Publications by authors named "Tian Gan"

Mycobacterial infection poses a significant threat to human health, with granuloma formation serving as a hallmark pathological feature and a critical diagnostic indicator. Langhans giant cells (LGCs) play a pivotal role in the immune response during mycobacterial infections, yet their immunological functions remain incompletely understood. In this study, we explored the role of LGCs in immune modulation during mycobacterial infection.

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Background: Cutaneous Mycobacterium marinum (M. marinum) infection can lead to the formation of infectious granulomas containing Langhans giant cells (LGCs). Due to concerns about prolonged antibiotic use and the development of drug resistance, its treatment poses challenges.

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Objectives: To investigate the protective effect of the probiotic bacterium K12 (K12) against (Mp) infection in mice.

Methods: Forty male BALB/c mice were randomized into normal control group, K12 treatment group, Mp infection group, and K12 pretreatment prior to Mp infection group. The probiotic K12 was administered daily by gavage for 14 days before Mp infection induced by intranasal instillation of Mp.

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Medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl-PHAs) are semi-crystalline elastomers with a low melting point and high elongation at break, allowing for a wide range of applications in domestic, agricultural, industrial, and mainly medical fields. Utilizing low-cost cellulose hydrolyzed sugar as a carbon source and metabolic engineering to enhance synthesis in is a promising strategy for commercializing mcl-PHAs, but little has been attempted to improve the utilization of glucose for synthesizing mcl-PHAs. In this study, a multi-pathway modification was performed to improve the utilization of substrate glucose and the synthesis capacity of PHAs.

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To preliminarily understand the pathogenic mechanism of (Mg) GroEL protein, we used bioinformatics tools to predict the structure and function of Mg GroEL protein and then constructed the recombinant plasmid pET-28a-GroEL. The protein expression was induced by 0.2 mmol/L IPTG, and the expressed protein was purified by Ni-iminodicitic acid (IDA) column affinity.

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Article Synopsis
  • The snowball Earth hypothesis suggests that during the Marinoan ice age around 635 million years ago, continental chemical weathering was greatly reduced but then increased afterward.
  • Research conducted on lithium isotope compositions in rock layers from South China shows a distinct trend of decreasing lithium levels as distance from the shore increases, indicating the mixing of meltwater and hypersaline seawater.
  • The findings support the idea that during this period, weak weathering on land and strong reverse weathering on the ocean floor influenced the chemistry of the oceans, aligning with the plumeworld hypothesis.
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  • - This study examines how plasma exosomal miRNAs, especially miR-21, are linked to the risk of bone nonunion following surgery for clavicle fractures, aiming to improve patient outcomes.
  • - Involving 763 patients, researchers found that 720 achieved bone union while 43 experienced nonunion, with the latter group showing notably higher levels of miR-21 in their plasma.
  • - The analysis indicated a strong correlation between high miR-21 levels and the likelihood of nonunion, suggesting miR-21 could potentially serve as a useful biomarker for predicting surgical outcomes in orthopedic care.
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This study examines the influence of digital government initiatives on corporate total factor productivity (TFP). Employing a difference-in-differences (DID) methodology and analyzing data from publicly listed companies spanning the period 2010 to 2020, we investigate the impact of digital governance on corporate TFP. Our findings reveal a noteworthy positive effect, with an average TFP increase of 5%.

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Background: The advent of immunotherapy has changed the landscape of SCLC treatment, although the identification of reliable prognostic biomarkers remains a formidable challenge. Our objective was to investigate the prognostic implications of obesity and body composition in SCLC immunotherapy while seeking a straightforward anthropometric measure.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from patients with SCLC who underwent immunotherapy between 2019 and 2023.

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  • The study evaluates the effectiveness and quality of CT radiomics in predicting brain metastasis (BM) in lung cancer patients by analyzing various studies from major databases like PubMed and Embase.
  • Thirteen studies were reviewed, showing a moderate average quality score and indicating that a majority had some risk of bias in their findings.
  • The results suggest that while CT radiomics shows potential as a non-invasive prediction tool for BM, further extensive and collaborative research is needed to improve reliability and general acceptance.
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Introduction: , the causative agent of human tuberculosis, poses a significant threat to global public health and imposes a considerable burden on the economy. However, existing laboratory diagnostic methods for are time-consuming and have limited sensitivity levels.

Methods: The CRISPR/Cas system, commonly known as the "gene scissors", demonstrates remarkable specificity and efficient signal amplification capabilities.

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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of abnormal placental shapes (APS) compared with prenatal ultrasound.

Methods: From an initial cohort of 613 women with a high prevalence of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders, the MRI findings of 27 pregnant women with APS who underwent antenatal ultrasound and MRI examinations before delivery were retrospectively analyzed. The clinicopathological findings were used as the gold standard, and the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of antenatal MRI and a multidisciplinary team experienced in diagnosing APS were assessed.

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  • * A total of 74 bladder cancer patients and 22 non-cancer controls were tested, with results showing that higher baseline ADNP mRNA in CTCs correlated with a sensitivity of 83.33% and specificity of 73.58% for predicting tumor recurrence.
  • * Despite promising findings, the study acknowledges its limitation due to a small sample size, while also highlighting the effectiveness of the detection method used for monitoring ADNP mRNA levels in
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Introduction: Abnormal placental cord insertions (APCIs) are significant risk factors for pregnancy complications, encompassing marginal cord insertion (MCI), velamentous cord insertion (VCI), and vasa previa (VP). While ultrasound is the primary imaging modality, its accuracy can be limited by factors such as maternal obesity and fetal positioning. Complementary to ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers a more precise visualization of the fetus, placenta, and umbilical cord relationships.

