Thiol Groups Reutilization on Chemical Bath Deposited Tin Oxide Surface Achieving Interface Anchoring and Defects Passivation for Enhancing the Performance and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells.

Due to its simple process and adaptability to large-area deposition, chemical bath deposition (CBD) is one of the preparation methods for the SnO layer in highly efficient "n-i-p" structured perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the residual thioglycolic acid (TGA) on the CBD-SnO surface affects the stability of PSCs and the carrier transport at the CBD-SnO/perovskite interface, hindering the further development of this method. This work demonstrates a method for the reutilization of surface groups to construct molecular bridges.

Tailoring Multifunctional Amine Salts Based on Anisole Liquid Soaking for Fabricating Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells.

The post-treatment based on spin-coating (SC) organic amine salts is commonly used for surface modification of perovskite films to eliminate defects. However, there is still a lack of systematic study and a unified understanding of the functions and mechanisms of different organic amine salts. The SC method is also not conducive to the industrialization of solar cells.

AGTR1: a potential biomarker associated with the occurrence and prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: Lung adenocarcinoma, a disease with complex pathogenesis, high mortality and poor prognosis, is one of the subtypes of lung cancer. Hence, it is very crucial to find novel biomarkers as diagnostic and therapeutic targets for LUAD.

Methods: GSE10072 was used for DEGs and WGCNA, and the intersection genes were subjected to enrichment analysis through Metascape and GSEA.

SPECT/CT imaging of poor sleep quality in people with epilepsy.

Purpose: To analyze the characteristics of cerebral blood flow changes of poor sleep quality in people with epilepsy(PWE).

Methods: 90 PWE treated in The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from December 2021 to September 2023 were divided into poor sleep quality group (PSQG) and good sleep quality group (GSQG) according to the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (CPSQI), to compare the differences in cerebral perfusion between the two groups of patients, so as to summarize the characteristics of cerebral blood flow changes of poor sleep quality in PWE.

Results: The positive rate of interictal single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) was 76.

Reducing the Energy Consumption during Microwave Drying of Coal Slime Dough by Optimizing Parameters: Experiment and Modeling.

Reducing the energy consumption in microwave drying processes is essential for the sustainable management of coal slime. Utilizing a self-constructed microwave thermogravimetric apparatus, the research investigates critical parameters, including microwave power, spherical diameter, and granule size, affecting drying kinetics and energy efficiency. The results show that it was observed that the drying process progresses through three distinct stages, marked by variations in temperature and moisture content: the initial warming phase, a steady drying stage, and a final phase where the drying rate decreases; optimal pellet sizes for efficient moisture evaporation and diffusion were identified, with smaller particles enhancing heat transfer and drying efficiency; and the Nadhari model was determined to best represent the drying kinetics of coal slime under microwave radiation.

Prediction of arsenic and fluoride in groundwater of the North China Plain using enhanced stacking ensemble learning.

Chronic exposure to elevated geogenic arsenic (As) and fluoride (F) concentrations in groundwater poses a significant global health risk. In regions around the world where regular groundwater quality assessments are limited, the presence of harmful levels of As and F in shallow groundwater extracted from specific wells remains uncertain. This study utilized an enhanced stacking ensemble learning model to predict the distributions of As and F in shallow groundwater based on 4,393 available datasets of observed concentrations and forty relevant environmental factors.

Evaporated Nickel Oxide Films with Slow Annealing and Interface Modification for Perovskite Solar Cells.

Electron-beam-evaporated nickel oxide (NiO) films are known for their high quality, precise control, and suitability for complex structures in perovskite (PVK) solar cells (PSCs). However, untreated NiO films have inherent challenges, such as surface defects, relatively low intrinsic conductivity, and shallow valence band maximum, which seriously restrict the efficiency and stability of the devices. To address these challenges, we employ a dual coordination optimization strategy.

Efficient and Stable CuSCN-based Perovskite Solar Cells Achieved by Interfacial Engineering with Amidinothiourea.

Cuprous thiocyanate (CuSCN) emerges as a prime candidate among inorganic hole-transport materials, particularly suitable for the fabrication of perovskite solar cells. Nonetheless, there is an Ohmic contact degradation between the perovskite and CuSCN layers. This is induced by polar solvents and undesired purities, which reduce device efficiency and operational stability.

