Exploring gene mutations and multidrug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a study from the Lung Hospital in Vietnam.

Background: Drug-resistant tuberculosis not only diminishes treatment efficacy but also heightens the risk of transmission and mortality. Investigating Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to first-line antituberculosis drugs is essential to tackle a major global health challenge.

Methods And Results: Using Sanger sequencing, this study investigates gene mutations associated with multidrug resistance in drug-resistant M.

Twindemic Threats of Weeds Coinfected with Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus and Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus as Viral Reservoirs in Tomato Greenhouses.

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) and tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) are well-known examples of the begomovirus and orthotospovirus genera, respectively. These viruses cause significant economic damage to tomato crops worldwide. Weeds play an important role in the ongoing presence and spread of several plant viruses, such as TYLCV and TSWV, and are recognized as reservoirs for these infections.

An Effective Integrated Machine Learning Framework for Identifying Severity of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus and Their Experimental Validation.

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) dispersed across different countries, specifically to subtropical regions, associated with more severe symptoms. Since TYLCV was first isolated in 1931, it has been a menace to tomato industrial production worldwide over the past century. Three groups were newly isolated from TYLCV-resistant tomatoes in 2022; however, their functions are unknown.

Emergence of Asian endemic begomoviruses as a pandemic threat.

Plant viruses are responsible for the most devastating and commercially significant plant diseases, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. The genus is the largest one in the family with a single-stranded DNA genome, either monopartite or bipartite. Begomoviruses are transmitted by insect vectors, such as .

Enhancing neutralizing activity against influenza H1N1/PR8 by engineering a single-domain VL-M2 specific into a bivalent form.

Flu disease, with high mortality and morbidity, is caused by the influenza virus. Influenza infections are most effectively prevented through vaccination, but it requires annual reformulation due to the antigenic shift or drift of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase proteins. Increasing resistance to available anti-influenza drugs was also recently reported.

A Novel Approach of Antiviral Drugs Targeting Viral Genomes.

Outbreaks of viral diseases, which cause morbidity and mortality in animals and humans, are increasing annually worldwide. Vaccines, antiviral drugs, and antibody therapeutics are the most effective tools for combating viral infection. The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, in particular, raises an urgent need for the development of rapid and broad-spectrum therapeutics.

Identification of a Novel Geminivirus in in Korea.

, common name ash, belongs to the family and is found in China, Korea, North America, the Indian subcontinent, and eastern Russia. It has been used as a traditional herbal medicine in Korea and various parts of the world due to its chemical constituents. During a field survey in March 2019, mild vein thickening (almost negligible) was observed in a few ash trees.

Nanovirus Disease Complexes: An Emerging Threat in the Modern Era.

Multipartite viruses package their genomic segments independently and mainly infect plants; few target animals. is a family of multipartite single-stranded DNA plant viruses that individually encapsidate single-stranded DNAs of approximately 1 kb and transmit them through aphids without replication in the aphid vectors, thereby causing important diseases of leguminous crops and banana. Significant findings regarding nanoviruses have recently been made on important features, such as their multicellular way of life, the transmission of distinct encapsidated genome segments through the vector body, evolutionary ambiguities, mode of infection, host range and geographical distribution.

Rapid diagnosis of two marine viruses, red sea bream iridovirus and viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus by PCR combined with lateral flow assay.

Red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV) and Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV are the most important viral marine pathogens in South Korea because RSIV and VHSV infect and cause high mortality rates in major fish species such as and . These viruses can be transmitted both vertically and horizontally, and early diagnosis is imperative. In this research, RSIV and VHSV viral genomes are detected by PCR-lateral flow assay (LFA).

Seed Transmission of Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus from Zucchini Squash in Italy.

(ToLCNDV) is a bipartite begomovirus affecting tomato cultivation on the Indian subcontinent. Recently, however, a new strain of the virus, named ToLCNDV-ES, has spread to Mediterranean countries such as Spain, Italy, and Tunisia, and occurred in Cucurbita crops, causing economic damage. Although ToLCNDV is spread by the sweet potato whitefly (), like other begomoviruses, it has not been clear how ToLCNDV suddenly spread from the Indian subcontinent to the Mediterranean region.

A novel huperzine A-producing endophytic fungus Fusarium sp. Rsp5.2 isolated from Huperzia serrate.

The isolation, identification and characterization of a novel huperzine A (HupA)-producing fungal strain Rsp5.2 isolated from Huperzia serrata (Thunb. ex Murray) Trev.

Isolation of endophytic fungi and screening of Huperzine A-producing fungus from Huperzia serrata in Vietnam.

Huperzine A (HupA), a natural Lycopodium alkaloid derived from Huperzia serrata (Thunb. ex Murray) Trev. plants, is a highly active acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and a key compound used for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Antimicrobial resistance gene expression associated with multidrug resistant Salmonella spp. isolated from retail meat in Hanoi, Vietnam.

The purpose of this study was to further characterize the multi-antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic resistance gene expression associated with multi-drug resistance (MDR) in Salmonella spp. isolates from retail meats in Hanoi, Vietnam. A total of 14 Salmonella spp.

The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the indigenous I pig () in Vietnam.

Objective: The I pig is a long nurtured longstanding breed in Vietnam, and contains excellent indigenous genetic resources. However, after 1970s, I pig breeds have become a small population because of decreasing farming areas and increasing pressure from foreign breeds with a high growth rate. Thus, there is now the risk of the disappearance of the I pigs breed.

Potential effect of combined xenoestrogens during gestation stages on mouse offspring.

The synergistic effect of numerous environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has raised research concern among researchers. To extend previous studies, the measured additional potential interactions among bisphenol A (BPA), 4-nonylphenol (NP), 4-tert octylphenol (OP) and isobutylparaben (IBP) in mouse model were observed. Pregnant Swiss-albino mice were treated with binary combined chemicals (5, 50 or 500 mg kg(-1) b.

A Simple, Single Triplex PCR of IS6110, IS1081, and 23S Ribosomal DNA Targets, Developed for Rapid Detection and Discrimination of Mycobacterium from Clinical Samples.

Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common mycobacterial infection in developing countries, requiring a rapid, accurate, and well-differentiated detection/diagnosis. For the rapid detection and discrimination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) from nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), a novel, simple, and primer-combined single-step multiplex PCR using three primer pairs (6110F-6110R, 1081F-1081R, and 23SF-23SR; annealing on each of IS6110, IS1081, and 23S rDNA targets), hereafter referred to as a triplex PCR, has been developed and evaluated. The expected product for IS6110 is 416 bp, for IS1081 is 300 bp, and for 23S rDNA is 206 bp by single PCR, which was used to verify the specificity of primers and the identity of MTC using DNA extracted from the M.