dopants Induced Multi-sites at the Interface of SnSe/SnSe p-n Heterojunction.

The development of non-copper-based materials for CO electroreduction to ethanol with high selectivity at large current density is highly desirable, but still a great challenge. Herein, we report iron group metal ions of M (M=Fe, Co, or Ni)-doped amorphous/crystalline SnSe/SnSe nanorod/nanosheet hierarchical structures (a/c-SnSe/SnSe) for selective CO electroreduction to ethanol. Iron group metal ions doping induces multiple active sites at the interface of M-doped SnSe/SnSe p-n heterojunction, which strengthens *CO intermediate binding for further C-C coupling to eventual ethanol generation.

Development and Validation of a Comprehensive Prognostic and Depression Risk Index for Gastric Adenocarcinoma.

Depressive disorder contributes to the initiation and prognosis of patients with cancer, but the interaction between cancer and depressive disorder remains unclear. We generated a gastric adenocarcinoma patient-derived xenograft mice model, treated with chronic unpredictable mild stimulation. Based on the RNA-sequence from the mouse model, patient data from TCGA, and MDD-related (major depressive disorder) genes from the GEO database, 56 hub genes were identified by the intersection of differential expression genes from the three datasets.

Prediction of Drug-Induced Liver Injury: From Molecular Physicochemical Properties and Scaffold Architectures to Machine Learning Approaches.

The process of developing new drugs is widely acknowledged as being time-intensive and requiring substantial financial investment. Despite ongoing efforts to reduce time and expenses in drug development, ensuring medication safety remains an urgent problem. One of the major problems involved in drug development is hepatotoxicity, specifically known as drug-induced liver injury (DILI).

Enhancing CO Tolerance in PEMFC Anodes via Thermal Oxidation Induced RuO Blocking Shell on a PtRu/C Catalyst.

CO poisoning in Pt-based anode catalysts significantly hampers the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) performance. Despite great advances in CO-tolerant catalysts, their effectiveness is often limited to fundamental three-electrode systems, which is inadequate for practical PEMFC applications. Herein, we present a straightforward thermal oxidation strategy for constructing a Ru oxide blocking layer on commercial PtRu/C through a one-step Ru-segregation-and-oxidation process.

Biomimetic Phthalocyanine-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks with Tunable Pendant Groups for Electrocatalytic CO Reduction.

Electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CORR) is an effective way of converting CO into value-added products using renewable energy, whose activity and selectivity can be in principle maneuvered by tuning the microenvironment near catalytic sites. Here, we demonstrate a strategy for tuning the microenvironment of CORR by learning from the natural chlorophyll and heme. Specifically, the conductive covalent organic frameworks (COFs) linked by piperazine serve as versatile supports for single-atom catalysts (SACs), and the pendant groups modified on the COFs can be readily tailored to offer different push-pull electronic effects for tunable microenvironment.

Modulating the Active Sites of VS by Mn Doping for Highly Selective CO Electroreduction to Methanol in a Flow Cell.

Methanol is a valuable liquid C product in CO electroreduction (COER); however, it is hard to achieve high selectivity and a large current density simultaneously. In this work, we construct Mn-doped VS multilayer nanowafers applied in a flow cell to yield methanol as a single liquid product to tackle this challenge. Mn doping adjusts the electronic structure of VS and concurrently introduces sulfur vacancies, forming a critical *CO intermediate and facilitating its sequential hydrogenation to methanol.

Recent advances in the development of P2YR inhibitors: a patent and literature review (2018-present).

Introduction: The P2Y receptor (P2YR), a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family, is activated by extracellular nucleotides. Due to its involvement in inflammatory, immunological and other associated processes, P2YR has emerged as a promising therapeutic target. Despite lacking a determined three-dimensional crystal structure, the homology modeling technique based on closely related P2Y receptors' crystallography has been extensively utilized for developing active compounds targeting P2YR.

Mo-Doped CuS Nanosheet-Assembled Hollow Spheres for CO Electroreduction to Ethanol in a Flow Cell.

Electrocatalytic CO reduction reaction (CORR) to ethanol has been widely researched for potential commercial application. However, it still faces limited selectivity at a large current density. Herein, Mo-doped CuS nanosheet-assembled hollow spheres are constructed to address this issue.

Mesoporous Mo-doped PtBi intermetallic metallene superstructures to enable the complete electrooxidation of ethylene glycol.

Metallenes, intermetallic compounds, and porous nanocrystals are the three types of most promising advanced nanomaterials for practical fuel cell devices, but how to integrate the three structural features into a single nanocrystal remains a huge challenge. Herein, we report an efficient one-step method to construct freestanding mesoporous Mo-doped PtBi intermetallic metallene superstructures (denoted M-PtBiMo IMSs) as highly active and stable ethylene glycol oxidation reaction (EGOR) catalysts. The materials retained their catalytic performance, even in complex direct ethylene glycol fuel cells (DEGFCs).

Targeting P2YR protects against necroptosis of intestinal epithelial cells through PKA/CREB/RIPK1 axis in ulcerative colitis.

Purinergic signaling plays a causal role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Among purinoceptors, only P2YR is positively correlated with inflammatory score in mucosal biopsies of ulcerative colitis patients, nevertheless, the role of P2YR in ulcerative colitis remains unclear. Here, based on the over-expressions of P2YR in the intestinal epithelium of mice with experimental colitis, we find that male mice lacking P2YR in intestinal epithelial cells exhibit less intestinal injury induced by dextran sulfate sodium.