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  • * Activation mapping before and after LVTA resulted in four distinct changes in atrial tachycardia circuits and their corresponding ablation strategies, highlighting the necessity of precise mapping to enhance ablation effectiveness.
  • * Post-procedure follow-up showed a 69.3% success rate in preventing recurrent AT, indicating that LVTA significantly improves the accuracy of identifying hidden conduction pathways in low voltage zones of the left atrium.
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It is highly desirable to develop a low-cost and rapid detection method for trace levels of carbendazim fungicide residues, which would be beneficial for improving human health and mitigating environmental issues. Herein, isolated single tungsten atoms were implanted onto well-organized metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived N-doped carbons to form W-N-C single-site heterojunctions with ultrahigh electrocatalytic activity. The coupling of W-N-C with Cu(HHTP), an electronically conductive MOF with a large surface area and porous structure, exhibited enhanced electrocatalytic performance for the oxidation of carbendazim (CBZ) when they were used for decorating graphene nanoplatelet flexible electrode arrays fabricated via template-assisted scalable filtration.

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Background: Infant hepatitis syndrome (IHS) is a clinical syndrome in infants less than one year of age with generalized skin jaundice, abnormal liver function, and hepatomegaly due to various etiologies such as infection.

Aim: To investigate the effect of IHS patients, after treatment with arsphenamine-based peptides, on patients' liver function damage and immune function.

Methods: Of 110 patients with IHS treated in our hospital from January 2019 to January 2021 were grouped according to the randomized residual grouping method, with 5 cases in each group shed due to transfer, Ultimately, 50 cases remained in each group.

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Anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins are considered to be essential secondary metabolites in grapes and are used to regulate metabolic processes, while miRNAs are involved in their synthesis of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins to regulate metabolic processes. The present research work was carried out to investigate the underlying regulatory mechanism of target genes in the grape cultivars 'Italia' and 'Benitaka'. miRNA and transnscriptomic sequencing technology were employed to characterize both the profiles of miRNAs and the transcripts of grape peels at 10 and 11 weeks post flowering (10 wpf and 11 wpf).

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The Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (T-OAE; ~183 Mya) was a globally significant carbon-cycle perturbation linked to widespread deposition of organic-rich sediments, massive volcanic CO release, marine faunal extinction, sea-level rise, a crisis in carbonate production related to ocean acidification, and elevated seawater temperatures. Despite recognition of the T-OAE as a potential analog for future ocean deoxygenation, current knowledge on the severity of global ocean anoxia is limited largely to studies of the trace element and isotopic composition of black shales, which are commonly affected by local processes. Here, we present the first carbonate-based uranium isotope (δU) record of the T-OAE from open marine platform limestones of the southeastern Tethys Ocean as a proxy for global seawater redox conditions.

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Background: Acute abdominal pain (AAP) is a common symptom presented in the emergency department (ED), and it is crucial to have objective and accurate triage. This study aims to develop a machine learning-based prediction model for AAP triage. The goal is to identify triage indicators for critically ill patients and ensure the prompt availability of diagnostic and treatment resources.

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A breakthrough "Green Revolution" in rice enhanced lodging resistance by using gibberellin-deficient semi-dwarf varieties. However, the gibberellic acid (GA) signaling regulation on rice disease resistance remains unclear. The resistance test showed that a positive GA signaling regulator mutant was more susceptible while a negative GA signaling regulator () mutant was less susceptible to sheath blight (ShB), one of the major rice diseases, suggesting that GA signaling positively regulates ShB resistance.

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Objective: To evaluate the impact of sequential (first- to third-generation) epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) treatment on top-corrected QT interval (top-QTc) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of NSCLC patients undergoing sequential EGFR-TKI treatment at Shanghai Chest Hospital between October 2016 and August 2021. The heart rate (HR), top-QT interval, and top-QTc of their ECGs were extracted from the institutional database and analyzed.

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Human moral reactions to artificial intelligence (AI) agents' behavior constitute an important aspect of modern-day human-AI relationships. Although previous studies have mainly focused on autonomy ethics, this study investigates how individuals judge AI agents' violations of community ethics (including betrayals and subversions) compared with human violations. Participants' behavioral responses, event-related potentials (ERPs), and individual differences were assessed.

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Many experimental and theoretical studies have shown that the mechanical properties of cells and the extracellular matrix can significantly affect the lifetime and strength of the adhesion clusters of molecular bonds. However, there are few studies on how the shape of the contact surface affects the lifetime and strength of the adhesion clusters of molecular bonds, especially theoretical studies in this area. An idealized model of focal adhesion is adopted, in which two rigid media are bonded together by an array of receptor-ligand bonds modeled as Hookean springs on a complex surface topography, which is described by three parameters: the surface shape factor β, the length of a single identical surface shape , and the amplitude of surface shapes .

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Ileostomy diverts the flow of feces, which can result in malnutrition in the distal part of the intestine. The diversity of the gut microbiota consequently decreases, ultimately leading to intestinal dysbiosis and dysfunction. This condition can readily result in diversion colitis (DC).

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