Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes as Nanocarriers for Treating Musculoskeletal Disorders.

Musculoskeletal disorders are a series of diseases involving bone, muscle, cartilage, and tendon, mainly caused by chronic strain, degenerative changes, and structural damage due to trauma. The disorders limit the function of patients due to pain and significantly reduce their quality of life. In recent years, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells have been extensively applied in regeneration medicine research due to their particular abilities of self-renewal, differentiation, and targeted homing and are more easily accessed compared with other sources.

Alkali-Cation-Selective Arylation Promoted by Ion Recognition of Foldamers.

To explore alkali-cation selectivity at the chemical reaction level, in this work, we for the first time focused on the different behaviors of potassium and sodium ions in intra- and intermolecular arylation. We prepared a series of aromatic foldamers based on pyridine/oxadiazole alternating sequences as the catalysts for the arylation. Our studies revealed that foldamers can selectively recognize K over Na and the interactions between foldamers and K drive the arylation with a significant yield.

Cardiac surgery with valve replacement temporarily disrupts the hippocampal memory network.

Background: Systemic inflammation after heart valve replacement surgery commonly results in complications including cognitive impairment. This study was designed to investigate whether valvular heart disease itself and inflammation after valve replacement surgery affects cognition and the related functional connectivity (FC) of the hippocampal memory network.

Methods: Forty-three patients with valvular heart disease were screened for recruitment and assessed with cognition function tests, blood inflammatory cytokine measurements, and functional magnetic resonance imaging scans before surgery and on postoperative day 7 and 30.

Metabolomic profiling identifies metabolites in the pheromone glands of associated with the synthesis and release of female pheromone signals.

The tea moth pest, is an economically important and highly damaging pest that drastically affects tea plant leaves. The chemical composition of its pheromone glands metabolites before and during calling period has not been reported yet. Therefore, the present study aimed at the metabolomic profiling of female moths' sex pheromones glands before and during calling period using gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

Heterogeneous Microstructure and Tensile Properties of FeMnCoCr Metastable High-Entropy Alloy.

Face-centered cubic (FCC)-structured high-entropy alloys (HEAs) are facing a major challenge due to a trade-off between strength and ductility. In this paper, we systematically investigated the microstructural evolution and tensile properties of metastable dual-phase (DP) FeMnCoCr HEAs via cold rolling and partial recrystallized annealing, which resulted in a heterogeneous microstructure, and by inducing strengthening and strain-hardening through heterogeneous deformation-induced (HDI) strategies. The results show that the alloy was annealed at 600 °C for 10 min, exhibiting a good combination of strength and ductility.

No causal relationship between ankylosing spondylitis and Parkinson's disease: Insights from Mendelian randomization studies.

Background: Retrospective cohort and cross-sectional studies have indicated an association between ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and Parkinson's disease (PD). However, owing the multitude of limitations, a consistent conclusion has not been determined. Furthermore, whether a causal relationship exists between these two diseases remains unclear.

Unsupervised definition of two clinical subtypes of Essential tremor and the underlying brain topology.

Background: Essential tremor (ET) is one of the most prevalent neurological diseases varying considerably in clinical manifestations and prognosis, which indicates the existence of subtypes. Identifying ET subtypes is crucial for explaining clinical heterogeneity. This study aimed to identify ET subtypes using unsupervised clustering analysis based on clinical manifestations and explore underlying brain topology within both functional and structural networks.

Effects of Perillaldehyde and Polyamines on Defense Mechanisms of Sweet Potatoes against .

Sweet potato () serves as a significant food and economic crop worldwide. However, its production and safety are jeopardized by black rot, a disease caused by . Although polyamines (PAs) are common biological growth factors, their function in the storage of fruits and vegetables remains poorly understood.

Spatiotemporal neurodegeneration of the substantia nigra and its connecting cortex and subcortex in Parkinson's disease.

Background And Purpose: Neurodegeneration is uneven in Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed to investigate spatiotemporal neurodegeneration in functional subregions of the substantia nigra (SN) and their connected cortex and subcortex in people with PD.

Methods: A total of 120 patients with early-stage PD, 45 patients with advanced PD, and 120 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled.

Bladder cancer immune-related markers: diagnosis, surveillance, and prognosis.

As an immune-related tumor type, bladder cancer has been attracting much attention in the study of its markers. In recent years, researchers have made rapid progress in the study of immune-related markers for bladder cancer. Studies have shown that immune-related markers play an important role in the diagnosis, prognosis assessment and treatment of bladder cancer.

Prediction of Ki-67 expression and malignant potential in gastrointestinal stromal tumors: novel models based on CE-CT and serological indicators.

Purpose: To identify more reliable imaging and serological indicators for predicting Ki-67 expression and malignant potential in gastrointestinal stromal tumors, as well as to develop a preoperative prediction model with clinical utility.

Patients And Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University between May 2018 and May 2024. Univariate logistic analyses, two-way stepwise regression, P-value stepwise regression, and LASSO regression were employed to screen for Ki-67 high expression and high malignant potential risk factors associated with GIST.