Predicting Diagnostic Biomarkers Associated with Pyroptosis in Neuropathic Pain Based on Machine Learning and Experimental Validation.

Purpose: Previous studies have shown that pyroptosis plays a vital role in the progress of neuropathic pain (NP), but the molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to identify crucial pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) in NP.

Methods: We identified pyroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (PRDEGs) in NP by machine learning analysis of the GSE24982 and GSE60670 datasets.

Subtle structural alteration in indisulam switches the molecular mechanisms for the inhibitory effect on the migration of gastric cancer cells.

Gastric cancer is a highly metastatic malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality globally. Recent studies reported that sulfonamide derivatives such as indisulam exhibited inhibitory effects on the viability and migration of cancer cells. However, multiple clinical trials revealed that indisulam did not significantly prevent cancer progression due to metastasis and drug resistance.

Fe,Co co-implanted dendritic CeO/CeF heterostructure@MXene nanocomposites as structurally stable electrocatalysts with ultralow overpotential for the alkaline oxygen evolution reaction.

Exploring low-cost, high-activity, and structurally stable nonprecious metal electrocatalysts for sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is paramount for water electrolysis. Herein, we successfully prepare a novel Fe,Co-CeO/CeF@MXene heterostructure with Fe-Co dual active sites and oxygen vacancies for alkaline OER using an energy-free consumption co-deposition method. Impressively, Fe,Co-CeO/CeF@MXene achieves an ultralow overpotential of 192 mV and a long-term stability of 110 h at 10 mA cm without structural changes, thereby outperforming the commercial IrO (345 mV).

：A retrospective study.

Background: It is widely acknowledged that botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) has been widely used in the treatment of hemifacial spasm (HFS). However, there is currently a lack of systematic analysis of the factors affecting its therapeutic effect. Therefore, this study aims to explore the influencing factors of BTX-A in the treatment of HFS and to identify risk factors for poor prognosis.

Incentive mechanism for sharing and using EHR in medical consortiums based on performance evaluation.

Background: The construction of medical consortiums not only promotes active cooperation among hospitals, but also further intensifies active competition among them. The shared use of electronic health records (EHR) breaks the original pattern of benefit distribution among hospitals.

Objective: The purpose of this paper is to establish an incentive mechanism for the shared use EHR, and to reveal the incentive effect and mechanism of key factors, and to put forward management suggestions for solving the real conflicts.

Interaction between diabetes and body mass index on severe headache or migraine in adults: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Research on the effects of body mass index (BMI) on severe headache or migraine is limited and controversial. The aim of this study was to explore the association between BMI and the prevalence of migraine, with particular interest in diabetes status difference.

Methods: The present study used analyzed data from people who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 1999 and 2004.

Identification of Spiro[chromene-2,4'-piperidine]s as Potent, Selective, and G-Biased 5-HT Receptor Partial Agonists.

A series of spiropiperidines was designed and synthesized by structural modifications based on our previous lead compound and evaluated with cellular signaling assays for the discovery of 5-HT receptor (5-HTR) selective agonists with a G bias. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of spiropiperidines uncovered spiro[chromene-2,4'-piperidine]s as a novel chemotype of 5-HTR selective agonists. Among this new series, the 7-chloro analogue was identified as the most potent and selective 5-HTR partial agonist ( = 71.

Construction of a depression risk prediction model for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients based on NHANES 2007-2014.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent global health issue that has been linked to an increased risk of depression. The objective of this study was to construct a nomogram model for predicting depression in T2DM patients.

Methods: A total of 4280 patients with T2DM were included in this study from the 2007-2014 NHANES.

Design and Characterization of a Novel eEF2K Degrader with Potent Therapeutic Efficacy Against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Dysregulated eEF2K expression is implicated in the pathogenesis of many human cancers, including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), making it a plausible therapeutic target. However, specific eEF2K inhibitors with potent anti-cancer activity have not been available so far. Targeted protein degradation has emerged as a new strategy for drug discovery.

Delayed Leaf Senescence Improves Radiation Use Efficiency and Explains Yield Advantage of Large Panicle-Type Hybrid Rice.

Super hybrid rice with predominantly large panicle types has achieved remarkable success in enhancing crop yield. However, when compared with multi-panicle-type varieties, the yield stability of large panicle-type varieties remains a challenge, and limited information is available on the comparative advantages of multi-panicle types. Consequently, a two-year experiment was conducted to evaluate the grain yield, biomass production, leaf area index (LAI), and radiation use efficiency (RUE) of large panicle-type hybrid rice (Y-liangyou 900, YLY900) and multi-panicle-type hybrid rice (C-liangyouhuazhan, CLYHZ) under three nitrogen (N) treatments (0, 180, 270 kg N ha).

Vitamin B and folate intake are associated with lower risk of severe headache or migraine in adults: An analysis based on NHANES 1999-2004.

Previous studies have shown that B vitamins can relieve migraine. However, the association between vitamin B and folate, 2 important B vitamins consumed in the diet, with migraine have received minimal attention. This study explored the independent relationships between dietary vitamin B and folate intake with migraine and the interaction effect of these 2 nutrients on migraine in US adults.