MicroRNAs in Pancreatic Cancer: Advances in Biomarker Discovery and Therapeutic Implications.

Pancreatic cancer remains a formidable malignancy characterized by high mortality rates, primarily attributable to late-stage diagnosis and a dearth of effective therapeutic interventions. The identification of reliable biomarkers holds paramount importance in enhancing early detection, prognostic evaluation, and targeted treatment modalities. Small non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs, have emerged as promising candidates for pancreatic cancer biomarkers in recent years.

Ultrasonication of Milk Decreases the Content of Exosomes and MicroRNAs in an Exosome-Defined Rodent Diet.

Background: Bovine milk exosomes (BMEs) harbor regulatory proteins, lipids, and microRNAs. Consumption of an exosome- and RNA-depleted (ERD) diet elicited phenotypes compared with controls fed an exosome- and RNA-sufficient (ERS) diet in mice. All other ingredients were identical in the diets.

Isolation of extracellular vesicles from byproducts of cheesemaking by tangential flow filtration yields heterogeneous fractions of nanoparticles.

Extracellular vesicles (EV) in milk, particularly exosomes, have attracted considerable attention as bioactive food compounds and for their use in drug delivery. The utility of small EV in milk (sMEV) as an animal feed additive and in drug delivery would be enhanced by cost-effective large-scale protocols for the enrichment of sMEV from byproducts in dairy plants. Here, we tested the hypothesis that sMEV may be enriched from byproducts of cheesemaking by tangential flow filtration (EV-FF) and that the sMEV have properties similar to sMEV prepared by ultracentrifugation (sMEV-UC).

Identification of anti-inflammatory vesicle-like nanoparticles in honey.

Honey has been used as a nutrient, an ointment, and a medicine worldwide for many centuries. Modern research has demonstrated that honey has many medicinal properties, reflected in its anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory bioactivities. Honey is composed of sugars, water and a myriad of minor components, including minerals, vitamins, proteins and polyphenols.

Four new phenolic compounds from the fruit of (Cornaceae) and their anti-inflammatory activity in RAW 264.7 cells.

Using various chromatographic methods, four new phenolics, coroffesters A-D () were isolated from the fruit of (Cornaceae). Their structures () were elucidated unambiguously by spectroscopic methods such as one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (1 D- and 2 D-NMR) spectroscopy and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS). The anti-inflammatory activity of the isolated compounds was also evaluated.

Draft Genome Sequence of Desulfocarbo indianensis SCBM, a New Genus of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria, Isolated from Water Extracted from an Active Coalbed Methane Gas Well.

We used Illumina MiSeq technology to sequence the whole genome of Desulfocarbo indianensis SCBM, a new genus of sulfate-reducing bacteria isolated from a coal bed in Indiana, USA. This draft genome represents the first sequenced genome of the genus Desulfocarbo and the second known genome of the order Desulfarculales.

Desulfuromonas carbonis sp. nov., an Fe(III)-, S0- and Mn(IV)-reducing bacterium isolated from an active coalbed methane gas well.

A novel, mesophilic, obligately anaerobic, acetate-oxidizing, dissimilatory iron-, sulfur-, and manganese-reducing bacterium, designated strain ICBM(T), was obtained from an active, coalbed methane gas well in Indiana, USA. Strain ICBM(T) was a Gram-stain-negative, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, non-motile bacterium that was rich in c-type cytochromes and formed red colonies in solid medium. Strain ICBM(T) conserved energy to support growth from the oxidation of acetate, propionate, pyruvate, malate, fumarate, succinate and dl-lactate, concomitant with dissimilatory iron reduction.

Desulfocarbo indianensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a benzoate-oxidizing, sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from water extracted from a coal bed.

A novel, strictly anaerobic, sulfate-reducing bacterium, designated strain SCBM(T), was isolated from water extracted from a coal bed in Indiana, USA. The isolate was characterized by a polyphasic taxonomic approach that included phenotypic and genotypic characterizations. Cells of strain SCBM(T) were vibrio-shaped, polarly flagellated, Gram-negative, motile, oxidase-negative and weakly catalase-positive.