Publications by authors named "Tian Mao"

We aim to investigate muscle ARNT-like protein 1 (BMAL1) regulation of syntaxin17 (STX17) in mouse hippocampal neurons, focusing on autophagy and amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition. Autophagosome-lysosome fusion in APP/PS1 hippocampal tissues was observed using transmission electron microscopy, while mRNA levels of LC3II and P62 were measured via reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) after Amyloid precursor protein (APP) overexpression. STX17, linked to autophagy and differentially expressed in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains, was knocked down or overexpressed to assess its effects.

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Background And Objective: The etiology of prostate cancer (PC) is multifactorial and poorly understood. It has been suggested that colibactin-producing Escherichia coli positive for the pathogenicity island pks (pks) initiate cancers via induction of genomic instability. In PC, androgens promote oncogenic translocations.

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There are myriad types of biomedical data-molecular, clinical images, and others. When a group of patients with the same underlying disease exhibits similarities across multiple types of data, this is called a subtype. Existing subtyping approaches struggle to handle diverse data types with missing information.

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Article Synopsis
  • Advances in DNA sequencing technology have made it faster and more affordable, leading to improved data availability and the need for complex algorithms and workflows.
  • Metapipeline-DNA is a customizable and flexible analysis pipeline that handles various processing tasks like read alignment, variant calling, and quality control, making it easier to analyze DNA sequencing data.
  • This open-source tool is available under the GPLv2 license and can be accessed for free at https://github.com/uclahs-cds/metapipeline-DNA.
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Background: Localized prostate tumors show significant spatial heterogeneity, with regions of high-grade disease adjacent to lower grade disease. Consequently, prostate cancer biopsies are prone to sampling bias, potentially leading to underestimation of tumor grade. To study the clinical, epidemiologic, and molecular hallmarks of this phenomenon, we conducted a prospective study of grade upgrading: differences in detected prostate cancer grade between biopsy and surgery.

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The widespread utilization of traditional chemical pesticides has given rise to numerous negative impacts, leading to a surge in interest in exploring environmentally friendly alternatives. (Bt), a bacterium renowned for its insecticidal properties, produces proteins during its lifecycle. These proteins have distinct advantages over traditional chemical pesticides, including higher environmental safety, broader insecticidal spectra, and lower pesticide residues.

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Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) can cause a range of cauda equina symptoms, including lower back and leg pain, numbness, and intermittent claudication. This disease affects approximately 103 million people worldwide, particularly the elderly, and can seriously compromise their health and well-being. Ligamentum flavum hypertrophy (LFH) is one of the main contributing factors to this disease.

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Autophagy is a critical player in lumbar intervertebral disk degeneration (IDD), and autophagy activation has been suggested to prevent the apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). Myricetin has anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant potentials and can activate autophagy. Thus, this study focused on the roles and mechanisms of myricetin in IDD.

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The phenomenon of glacial freezing and thawing involves microbial sequestration, release, and colonization, which has the potential to impact ecosystem functioning through changes in microbial diversity and interactions. In this study, we examined the structural features of microbial communities of the Dongkemadi glacier, including bacteria, fungi, and archaea, in four distinct glacial environments (snow, ice, meltwater, and frontier soil). The sequestration, release, and colonization of glacial microbes have been found to significantly impact the diversity and structure of glacial microbial communities, as well as the complexity of microbial networks.

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Repeated sevoflurane exposure in neonatal mice can leads to neuronal apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction. The mitochondria are responsible for energy production to maintain homeostasis in the central nervous system. The mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM) is located between the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and it is critical for mitochondrial function and cell survival.

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We isolated and analyzed a novel, Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile actinobacterium, designated as strain ZFBP1038, from rock sampled on the north slope of Mount Everest. The growth requirements of this strain were 10-37 °C, pH 4-10, and 0-6% (w/v) NaCl. The sole respiratory quinone was MK-9, and the major fatty acids were anteiso-C and iso-C.

