Electrochemical sensing of lactate by using an electrode modified with molecularly imprinted polymers, reduced graphene oxide and gold nanoparticles.

This paper reports on a sensitive and selective electrochemical sensor for lactic acid. The sensor is based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP), obtained on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with reduced graphene oxide and gold nanoparticles. The MIP was obtained by electropolymerization of the o-phenylenediamine (o-PD) on the modified surface of the GCE in the presence of lactic acid.

A simple and fast method to determine water content in biodiesel by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.

In this paper, a fast, simple and new alternative method for determination of water content (moisture) in biodiesel using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is developed. The method is based on the sensitive variation of the charge transfer resistance (R) of the biodiesel medium in the presence of different quantities of water. To obtain an accurate analytical measurement, a pre-treatment based on a simple dilution by acetonitrile is employed.

Application of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy: A phase behavior study of babassu biodiesel-based microemulsions.

Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable systems of two immiscible liquids, one aqueous and the other of organic nature, with a surfactant and/or co-surfactant adsorbed in the interface between the two phases. Biodiesel-based microemulsions, consisting of alkyl esters of fatty acids, open a new means of analysis for the application of electroanalytical techniques, and is advantageous as it eliminates the required pre-treatment of a sample. In this work, the phase behaviours of biodiesel-based microemulsions were investigated through the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique.