Response of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus concentration and stoichiometry of plants and soils during a soybean growth season to O stress and straw return in Northeast China.

Carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations and stoichiometry play important roles in biogeochemical cycles of the ecosystems, yet it is still unclear how the allocations of C, N and P concentrations and stoichiometry among plant organs and soils related to O stress and straw return. Here, a pot experiment was conducted in open top chambers to monitor the response of C, N and P concentrations and stoichiometry of leaves, stems, roots and soils during a growing season (branching, flowering and podding stages) of soybean (Glycine max; a species highly sensitive to O) to background O concentration (44.8 ± 5.

The Smaller the Leaf Is, the Faster the Leaf Water Loses in a Temperate Forest.

Leaf size (i.e., leaf surface area and leaf dry mass) profoundly affects a variety of biological carbon, water and energy processes.

Assessing the regional carbon sink with its forming processes- a case study of Liaoning province, China.

Assessing the regional carbon sink sets the basis of regional carbon management, which involves many measures but has large uncertainties. Carbon sink assessment scheme based on its forming processes (CSF) is a recently proposed measure but repeatly calculates emission from water erosion and ignored human inducing carbon inputs. Therefore, we revised the CSF by calculating the direct outputs from land surface and adding human returned carbon (HC) to the input.

Divergent drivers of the spatial and temporal variations of cropland carbon transfer in Liaoning province, China.

Spatial and temporal variations are important points of focus in ecological research. Analysing their differences improves our understanding on the variations of ecological phenomena. Using data from the Liaoning Statistical Yearbook, we investigated the spatial and temporal variations of cropland carbon transfer (CCT), an important ecological phenomenon in quantifying the regional carbon budget, in particular, the influencing factors and difference.

Six-Year Nitrogen-Water Interaction Shifts the Frequency Distribution and Size Inequality of the First-Order Roots of in a Mixed Mature Forest.

The variation in fine root traits in terms of size inequality at the individual root level can be identified as a strategy for adapting to the drastic changes in soil water and nutrient availabilities. The Gini and Lorenz asymmetry coefficients have been applied to describe the overall degree of size inequality, which, however, are neglected when conventional statistical means are calculated. Here, we used the Gini coefficient, Lorenz asymmetry coefficient and statistical mean in an investigation of roots in a mixed mature forest on Changbai Mountain, China.

Combined Effects of Elevated O Concentrations and Enhanced UV-B Radiation of the Biometric and Biochemical Properties of Soybean Roots.

Enhanced ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation and elevated tropospheric ozone alone may inhibit the growth of agricultural crops. However, research regarding their combined effects on growth and biochemical properties of roots is still scarce. Using open top chambers, we monitored the response of growth, secondary metabolites, endogenous hormones and enzyme activities of soybean roots to elevated O and enhanced UV-B individually and in combination at stages of branching, flowering and podding.

Combined effects of O3 and UV radiation on secondary metabolites and endogenous hormones of soybean leaves.

Enhanced ultraviolet radiation (UV) and elevated tropospheric ozone (O3) may individually cause reductions in the growth and productivity of important agricultural crops. However, research regarding their combined effects on important agricultural crops is still scarce, especially on changes in secondary metabolites and endogenous hormones, which are important protective substances and signal components that control plant responses to environment stresses. In this study, using an experimental setup of open top chambers, we monitored the responses of seed yield per plant, leaf secondary metabolites and leaf endogenous hormones under the stress of elevated O3 and enhanced UV radiation individually, as well as their combined stress.

Quetiapine mitigates the ethanol-induced oxidative stress in brain tissue, but not in the liver, of the rat.

Quetiapine, an atypical antipsychotic, has been employed to treat alcoholic patients with comorbid psychopathology. It was shown to scavenge hydroxyl radicals and to protect cultured cells from noxious effects of oxidative stress, a pathophysiological mechanism involved in the toxicity of alcohol. This study compared the redox status of the liver and the brain regions of prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum of rats treated with or without ethanol and quetiapine.

Acupuncture at Houxi (SI 3) acupoint for acute neck pain caused by stiff neck: study protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: The use of acupuncture has been suggested for the treatment of acute neck pain caused by stiff neck in China. However, current evidence is insufficient to draw any conclusions about its efficacy. Therefore this pilot study was designed to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of acupuncture at the Houxi (SI3) acupoint for treatment of acute neck pain.

[Effects of elevated O3 concentration and UV-B radiation on the chlorophyll content and active oxygen metabolism of soybean leaves].

Taking the soybean (Glycine max) cultivar Tiefeng 29 as test material, and by using open-top chamber, this paper studied the effects of elevated O3 concentration and UV-B radiation on the leaf chlorophyll content, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production rate, anti-oxidation enzymes activities, and the grain yield. During the growth period of soybean, as compared with the control, the leaf Chl a, Chl b and Chl (a+b) contents under the stresses of O3 and UV-B had a decreasing trend, the relative electrical conductivity, malondialdehyde content, superoxide anion (O2) production rate, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content increased, and the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase as well as the grain yield decreased. O3+ UV stress aggravated the leaf membrane lipid peroxidation, promoted the ROS production, and decreased the plant antioxidant capacity and leaf chlorophyll content.

Effects of reactive oxygen species metabolic system on soybean (Glycine max) under exogenous chitosan to ozone stress.

In order to reveal effect mechanism of crop reactive oxygen species metabolic system under exogenous chitosan to ozone stress, open top chambers were utilized to investigate the change of reactive oxygen species production rate, lipid peroxidation extent, anti-oxidative enzymes activities and antioxidant content in soybean (Glycine max) leaves. Exogenous chitosan treatment relieves the aggravation of reactive oxygen species damage through ozone stress, which represents protective efficacy to soybean, the superoxide anion production rate, hydrogen peroxide content, malondialdehyde content and membrane permeability decreased, while anti-oxidative enzymes activity and anti-oxidative substances increased. But the alleviation of exogenous chitosan to ozone is limited.

Effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 and O3 on Hill activity and Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase activity of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.

The main photo-physiological characteristics of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. were analyzed in open-top chambers under elevated carbon dioxide and ozone concentrations. The results indicated that the leaves net photosynthetic rates (p < 0.