Integrated analyses for identification of a three-gene signature associated with Chaihu Shugan San formula for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment.

Chaihu Shugan San (CSS) is a well-known traditional herbal formula that has the potential to ameliorate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, its mechanism of action remains unknown. Here, we identified the key targets of CSS against HCC and developed a prognostic model to predict the survival of patients with HCC. The effect of CSS plus sorafenib on HCC cell proliferation was evaluated using the MTT assay.

Simulation and Experimental Study on the Effect of Superheat on Solidification Microstructure Evolution of Billet in Continuous Casting.

The control of the solidification structure of a casting billet is directly correlated with the quality of steel. Variations in superheat can influence the transition from columnar crystals to equiaxed crystals during the solidification process, subsequently impacting the final solidification structure of the billet. In this study, a model of microstructure evolution during billet solidification was established by combining simulation and experiment, and the dendrite growth microstructure evolution during billet solidification under different superheat was studied.

Effects of clinical nursing pathway on postoperative satisfaction and quality of life of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objective: To explore the effects of clinical nursing pathway (CNP) on the postoperative satisfaction and quality of life (QOL) of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

Methods: This is a retrospective study. Eighty patients with SAH admitted to Baoding No.

Interface Defects Dependent on Perovskite Annealing Temperature for NiO-Based Inverted CsPbIBr Perovskite Solar Cells.

Nickel oxide (NiO) is an ideal inorganic hole transport material for the fabrication of inverted perovskite solar cells owing to its excellent optical and semiconductor properties. Currently, the main research on developing the performance of NiO-based perovskite solar cells focuses on improving the conductivity of NiO thin films and preventing the redox reactions between metal cations (Ni on the surface of NiO) and organic cations (FA or MA in the perovskite precursors) at the NiO/perovskite interface. In this study, a new type of interface defects in NiO-based CsPbIBr solar cells is reported.

SnO-Perovskite Interface Engineering Based on Bifacial Passivation via Multifunctional -(2-Acetamido)-2-aminoethanesulfonic Acid toward Efficient and Stable Solar Cells.

Bifacial passivation on both electron transport materials and perovskite light-absorbing layers as a straightforward technique is used for gaining efficient and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). To develop this strategy, organic molecules containing multiple functional groups can maximize the effect of defect suppression. Based on this, we introduce -(2-acetamido)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid (ACES) at the interface between tin oxide (SnO) and perovskite.

Assessment of aquifer specific vulnerability to total nitrate contamination using ensemble learning and geochemical evidence.

Henan Province's plain area is the granary of China, yet its regional aquifer is being polluted by industrial wastewater, agricultural pesticide, fertilizer and domestic wastewater. In order to safeguard the security of food and drinking water, and in response to the problem of low prediction accuracy caused by the lack of samples and unevenly distributed groundwater monitoring data, we propose a new way to predict the aquifer vulnerability in large areas by rich small-scale data, so as to identify the pollution risks and to address the issue of sample shortage. In small regions with abundant nitrate data, we employed a Random Forest model to screen key impact indicators, using them as features and nitrate-N concentration as the target variable.

Simulation Study on the Influence of Different Molten Steel Temperatures on Inclusion Distribution under Dual-Channel Induction-Heating Conditions.

Impurity elimination in tundishes is an essential metallurgical function in continuous casting. If inclusions in a tundish cannot be effectively removed, their presence will have a serious impact on the quality of the bloom. As a result, this research investigates the locations of inclusion particles in a six-strand induction-heating tundish in depth, combining the flow, temperature, and inclusion trajectories of molten steel under electromagnetic fields.

Numerical and Experimental Study on Carbon Segregation in Shaped Billet of Medium Carbon Steel with Combined Electromagnetic Stirring.

Carbon segregation is the major and classical internal defect in the continuous casting process of carbon steel. Based on the combined electromagnetic stirring equipment for new billet in a steel plant, China, the influence of combined electromagnetic stirring (M-EMS + F-EMS) on the carbon segregation of 300 mm × 340 mm special-shaped billet was studied via numerical simulation and on-site industrialization tests. The Lorentz force and carbon solute distribution were simulated under different EMS parameters.

