High-risk patients with differentiated thyroid cancer T4 primary tumors achieve remnant ablation equally well using rhTSH or thyroid hormone withdrawal.

Background: Few data exist on using thyrotropin alfa (recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone [rhTSH]) with radioiodine for thyroid remnant ablation of patients who have T4 primary tumors (invasion beyond the thyroid capsule).

Methods: A retrospective chart review protocol at nine centers in Europe was set up with special waiver of need for informed consent, along with a careful procedure to avoid selection bias when enrolling patients into the database. Data on 144 eligible patients with T4 tumors were collected (T4, N0-1, M0-1; mean age 49.

Lesion dose in differentiated thyroid carcinoma metastases after rhTSH or thyroid hormone withdrawal: 124I PET/CT dosimetric comparisons.

Purpose: Renal radioiodine excretion is ~50% faster during euthyroidism versus hypothyroidism. We therefore sought to assess lesion dose/GBq of administered 131I activity (LDpA) in iodine-avid metastases (IAM) of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) in athyreotic patients after recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone (rhTSH) versus after thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW).

Methods: We retrospectively compared mean LDpA between groups of consecutive patients (N=63) receiving 124I positron emission tomography/computed tomography (124I PET/CT) aided by rhTSH (n=27) or THW (n=36); we prospectively compared LDpA after these stimulation methods within another individual.

Oncofetal fibronectin mRNA is highly abundant in the blood of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma and correlates with high-serum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels.

Background: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cells express oncofetal fibronectin (onfFN) mRNA, which may be useful to detect circulating tumor cells. The objective of this study was to determine the fraction of PTC patients having onfFN mRNA in their peripheral blood and to determine if onfFN mRNA levels are correlated with the status of the disease or with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) serum concentrations.

Methods: This study included 95 PTC patients, who were previously treated by thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine administration.

In vitro experimental (211)At-anti-CD33 antibody therapy of leukaemia cells overcomes cellular resistance seen in vivo against gemtuzumab ozogamicin.

Purpose: Monoclonal anti-CD33 antibodies conjugated with toxic calicheamicin derivative (gemtuzumab ozogamicin, GO) are a novel therapy option for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Key prognostic factors for patients with AML are high CD33 expression on the leukaemic cells and the ability to overcome mechanisms of resistance to cytotoxic chemotherapies, including drug efflux or other mechanisms decreasing apoptosis. Alpha particle-emitting radionuclides overwhelm such anti-apoptotic mechanisms by producing numerous DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) accompanied by decreased DNA repair.

Oncogenic osteomalacia: exact tumor localization by co-registration of positron emission and computed tomography.

Unlabelled: In oncogenic osteomalacia, the causative tumor is almost always difficult to find. A novel diagnostic approach is presented that facilitates a precise and rapid localization of the associated lesion by PET-CT co-registration using the radiotracer (68)Ga-DOTANOC.

Introduction: Oncogenic osteomalacia (OOM) is an uncommon disorder characterized by hyperphosphaturia, hypophosphatemia, decreased vitamin D(3) serum levels, and osteomalacia.

Effective cancer therapy with the alpha-particle emitter [211At]astatine in a mouse model of genetically modified sodium/iodide symporter-expressing tumors.

Purpose: The sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) gene is currently explored in several trials to eradicate experimental cancer with radiodine ((131)I) by its beta-emission. We recently characterized NIS-specific cellular uptake of an alternative halide, radioastatine ((211)At), which emits high-energy alpha-particles. The aim of this study was to investigate in vivo effects of the high linear energy transfer (LET) emitter (211)At on tumor growth and outcome in nude mice.