Parathyroid near-infrared autofluorescence use for parathyroidectomy in mild primary hyperparathyroidism: Results from a randomized monocentric trial.

Background: Multiglandular parathyroid disease, which is particularly frequent in patients with mild primary hyperparathyroidism, is a surgical challenge requiring bilateral cervicotomy with 4-gland exploration. Near-infrared autofluorescence of the parathyroid is increasingly used to prevent hypocalcemia after total thyroidectomy. However, its utility in decreasing operating time and aiding parathyroid identification during bilateral 4-gland exploration remains debated.

Immediate vs. culture-initiated antibiotic therapy in suspected non-severe ventilator-associated pneumonia: a before-after study (DELAVAP).

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the leading nosocomial infection in critical care and is associated with adverse outcomes. When VAP is suspected, starting antibiotic therapy (AT) immediately after pulmonary sampling may expose uninfected patients to unnecessary treatment, whereas waiting for bacteriological confirmation may delay AT in infected patients. As no robust data exist to choose between these strategies, the decision must balance the pre-test diagnostic probability, clinical severity, and risk of antimicrobial resistance.

Impact of emergency physician performed ultrasound in the evaluation of adult patients with acute abdominal pain: a prospective randomized bicentric trial.

Background: Abdominal pain is common in patients visiting the emergency department (ED). The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic contribution of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in patients presenting to the ED with acute abdominal pain.

Methods: We designed an interventional randomized, controlled, open label, parallel-group, trial in two French EDs.

Covid-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis in mechanically ventilated patients: incidence and outcome in a French multicenter observational cohort (APICOVID).

Background: Recent studies identified coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a risk factor for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) but produced conflicting data on IPA incidence and impact on patient outcomes. We aimed to determine the incidence and outcomes of COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) in mechanically ventilated patients.

Methods: We performed a multicenter retrospective observational cohort study in consecutive adults admitted to 15 French intensive care units (ICUs) in 2020 for COVID-19 requiring mechanical ventilation.

Impact of dupilumab on patch test results and allergic contact dermatitis: A prospective multicenter study.

Background: Limited and conflicting data have been reported on the impact of dupilumab (DUPI) on patch test (PT) results and its efficacy against allergic contact dermatitis (ACD).

Objective: This study was undertaken to analyze PT reactivities and relevance during treatment with DUPI to determine whether they could detect ACD in patients with uncontrolled or worsened atopic dermatitis (AD) who were receiving this agent.

Methods: This prospective, multicenter study examined 76 DUPI-treated patients who had undergone PTs.

Complications and risk factors on midline catheters' follow-up about non-ICU patients: study protocol for a multicentre observational study (the midDATA study).

Introduction: The midline catheter (MC) is an increasingly popular device used commonly for patients with difficult venous access or those who require infusion for more than 6 days. Little is known about complications such as infection, thrombosis or occlusion for inpatient and home care patient. This protocol presents the follow-up of non-intensive care unit patients with an MC.

A comparative study of three-dimensional cone-beam CT sialography and MR sialography for the detection of non-tumorous salivary pathologies.

Background: Imaging of the salivary ductal system is relevant prior to an endoscopic or a surgical procedure. Various imaging modalities can be used for this purpose. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic capability of three-dimensional (3D)-cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) sialography versus magnetic resonance (MR) sialography in non-tumorous salivary pathologies.

Association between radiographic and functional outcome in vertebral osteomyelitis SPONDIMMO, a 6-month prospective multicenter cohort.

Objectives: This study aimed to describe radiographic and functional evolution over 6 months in a large cohort of VO patients.

Methods: We prospectively recruited patients with VO from 2016 to 2019 in 11 French centers. X-rays were performed at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months to assess progression using structural and static criteria.

Association of early dexamethasone therapy with mortality in critically Ill COVID-19 patients: a French multicenter study.

Background: Dexamethasone is recommended for COVID-19 patients who require oxygen therapy. However, its effectiveness in reducing mortality and intubation, and its safety, remain debated. We aimed to investigate whether dexamethasone reduces day-28 mortality in unselected patients with critical COVID-19.

Outcomes of mild-to-moderate postresuscitation shock after non-shockable cardiac arrest and association with temperature management: a post hoc analysis of HYPERION trial data.

Background: Outcomes of postresuscitation shock after cardiac arrest can be affected by targeted temperature management (TTM). A post hoc analysis of the "TTM1 trial" suggested higher mortality with hypothermia at 33 °C. We performed a post hoc analysis of HYPERION trial data to assess potential associations linking postresuscitation shock after non-shockable cardiac arrest to hypothermia at 33 °C on favourable functional outcome.

Functional and Survival Outcomes of Patients following the Harrington Procedure for Complex Acetabular Metastatic Lesions.

Background: The Harrington surgical technique makes it possible to manage complex, extensive bone lesions using pins and cement to consolidate bone for acetabular cup positioning. However, it may be associated with a high reoperation rate, and the functional results of this surgery are not precisely described in the literature.

Methods: In a monocentric retrospective study including all patients operated on using the Harrington procedure associated with THA between 2005 and 2020, we aimed to assess preoperative and postoperative function, reoperation-free survival, and overall survival.

Spine immobilization and neurological outcome in vertebral osteomyelitis SPONDIMMO, a prospective multicentric cohort.

