Nanoscale CaO-Loaded Surface-Engineered Iodine-125 Seed with Sustained Self-Oxygenation for Sensitized Tumor Brachytherapy.

Iodine-125 (I) brachytherapy (BT) is renowned for its precision and effectiveness in delivering localized radiation doses to solid tumors. However, the therapeutic efficacy of traditionalI seed is often limited due to the inherent and acquired radioresistance. Based on the importance of tumor hypoxia in radioresistance, a novel "in situ oxygen-supplement" surface-modified radioactive I seed (I@TNT-CaO) is designed and constructed to overcome hypoxia-induced radioresistance in tumor BT.

Different extubation protocols for adult cardiac surgery: a systematic review and pairwise and network meta-analysis.

Background: With the advancement of ultra-fast track anesthesia, early extubation following cardiac surgery has become a prevailing trend. While there are significant benefits associated with early extubation, its high failure rate warrants further investigation, and the effectiveness of various extubation strategies in cardiac surgery still requires validation.

Methods: An extensive literature search was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases, encompassing studies without language restrictions.

Post-translational cleavage generates truncated IgY forms in the snake .

While variable regions of immunoglobulins are extensively diversified by V(D)J recombination and somatic hypermutation in vertebrates, the constant regions of immunoglobulin heavy chains also utilize certain mechanisms to produce diversity, including class switch recombination (CSR), subclass differentiation, and alternative expression of the same gene. Many species of birds, reptiles, and amphibians express a truncated isoform of immunoglobulin Y (IgY), termed IgY(ΔFc), which lacks the υCH3 and υCH4 domains. In Anseriformes, IgY(ΔFc) arises from alternative transcriptional termination sites within the same υ gene, whereas in some turtles, intact IgY and IgY(ΔFc) are encoded by distinct genes.

Untargeted metabolomic analysis uncovers metabolic variability of four strains for probiotic development.

species are essential members of the human gut microbiota, playing crucial roles in host health. Variations in the metabolic functions of different strains can have distinct health effects, making it essential to understand their metabolic characteristics for the development of targeted probiotic formulations. In this study, we cultivated four selected strains from three species: subsp.

Extract Can Be Used as a Raw Material Source for a Sterility Agent for .

Plant sterilants are used to control rodent populations due to their minimal environmental risk and other ethical considerations. However, their practical utilization is unsatisfactory due to high costs and processing difficulties. is a plant material that has shown the potential to inhibit the reproduction of , a species that causes serious damage to crops in the Dongting Lake region in China.

Receiver design for the REACH global 21-cm signal experiment.

We detail the REACH radiometric system designed to enable measurements of the 21-cm neutral hydrogen line. Included is the radiometer architecture and end-to-end system simulations as well as a discussion of the challenges intrinsic to highly-calibratable system development. Following this, we share laboratory results based on the calculation of noise wave parameters utilising an over-constrained least squares approach.

Enhancing medical English proficiency: the current status and development potential of peer-assisted learning in medical education.

This narrative review investigates the current implementation and future potential of Peer-Assisted Learning (PAL) in medical education, specifically emphasizing its role in enhancing medical English proficiency. The article analyzes the effectiveness of PAL across various medical education contexts, including primary medical courses, doctor-patient communication, and standardized residency training. The findings indicate that PAL positively impacts student learning outcomes and promotes professional development, highlighting the necessity of its application in medical English instruction.

Platelet-mimicking nanoparticles loaded with diallyl trisulfide for Mitigating Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in rats.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) shows promise in treating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI), but the challenge of controlled and sustained release hinders its clinical utility. In this study, we developed a platelet membrane-encapsulated mesoporous silica nanoparticle loaded with the HS donor diallyl trisulfide (PM-MSN-DATS). PM-MSN-DATS demonstrated optimal encapsulation efficiency and drug-loading content.

Influence of the Enterovirus 71 Vaccine and the COVID-19 Pandemic on Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in China Based on Counterfactual Models: Observational Study.

Background: Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a highly contagious viral illness. Understanding the long-term trends of HFMD incidence and its epidemic characteristics under the circumstances of the enterovirus 71 (EV71) vaccination program and the outbreak of COVID-19 is crucial for effective disease surveillance and control.

Objective: We aim to give an overview of the trends of HFMD over the past decades and evaluate the impact of the EV71 vaccination program and the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemic trends of HFMD.

Structural-color meta-nanoprinting embedding multi-domain spatial light field information.

Recently, multifunctional metasurface has showcased its powerful functionality to integrate nanoprinting and holography, and display ultracompact meta-images in near- and far-field simultaneously. Herein, we propose a tri-channel metasurface which can further extend the meta-imaging ranges, with three independent images located at the interface, Fresnel and Fourier domains, respectively. Specifically, a structural-color nanoprinting image is decoded right at the interface of the metasurface, enabled by varying the dimensions of nanostructures; a Fresnel holographic image and another Fourier holographic image are present at the Fresnel and Fourier (far-field) domains, respectively, enabled by geometric phase.

Experimental retrieval of metaholographic images via evanescent wave using a single-layer nanostructure for encryption.