Structure-guided design and photochemical synthesis of new carbamo(dithioperoxo)thioates with improved potencies to SARS-CoV-2 3CL.

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has triggered a protracted global pandemic from 2019 to 2022, and posed a significant threat to human health. One of the non-structural proteins 3CL of SARS-CoV-2 is considered as a validated target for the development of inhibitors against the virus. Disulfiram has been reported as a covalent inhibitor of 3CL; however, its structure lacks bonding site with active pockets of 3CL and its highly symmetric structure doesn't match well with the irregular cavity of the active center, limiting its therapeutic applications.

Glycyrrhizic acid promote remyelination after peripheral nerve injury by reducing NF-κB activation.

Background: Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) causes motor and sensory defects, has strong impact on life quality and still has no effective therapy. Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) is one of the most widely used in traditional Chinese prescriptions and as a flavoring additive in the food industry; the aims of the study were to investigate the effects of GA during sciatic nerve regeneration in a mouse model of sciatic nerve crush injury.

Methods: We established peripheral nerve crush model and investigated the effects of GA.

The downregulation of SASH1 expression promotes breast cancer occurrence and invasion accompanied by the activation of PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway.

SASH1 (SAM and SH3 domain containing 1) has been increasingly reported as a tumor suppressor gene. However, there is limited research on the role of SASH1 in breast cancer. This manuscript aims to investigate the mechanism of SASH1 in the occurrence, development, and prognosis of breast cancer.

Radical Alkynylthiolation with Visible-Light-Sensitive -Alkynylthio Sulfonates.

A novel kind of -alkynylthio sulfonate, which can be directly activated under visible-light irradiation, has been developed for the radical addition of multiple bond systems and radical coupling with diazonium salts under photocatalyst-free conditions. This strategy features a broad substrate scope, high regioselectivity, excellent tolerance of functional groups, and the late-stage modification of drugs. Experimental and theoretical mechanistic investigations gave reasonable insight into the photolysis of -alkynylthio sulfonates and C-S bond formation.

A ROS-responsive hydrogel incorporated with dental follicle stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles promotes dental pulp repair by ameliorating oxidative stress.

Pulpitis, an inflammatory disease of dental pulp tissues, ultimately results in the loss of pulp defense properties. Existing clinical modalities cannot effectively promote inflamed pulp repair. Oxidative stress is a major obstacle inhibiting pulp repair.

Peanut Rhizosphere Inhibits Development and Aflatoxin Synthesis by Inducing Apoptosis through Targeting the Cell Membrane.

Contamination of crop seeds and feed with and its associated aflatoxins presents a significant threat to human and animal health due to their hepatotoxic and carcinogenic properties. To address this challenge, researchers have screened for potential biological control agents in peanut soil and pods. This study identified a promising candidate, a strain of the nonpigmented bacterium, ZJS2-1, isolated from the peanut rhizosphere in Zhejiang Province, China, exhibiting notable antifungal and antiaflatoxin activities.

Effect of DNA methylation on the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells: concise review.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have promising potential for bone tissue engineering in bone healing and regeneration. They are regarded as such due to their capacity for self-renewal, multiple differentiation, and their ability to modulate the immune response. However, changes in the molecular pathways and transcription factors of MSCs in osteogenesis can lead to bone defects and metabolic bone diseases.

Effect of high-pressure-homogenisation on the interaction between pomegranate peel pectin fractions and anthocyanins in acidic environment.

In this study, changes in the basic composition and structural characterisation of water-soluble pectin (WSP), homogalacturonan (HG) and rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) from pomegranate peel were investigated after high-pressure-homogenisation (HPH) at 50 MPa and 300 MPa. The interactions between three pectin and anthocyanin (ACN) complex were also studied. The three pectin fractions were mainly composed of galacturonic acid (34.

The Autophagy-Related Protein ATG8 Orchestrates Asexual Development and AFB1 Biosynthesis in .

Autophagy, a conserved cellular recycling process, plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis under stress conditions. It also regulates the development and virulence of numerous filamentous fungi. In this study, we investigated the specific function of ATG8, a reliable autophagic marker, in the opportunistic pathogen .

Single-Stranded Nucleic Acid Transmembrane Molecular Carriers Based on Positively Charged Helical Foldamers.

Transmembrane delivery of biologically active nucleic acids is an important process in cells and has inspired one to develop advanced drug delivery techniques. In this contribution, molecular-level single-stranded nucleic acid transmembrane carriers are reported based on 3.2 nm long Huc's foldamers (AQQ) and (QQ) with linearly and helically aligned positive charges, respectively.

Piercing the corporate veil system and creditors protection: Based on the investigation of debt paying ability--Empirical evidence from the 2005 Company Law amendment.

This paper uses the difference-in-differences model to research how the "piercing the corporate veil" system marked by the 2005 Company Law amendment affects the level of corporate creditor protection. The research results show that private enterprises and local state-owned enterprises are sensitive and significant to this legal amendment. In contrast, local state-owned enterprises are more sensitive and have a stronger motivation to protect the interests of creditors.