First Case of Infective Endocarditis With Streptococcus equinus in an Immunocompetent Patient in North America: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Infective endocarditis (IE) can be caused by bacterial or fungal infections invading the endocardial surface of the heart, such as its valves and chambers. and species are mainly responsible for IE. () has been rarely noted to cause IE.

A simple test-based frailty index to predict survival among cancer patients with an unplanned hospitalization: An observational cohort study.

Background: Frailty is a state of increased vulnerability to stressors, and predicts risk of adverse outcomes, such as mortality. Frailty can be defined by a frailty index (FI) using an accumulation of deficits approach. An FI comprised of 20 items derived from our previously studied test-based frailty index (TBFI) and an additional 33 survey-based elements sourced from the standard CGA was developed to evaluate if predictive validity of survival was improved.

A Multi-Center Retrospective Analysis Examining the Effect of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors on Progression-Free Survival in Patients With Prostate Cancer.

Background Cluster of differentiation 26/dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) is a cell surface glycoprotein with multifaceted roles, including immune regulation, glucose metabolism, and tumorigenesis. Recent literature has identified DPP4 inhibitors to improve survival in diabetic patients with prostate cancer. DPP4 inhibitors have been proposed to play a role in prostate cancer, as DPP4 is found at higher levels in malignant prostate tissue compared to benign and correlates with PSA levels and cancer stage.

Cancer Treatment Response to Checkpoint Inhibitors Is Associated with Cytomegalovirus Infection.

Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) checkpoint inhibitors induce tumor response by activating the patient's own immune system to fight cancer. Tumors with high tumor mutational burden or those that express high levels of PD-1/PD-L1 are more responsive to PD1/PDL1 inhibitors. There is much interest in determining how to improve response to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

Cancer Genes Mutations in Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma: A Case Report.

Benign metastasizing leiomyoma is a very uncommon clinicopathologic entity with unknown molecular pathogenesis. We present a case of a 40-year-old woman who has a history of surgical resection of a large uterine leiomyoma and then subsequently presented with benign metastasizing leiomyomas to her lungs. Due to her tumor being estrogen receptor (ER) positive and progesterone receptor (PR) positive, she was empirically treated with anastrozole with sustained clinical benefit.

Analysis of Overall Survival in Patients With Multiple Primary Malignancies: A Single-center Experience.

Introduction Multiple primary malignancies (MPMs) are seen in ~5% of all tumors. The aim of this study was to determine the quantitative impact on overall survival (OS) and treatment choices in patients with MPMs. Methods A retrospective analysis to determine patients with MPMs was conducted over a six-year period.

Colovesical Fistula As An Uncommon Presentation Of Metastatic Lung Cancer.

Colovesical fistula is an atypical communication between the colon and the bladder. The most common causes of colovesical fistula are diverticulitis, inflammatory bowel disease, lymphoma and complication from radiation therapy. Patients with colovesical fistula present with recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI), dysuria, frequency, abdominal pain, pneumaturia, faecaluria, and hematuria.

Stereotactic body radiation therapy for the treatment of oligoprogression on androgen receptor targeted therapy in castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Castration-resistant prostate cancer is an incurable disease. To date, six agents-abiraterone, enzalutamide, docetaxel, cabazitaxel, radium-223 and sipuleucel-T- have shown clinical efficacy in phase III clinical trials, leading to their FDA approval. Patients are typically sequenced through most or all of these agents, and then eventually succumb to their disease.

Rhabdomyolysis as a rare paraneoplastic presentation of acute myeloid leukemia.

We present the case of a 56-year-old man who presented with rhabdomyolysis and was found to have acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Our case is the first to show an association of rhabdomyolysis with AML. Although rhabdomyolysis is likely a very rare clinical presentation of AML, our case raises awareness for workup for AML in patients who present with rhabdomyolysis and other suspicious findings.

A Novel Case of Penile Gangrene in a Patient Treated with Ibrutinib for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.

. Ibrutinib is commonly used for the treatment of patients with CLL in either first-line or relapsed/refractory settings. .

Low Grade Lymphoma Mimicking Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: When Do We Need Further Histologic Staging?

Patients with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder often present with metastases to regional lymph nodes, with lymphadenopathy on physical examination or radiographic imaging. We present the case of a 73-year-old Caucasian man with presumed metastatic urothelial carcinoma of the bladder to regional pelvic and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. He underwent systemic chemotherapy for treatment of urothelial carcinoma and was discovered on restaging to have findings suggestive of disease progression but ultimately was found to have a concurrent secondary malignancy.

Displacement of the Spleen Mimicking Renal Cell Cancer Recurrence Post-Nephrectomy: A Case Report.

Local regional recurrence of renal cell cancer post-nephrectomy most often occurs within three years after surgery. Post-nephrectomy, many processes may mimic RCC recurrence. We present the case of a 75 year-old Caucasian male patient with a mass in his renal fossa post-nephrectomy for renal cell cancer, suggesting local recurrence.