Metasurfaces have demonstrated significant potential in optical encryption and anti-counterfeiting due to their incredible capability of manipulating various light properties. However, previous metasurface-encryption methods did not sufficiently explore the spatial frequency aspect, particularly regarding evanescent waves. Here, we propose an encryption scheme by introducing evanescent waves into the encoding and decoding processes.

Four new species and a key to Australian species of the genus Diochus Erichson (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Diochini).

The Australian species of the genus Diochus Erichson, 1839 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Diochini) are reviewed and four new species are described: Diochus basseti sp. nov. and D.

Taxonomy of the genus Diochus Erichson (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Diochini) of Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu and Solomon Islands.

This paper presents taxonomic studies of the genus Diochus Erichson, 1839 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Diochini) from Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu and Solomon Islands. Three new species are described: Diochus elongatus Huang, Janák & Zhou, sp. nov.

Six new species and a key to 12 species of the genus Diochus Erichson (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Diochini) from India, Nepal and Pakistan.

This paper presents taxonomic studies of the genus Diochus Erichson, 1839 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Diochini) of Bhutan, India, Nepal, Myanmar, Pakistan and Thailand. Six new species are described: Diochus cameroni Huang, Janák & Zhou, sp. nov.

Gr-1 blockade remodels the immunosuppressive microenvironment induced by incomplete microwave ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Ablation is one of the main methods for local treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Different from radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA) is not limited by tissue conductivity, and can use multiple electrodes at the same time to improve ablation efficiency. In addition, MWA can form a larger ablation area, which makes it possible to completely ablate large HCC.

Tri-channel metasurface fusion of continuously varying gray levels for nanoprinting and holographic displays.

Metasurfaces are extensively utilized in nanoprinting and hologram fusion displays due to their superior wavefront shaping capabilities. However, the creation of continuously varying grayscale images based on conventional Malus's law necessitates the use of at least one polarizer for observation, which compromises the metasurface's integration. In this study, inspired by the Jacobi-Anger expansion, we propose a tri-channel metasurface to establish three independent information channels for simultaneous grayscale nanoprinting and polarization multiplexed holography.

Preparation of nanocellulose-silk fibroin stiff hydrogel and high absorbing-low expansion xerogel via polysaccharide-protein interactions.

Inspired by the unique environmental sensitivities of polysaccharides and proteins, nanocellulose (NC) and silk fibroin (SF) nanocomposite hydrogels with tailored network structures and mechanical properties were developed by varying induction methods and assembly sequences. In the optimal process, SF was first assembled along the NC template to create a unique nanobead-like structure under thermal induction, followed by crosslinking in an acetic acid coagulation bath to form a polysaccharide-protein nanocomposite hydrogel with high mechanical strength, with elastic modulus as of 62,330 G' in Pa at only 0.25 wt% NC and 1.

Preparation of carboxylated-silk nanofibers by the one-pot method of maleic acid hydrolysis.

In this study, a maleic acid (MA) hydrolysis one-pot method is proposed to prepare carboxylated silk nanofibers (MA-SNFs). The MA concentration, hydrolysis temperature, and processing time were optimized. Combined with high-pressure homogenization, MA-SNFs with a carboxyl content of 0.

Minimalist design of multifunctional metasurfaces for helicity multiplexed holography and nanoprinting.

Recently, polarization multiplexing has become a common strategy to enhance the information capacity of metasurfaces. Nevertheless, the intricate design of anisotropic nanostructures forming a polarization multiplexed metasurface poses a significant challenge, increasing the requirements for manufacturing processes and diminishing overall robustness. Herein, we present a minimalist metasurface comprised of only two kinds of nanostructures to achieve the integration of continuous-amplitude modulated nanoprinting and eight-step phase-only helicity-multiplexed holography.

Introducing Phosphate Ester into DAPhen by Propyl Enhanced the Selectivity for UO over Th.

A new type of phenanthroline carboxamide(DAPhen)-phosphate ester ligand (/) was synthesized for the selective separation of U(VI) over Th(IV). Liquid-liquid extraction experiments showed that the introduction of phosphate ester could increase the extraction ability of ligands for U(VI), especially , which showed high selectivity for the separation of U(VI) over Th(IV). The slope analysis indicated that could form 1:1 and 1:2 complexes with U(VI) and 1:1 complexes with Th(IV).

Photo-Amplified Plasma Membrane Rupture by Membrane-Anchoring NIR-II Small Molecule Design for Improved Cancer Photoimmunotherapy.

Immunotherapy is a promising cancer treatment method for eradicating tumor cells by enhancing the immune response. However, there are several major obstacles to conventional phototherapy-mediated immune responses, including inadequate immunogenicity and immunosuppressive environment. Here, we present a novel photoimmunotherapy modality-the development of membrane-anchoring small molecule inducing plasma membrane rupture (PMR) by NIR-II photo-stimulation, thus evoking cell necrotic death and enhancing antitumor immunotherapy.

KIF18B: an important role in signaling pathways and a potential resistant target in tumor development.

KIF18B is a key member of the kinesin-8 family, involved in regulating various physiological processes such as microtubule length, spindle assembly, and chromosome alignment. This article briefly introduces the structure and physiological functions of KIF18B, examines its role in malignant tumors, and the associated carcinogenic signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, and mTOR pathways. Research indicates that the upregulation of KIF18B enhances tumor malignancy and resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy.