Transesophageal NOTES--a critical analysis of relevant problems.

The transesophageal access route has not become a principal topic in the discussion about NOTES up to now. Analyzing the problems in this new field of surgery, however, the transesophageal route shows high relevance. Here, all possibilities, limitations, and problems of NOTES become obvious.

Simultaneous adrenal and extra-adrenal myelolipoma - an uncommon incident: case report and review of the literature.

Background: Extra-adrenal myelolipomas are rare benign tumours. Other soft tissue tumours such as well-differentiated liposarcomas appear morphological almost identical. Preoperative imaging and especially biopsy are important tools to diagnose these lesions.

Minimizing oxidative stress by gene delivery of superoxide dismutase accelerates regeneration after transplantation of reduced-size livers in the rat.

Transplantation of reduced-size livers may lead to a hypermetabolic state and increased production of oxygen radicals. Since oxygen radicals may cause liver injury and impair liver regeneration, we tested the hypothesis that overexpression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in reduced-size livers (RSL) would accelerate regeneration and reduce injury in a rat model of transplantation of RSL. Donor rats were infected with adenoviruses either expressing SOD1 (Ad.

Arterial reconstruction in rat liver transplantation--development of a new tubing technique of the common hepatic artery.

Arterialization of liver transplants in rats results in an improved function compared with grafts without artery. Here we compared techniques of reconstruction, focusing on thrombosis, duration of procedure and severity of pancreas damage after dissecting the gastroduodenal artery (GDA). Group 1: tube was inserted into the proper hepatic artery (PHA) of donor and recipient.

C1-inhibitor reduces hepatic leukocyte-endothelial interaction and the expression of VCAM-1 in LPS-induced sepsis in the rat.

Introduction: Increased leukocyte-endothelial interaction (LEI) leading to hepatic microperfusion disorders is proposed as major contributor for hepatic failure during sepsis. Recently it has been demonstrated that complement inhibition by C1-inhibitor (C1-INH) is an effective treatment against microcirculatory disturbances in various diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of C1-INH on microcirculation and LEI in the liver in a rat model of sepsis.

Effects of three superoxide dismutase genes delivered with an adenovirus on graft function after transplantation of fatty livers in the rat.

Background: Oxygen-derived free radicals play a central role in ischemia/reperfusion injury after organ transplantation and are degraded by endogenous radical scavengers such as superoxide dismutase (SOD). Overexpression of SOD by delivery of the cytosolic SOD gene with an adenovirus (Ad.SOD1) decreases organ injury and increases survival in a rat model of liver transplantation.