Remediation of aniline-contaminated aquifer by combining in-well Rhizobium borbori and circulated groundwater electrolysis.

Aniline has become a common groundwater contaminant due to its wide use as a raw material in agriculture and pharmaceutical products. The current technologies for in situ remediation of aniline in groundwater are limited by the strains deficient in bacterial species, limited oxygen supply, excessive waste gas load and cost. Accordingly, we conducted a laboratory sand tank experiment to remediate groundwater contaminated with aniline by combining circulated groundwater electrolysis and in-well Rhizobium borbori, which was isolated from activated sludge.

Effects of Butylphthalide Combined with Fasudil on Inflammatory Factors, Cognitive Function and Vascular Endothelial Function in Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Complicated with Cerebral Vasospasm.

Objective: To investigate the effect of butylphthalide combined with fasudil in the treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) with cerebral vasospasm (CVS) on inflammatory factors, cognitive function and vascular endothelial function.

Methods: It is a retrospective study in which a total of 104 patients with SAH with CVS admitted to Baoding First Central Hospital from July 2020 to February 2022 were selected and randomly divided into two groups by drawing lots. Patients in the control group were treated with basic symptomatic treatment, while those in the observation group were treated with butylphthalide soft capsule combined with fasudil hydrochloride injection on the basis of the control group.

Circ_0021350 plays an oncogene role by regulating miR-1207-3p/PIK3R3 in glioblastoma.

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant glioma, with poor survival rates and prognosis. Several studies have reported the abnormal expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs) and their functions in the malignant biological behavior of GBM. However, such research is still in the preliminary stages, and further study is needed to confirm the therapeutic potential of circRNAs in GBM.

Numerical and Experimental Study on Carbon Segregation in Square Billet Continuous Casting with M-EMS.

Electromagnetic stirring (M-EMS) has been extensively applied in continuous casting production to reduce the quality defects of casting billets. To investigate the effect of continuous casting electromagnetic stirring on billet segregation, a 3D multi-physics coupling model was established to simulate the internal heat, momentum, and solute transfer behavior, to identify the effect of M-EMS on the carbon segregation of a continuous casting square billet of 200 mm × 200 mm. The results show that M-EMS can move the high-temperature zone upward, which is favorable for the rapid solidification of the billet, and can promote the rotational flow of the molten steel in the horizontal direction.

The Removal of Inclusions with Different Diameters in Tundish by Channel Induction Heating: A Numerical Simulation Study.

The quality of the bloom will be impacted by the non-metallic impurities in the molten steel in the tundish, which will reduce the plasticity and fatigue life of the steel. In this research, a mathematical model of a six-flow double-channel T-shaped induction heating tundish was established, the effects of induction heating conditions on the removal of inclusions in the tundish were investigated, and the impact of various inclusion particle sizes on the removal effect of inclusions under induction heating was explored. The results show that the Residence Time Distribution (RTD) curve produced through numerical simulation and physical simulation is in good agreement.

The evaluation of six genes combined value in glioma diagnosis and prognosis.

Purpose: Glioma is the most common and fatal type of brain tumour. Owing to its aggressiveness and lethality, early diagnosis and prediction of patient survival are very important. This study aimed to identify key genes and biomarkers for glioma that can guide clinicians in making rapid diagnosis and prognostication.

Visual analysis based on CiteSpace software: a bibliometric study of atrial myxoma.

Objective: To use CiteSpace and VOSviewer visual metrology to analyze the research status, frontier hotspots, and trends in research on atrial myxoma.

Methods: The Web of Science core collection database was used to retrieve relevant literature on atrial myxoma from 2001 to 2022. CiteSpace software was used to analyze keywords with a co-occurrence network, co-polymerization class, and burst terms, and a corresponding visual atlas was drawn for analysis.

Neurocomputational mechanisms underlying fear-biased adaptation learning in changing environments.

Humans are able to adapt to the fast-changing world by estimating statistical regularities of the environment. Although fear can profoundly impact adaptive behaviors, the computational and neural mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain elusive. Here, we conducted a behavioral experiment (n = 21) and a functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment (n = 37) with a novel cue-biased adaptation learning task, during which we simultaneously manipulated emotional valence (fearful/neutral expressions of the cue) and environmental volatility (frequent/infrequent reversals of reward probabilities).