Objective: The aim of our study was to describe spine immobilization in a multicentric cohort of vertebral osteomyelitis (VO), and evaluate its association with neurological complications during follow-up.

Methods: We prospectively included patients from 2016 to 2019 in 11 centers. Immobilization, imaging, and neurological findings were specifically analyzed during a 6-month follow-up period.

Preterm Birth and Small-for-Gestational Age Neonates among Prepregnancy Underweight Women: A Case-Controlled Study.

The aim of our study was to investigate whether prepregnancy underweight body mass index (BMI) is associated with preterm birth (PTB) and small-for-gestational age (SGA). This retrospective case-control study included 814 women with live singleton fetuses in vertex presentation that gave birth between January 2016 and November 2016 in two tertiary care hospitals. The study group ( = 407) comprised all women whose prepregnancy BMI was underweight (<18.

Etiological Work-Up for Adults with Bronchiectasis: A Predictive Diagnostic Score for Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia and Cystic Fibrosis.

Background: etiological investigations are not done for all adult patients with bronchiectasis because of the availability and interpretation of tests. The aim of the study was to elaborate a score to identify patients at high risk of having cystic fibrosis or primary ciliary dyskinesia (CF/PCD), which require appropriate management.

Methods: diagnostic work-ups were carried out on a French monocenter cohort, and results were subjected to logistic-regression analyses to identify the independent factors associated with CF/PCD diagnosis and, thereby, elaborate a score to validate in a second cohort.

Oxygen reserve index for non-invasive early hypoxemia detection during endotracheal intubation in intensive care: the prospective observational NESOI study.

Background: To evaluate the ability of the oxygen reserve index (ORI) to predict the occurrence of mild hypoxemia (defined as SpO  <  97%) during endotracheal intubation (ETI) of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: This observational single-centre study included patients without hypoxemia (defined as SpO/FiO  >  214) who required ETI in the ICU. Patients were followed during preoxygenation and ETI then until hospital discharge and/or day 28.

Comparison of four channelled videolaryngoscopes to Macintosh laryngoscope for simulated intubation of critically ill patients: the randomized MACMAN2 trial.

Background: Videolaryngoscopes with an operating channel may improve the intubation success rate in critically ill patients. We aimed to compare four channelled videolaryngoscopes to the Macintosh laryngoscope used for intubation of a high-fidelity simulation mannikin, in a scenario that simulated critical illness due to acute respiratory failure.

Results: Of the 79 residents who participated, 54 were considered inexperienced with orotracheal intubation.

Pharmacokinetics and Safety of XAV-19, a Swine Glyco-humanized Polyclonal Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibody, for COVID-19-Related Moderate Pneumonia: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase IIa Study.

We assessed the pharmacokinetics and safety of XAV-19, a swine glyco-humanized polyclonal antibody against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related moderate pneumonia. The objective was to evaluate the optimal dose and safety of XAV-19 during this first administration to patients with COVID-19-related moderate pneumonia. In this phase IIa trial, adults with COVID-19-related moderate pneumonia with a duration of ≤10 days were randomized to receive an infusion of XAV-19 at 0.

Impact of early nutrition route in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Early nutrition management in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) remains controversial. Despite its potentially beneficial effect, enteral nutrition (EN) could be associated with gastrointestinal (GI) complications. Total daily energy requirements remain difficult to achieve with ECMO support.

Evaluation of the impact of HMS Plus on postoperative blood loss compared with ACT Plus in cardiac surgery.

Background: The standardized management of anticoagulation during the cardiopulmonary bypass seems inaccurate because of patients and surgeries variability. This study evaluates if an individualized management of heparin and protamine guided by the HMS Plus system during cardiopulmonary bypass could reduce postoperative blood loss.

Methods: We conducted a prospective, controlled, unblinded, single-center study.

Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of XAV-19 in patients with COVID-19-induced moderate pneumonia: study protocol for a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled phase 2 (2a and 2b) trial.

Background: Early inhibition of entry and replication of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a very promising therapeutic approach. Polyclonal neutralizing antibodies offers many advantages such as providing immediate immunity, consequently blunting an early pro-inflammatory pathogenic endogenous antibody response and lack of drug-drug interactions. By providing immediate immunity and inhibiting entry into cells, neutralizing antibody treatment is of interest for patient with COVID-19-induced moderate pneumonia.

Predictors of negative first SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR despite final diagnosis of COVID-19 and association with outcome.

Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing is an important tool for diagnosing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, performance concerns have emerged recently, notably regarding sensitivity. We hypothesized that the clinical, biological, and radiological characteristics of patients with a false-negative first RT-PCR test and a final diagnosis of COVID-19 might differ from those of patients with a positive first RT-PCR test.

Effect of Early Targeted Treatment of Ductus Arteriosus with Ibuprofen on Survival Without Cerebral Palsy at 2 Years in Infants with Extreme Prematurity: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: To examine the effects of early echocardiography-targeted ibuprofen treatment of large patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) on survival without cerebral palsy at 24 months of corrected age.

Study Design: We enrolled infants born at <28 weeks of gestation with a large PDA on echocardiography at 6-12 hours after birth to ibuprofen or placebo by 12 hours of age in a multicenter, double blind, randomized-controlled trial. Open-label ibuprofen was allowed for prespecified criteria of a hemodynamically significant PDA.