The influencing factors of tumor-related sarcopenia: a scoping review.

Background And Objective: As the number of cancer cases is increasing dramatically worldwide, patients with cancer are facing serious threats of nutritional loss, sarcopenia, and even cachexia in the early stages of the disease. Sarcopenia is closely associated with poor prognosis of patients with cancer; however, there is a significant gap in the current clinical knowledge of tumor-related sarcopenia and the means to prevent and control it. The aim of this study is to explore the prevalence and influencing factors of tumor-related sarcopenia through a scoping review, and to provide guidance for future research directions and the development of intervention protocols.

Effects of Remote Ischemic Conditioning on Postoperative Recovery After Hepatectomy: A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Background And Aims: Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) has shown promise in preclinical and clinical studies, but its effectiveness in reducing hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injuries (HIRIs) and enhancing postoperative recovery after hepatectomy remains uncertain. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of perioperative RIC (PRIC) on postoperative recovery in patients undergoing hepatectomy.

Methods: A randomised controlled trial was performed.

Remote ischemic conditioning in experimental hepatic ischemia‑reperfusion: A systematic review and meta‑analysis.

Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC), including pre-conditioning (RIPC, before the ischemic event), per-conditioning (RIPerC, during the ischemic event), and post-conditioning (RIPostC, after the ischemic event), protects the liver in animal hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injuries models. However, several questions regarding the optimal timing of intervention and administration protocols remain unanswered. Therefore, the preclinical evidence on RIC in the HIRI models was systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed in the present review to provide constructive and helpful information for future works.

Discovery of highly oxygenated cytochalasans with antiproliferative activity from an endophytic fungus Boeremia exigua.

Eleven cytochalasans (1-11), including six undescribed analogues (1-3 and 5-7) and a new natural product (4), were obtained from the endophytic fungus Boeremia exigua. Their structures and absolute configurations were determined by a combination of extensive spectroscopic techniques, electron circular dichroism (ECD), and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Boerelasin E (1) represented the first cytochalasan possessing a cis-configured Δ double bond.

Clinical significance and biological roles of lncRNA CTBP1-AS in polycystic ovary syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is among the most prevalent endocrine and metabolic disorders affecting women of reproductive age. Multiple factors, including genetic predisposition, environmental influences, and lifestyle choices, are considered significant contributors to the development of PCOS. A kind of long noncoding RNA-C-Terminal binding protein 1 antisense (lncRNA CTBP1-AS) has been proven to be a new androgen receptor regulator.

Carboxymethyl chitosan-modified folate-targeted carbon nanotubes-baicalin complexes for cancer progression and metastasis.

Achieving desirable clinical outcomes is difficult given the rising number of cases and mortality of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Consequently, developing an efficient drug delivery system for managing cancer progression and metastasis with relatively low toxicity has proven to be highly promising. Initially, carboxymethyl chitosan was covalently modified and partially substituted with folic acid, and subsequently encapsulated as a shell to deliver carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes and their coupled baicalin to form carboxymethyl chitosan-modified folate-targeted carbon nanotubes-baicalein complexes.

Intrinsically Microporous Polyimides Derived from 2,2'-Dibromo-4,4',5,5'-bipohenyltetracarboxylic Dianhydride for Gas Separation Membranes.

This work aims to expand the structure-property relationships of bromo-containing polyimides and the influence of bromine atoms on the gas separation properties of such materials. A series of intrinsically microporous polyimides were synthesized from 2,2'-dibromo-4,4',5,5'-bipohenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (Br-BPDA) and five bulky diamines, (7,7'-(mesitylmethylene)bis(8-methyldibenzo[b,e][1,4]dioxin-2-amine) (MMBMA), 7,7'-(Mesitylmethylene)bis(1,8-dimethyldibenzo[b,e][1,4] dioxin-2-amine) (MMBDA), 4,10-dimethyl-6H,12H-5,11-methanodibenzo[b,f][1,5]diazocine-2,8-diamine (TBDA1), 4,10-dimethyl-6H,12H-5,11-methanodibenzo[b,f][1,5]diazocine-3,9-diamine (TBDA2), and (9R,10R)-9,10-dihydro-9,10-[1,2]benzenoanthracene-2,6-diamine (DAT). The Br-BPDA-derived polyimides exhibited excellent solubility, high thermal stability, and good mechanical properties, with their tensile strength and modulus being 59.

Phellintremulins A-C, antinociceptive sesquiterpenoids from the medicinal fungus Phellinus tremulae.

Phellintremulin A (1), a rearranged sesquiterpenoid with an unprecedented bicyclic backbone, and two previously unreported illudane-type sesquiterpenoids, namely phellintremulin B (2) and phellintremulin C (3), together with two known analogues (±)‒4 and (±)‒5, were isolated from cultures of the medicinal fungus Phellinus tremulae. Their structures and absolute configurations were established by means of spectroscopic data and HRESIMS analyses, as well as ECD and NMR calculations. A plausible biogenesis for 1 was discussed.

Effects of remote ischemic preconditioning in hepatectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Animal experiments have confirmed that remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) can reduce hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injuries (HIRIs), significantly improving early tissue perfusion and oxygenation of the residual liver after resections, accelerating surgical prognoses, and improving survival rates. However, there is still controversy over the role of RIPC in relieving HIRI in clinical studies, which warrants clarification. This study aimed to evaluate the beneficial effects and applicability of RIPC in hepatectomy and to provide evidence-based information for clinical decision-making.

Chromones from the endophytic fungus Bipolaris eleusines.

Eight previously undescribed chromones eleusineketones A-H (1-8), as well as eight known compounds (9-16), were isolated from the endophytic fungus Bipolaris eleusines. These planar structures were created using an in-depth analysis of their spectral data, which included 1D, 2D, and HRESIMS data. Furthermore, the absolute configurations of compounds 1, 2, and 6 were determined by spectroscopic analysis and quantum chemical computational approaches, and compound 5 was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.

The antifungal properties of terpenoids from the endophytic fungus Bipolaris eleusines.

A series of terpenoids (1-17), comprising six new compounds designated bipolariterpenes A-F (1-6) and eleven recognized compounds (7-17), were isolated from the wheat culture of the potato endophytic fungus Bipolaris eleusines. Their structures and stereochemistry were clarified by HRESIMS, NMR, DP4 + probability analyses, and computations for electronic circular dichroism (ECD). All compounds are made up of six meroterpenoids, four sesterterpenes and seven sesquiterpenes.

Boerelasins A-D, Four Unprecedented Cytochalasins from the Endophytic Fungus .

Four undescribed cytochalasins () were isolated from the endophytic fungus . Structurally, boerelasin A () represents the first example of a cytochalasin with a rare 5/5 bicyclic carbon core. Boerelasin B () possesses an unprecedented 5/6/5/6/8 pentacyclic ring system.

Impact of nurse-led education on the prognosis of heart failure patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: To perform a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to investigate the effect of nurse-led education on death, readmission, and quality of life in patients with heart failure.

Background: The evidence of the effectiveness of nurse-led education in heart failure patients from randomized controlled trials is limited, and the results are inconsistent. Therefore, the impact of nurse-led education remains poorly understood, and more rigorous studies are needed.

Study on Creepage Control for PLS-160 Wheel-Rail Adhesion Test Rig Based on LADRC.

Aiming at the problem of low control accuracy caused by nonlinear disturbances in the operation of the PLS-160 wheel-rail adhesion test rig, a linear active disturbance rejection controller (LADRC) suitable for the wheel-rail adhesion test rig was designed. The influence of nonlinear disturbances during the operation of the test rig on the control accuracy was analyzed based on SIMPACK. The SIMAT co-simulation platform was established to verify the control performance of the LADRC designed in this paper.

Effect of remote ischemic preconditioning in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) is reported to reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in many vital organs by inhibiting a systemic inflammatory response. Inflammation also plays an essential role in the pathophysiology of prolonged post-operative ileus (PPOI) in patients undergoing colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery. However, the role of RIPC is unclear in reducing the incidence of PPOI in patients undergoing CRC surgery.

Evidence for the latest fossil Pongo in southern China.

Pongo fossils with precise absolute age brackets are rare, limiting our understanding of their taxonomy and spatiotemporal distribution in southern China during the Late Pleistocene. Twenty-four isolated teeth of fossil orangutans were recently discovered during excavations at Yicun Cave in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, southern China. Here, we dated the fossil-bearing layer using Uranium-series dating of the associated flowstone and soda straw stalactites.

Facile Synthesis of Unimodal Polymethacrylates with Narrow Dispersity via NIR LED Light-Controlled Bromine-Iodine Transformation Reversible-Deactivation Radical Polymerization.

A facile and clean strategy for synthesizing unimodal polymethacrylates with narrow dispersity (Đ < 1.10) is successfully developed by a near-infrared (NIR) light-emitting diode (LED) light (λ = 740 nm)-controlled in situ bromine-iodine transformation reversible-deactivation radical polymerization system without the use of NIR dyes and expensive catalysts. In this system, alkyl iodide ethyl α-iodophenylacetate (EIPA) initiator is generated in situ by the nucleophilic substitution reaction between an alkyl bromide compound ethyl α-bromophenylacetate and sodium iodide (NaI).

Photocontrolled Iodine-Mediated Reversible-Deactivation Radical Polymerization: Solution Polymerization of Methacrylates by Irradiation with NIR LED Light.

Herein, near-infrared (NIR) photocontrolled iodide-mediated reversible-deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) of methacrylates, without an external photocatalyst, was developed using an alkyl iodide (e.g., 2-iodo-2-methylpropionitrile) as the initiator at room temperature.

Photocontrolled Iodine-Mediated Green Reversible-Deactivation Radical Polymerization of Methacrylates: Effect of Water in the Polymerization System.

Photocontrolled iodine-mediated reversible-deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) is a facile and highly efficient access to precision polymers. Herein, a facile photocontrolled iodine-mediated green RDRP strategy was successfully established in water by using 2-iodo-2-methylpropionitrile (CP-I) as the initiator and water-soluble functional monomers including poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) as the model monomers under blue-light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation at room temperature. Well-defined polymers (PPEGMA, PHEMA, PHPMA) with narrow polydispersities (1.

Photo-Controlled Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly (Photo-PISA): A Novel Strategy Using In Situ Bromine-Iodine Transformation Living Radical Polymerization.

A series of hydrophilic poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) macroinitiators and stabilizers are synthesized in methanol through in situ photo-controlled bromine-iodine transformation living radical polymerization, where ethyl α-bromophenylacetate (EBPA) is the initial initiator and is converted to an iodo-type initiator in the presence of NaI. The subsequent photo-controlled polymerization-induced self-assembly (photo-PISA) process is achieved by adding a second monomer, hydrophobic benzyl methacrylate (BnMA), under irradiation with blue light emitting diode (LED) light at room temperature. The effect of the target degree of polymerization (DP) of PPEGMA, PBnMA, as well as the solids content on the self-assembly behavior of block copolymer PPEGMA-b-PBnMA is evaluated by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) characterization.

Construction of dual-functional polymer nanomaterials with near-infrared fluorescence imaging and polymer prodrug by RAFT-mediated aqueous dispersion polymerization.

The performance of functional polymer nanomaterials is a vigorously discussed topic in polymer science. We devoted ourselves to investigating polymer nanomaterials based on near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and polymer prodrug in this study. Aza-boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) is an important organic dye, having characteristics such as environmental resistance, light resistance, high molar extinction coefficient, and fluorescence quantum yield.

Surface modification of carbon nanotubes by using iron-mediated activators generated by electron transfer for atom transfer radical polymerization.

Herein, a surface-initiated activator generated by electron transfer for an atom transfer radical polymerization (AGET ATRP) system was developed on the surface of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by using FeCl·6HO as the catalyst, tris-(3,6-dioxoheptyl) amine (TDA-1) as the ligand and ascorbic acid (AsAc) as the reducing agent. A wide range of polymers, such as polystyrene (PS), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA), were successfully grafted onto the surfaces. The core-shell structure of MWCNTs@PS was observed by TEM.