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Article Synopsis
  • Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is one of the deadliest cancers and frequently occurs alongside differentiated thyroid cancers, but its aggressive nature is not well understood.
  • Researchers analyzed tumor DNA from 329 regions of thyroid cancer, revealing that anaplastic thyroid carcinomas have more mutations and unique mutational patterns compared to other thyroid cancers.
  • The study shows that although anaplastic and differentiated thyroid carcinomas can occur in the same patient, they have different mutated genes and share a common genetic origin that allows them to develop from a similar malignant environment.
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Motivation: The ongoing expansion in the volume of biomedical data has contributed to a growing complexity in the tools and technologies used in research with an increased reliance on complex workflows written in orchestration languages such as Nextflow to integrate algorithms into processing pipelines. The growing use of workflows involving various tools and algorithms has led to increased scrutiny of software development practices to avoid errors in individual tools and in the connections between them.

Results: To facilitate test-driven development of Nextflow pipelines, we created NFTest, a framework for automated pipeline testing and validation with customizability options for Nextflow features.

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Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile bacterium strain ZFBP2030 was isolated from a rock on the North slope of Mount Everest. This strain contained a unique ubiquinone-10 (Q-10) as a predominant respiratory quinone. Among the tested fatty acids, the strain contained summed feature 8, C 2OH, and C, as major cellular fatty acids.

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Lineage transitions are a central feature of prostate development, tumourigenesis and treatment resistance. While epigenetic changes are well known to drive prostate lineage transitions, it remains unclear how upstream metabolic signalling contributes to the regulation of prostate epithelial identity. To fill this gap, we developed an approach to perform metabolomics on primary prostate epithelial cells.

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Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD) is a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder. Nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) play a significant role in the normal functioning of the IVD. Myricetin is an agent that exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in various pathological conditions.

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Evasion of antitumour immunity is a hallmark of cancer. STING, a putative innate immune signalling adaptor, has a pivotal role in mounting antitumour immunity by coordinating innate sensing and adaptive immune surveillance in myeloid cells. STING is markedly silenced in various human malignancies and acts as a cell-intrinsic tumour suppressor.

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Background: Home confinement during the epidemic has a significant impact on the lifestyle and behavior of school-aged children, who have exhibited an increase in the prevalence and development of myopia. Our research will look at if home confinement will affect school-aged children on myopia control with orthokeratology.

Method: Data on axial length was gathered from school-aged children who had received OK lenses treatment.

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Bacteria in the genus have been found in extreme environments, e.g. glaciers, brine and mural paintings.

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Objective: To describe the characterization of a novel deletion causing α-thalassemia.

Methods: The proband, a 30-year-old female, displayed mild anemia from thalassemia screening. Gap-PCR was used to detect the four common deletional α-thalassemia, and a PCR-reverse dot blot was performed for the three point mutations of the α-globin gene.

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The harsh climatic conditions of deserts may lead to unique adaptations of microbes, which could serve as potential sources of new metabolites to cope with environmental stresses. However, the mechanisms governing the environmental adaptability and antimicrobial activity of desert remain inadequate, especially in extreme temperature differences, drought conditions, and strong radiation. Here, we isolated a strain from rocks in the Kumtagh Desert in Northwest China and tested its antibacterial activity, resistance to UV-C irradiation, and tolerance to hydrogen peroxide (HO).

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Background: Hemoglobin H (Hb H) disease is a moderate-to-severe form of α-thalassemia (α-thal), and parts of patients may require intermittent transfusion therapy, especially during intercurrent illness. However, rare Hb H diseases remain undetected using routine methods being outside of the testing scope. In this study, we present an approach to detecting Hb H disease by long molecule sequencing (LMS).

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This retrospective study investigated superficial retinal vessel density (SRVLD) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in children with myopic anisometropia. We included 84 eyes of 42 individuals with myopic anisometropia and no posterior segment abnormalities. All eyes underwent OCTA.

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Objectives: To report the hematolgocial and molecular features of a nove β-globin variant in a Chinese fimaly.

Methods: The proband was a 19-year-old Chinese man whose Hb analysis by HPLC for thalassemia revealed an abnormal peak. Hb analysis was performed by HPLC and CE.

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