A low dietary sodium dose is associated with a more pronounced aldosterone response in normotensive than in hypertensive individuals.

In this comprehensive meta-regression analysis encompassing 79 randomized controlled trials, we observed that in populations assigned to a high sodium intake level exceeding 94 mmol, there was no discernible link between plasma aldosterone levels and sodium intake. However, among populations with normal blood pressure subjected to a lower sodium intake, falling below 111 mmol (N = 1544), the association between sodium intake and plasma aldosterone levels manifested as a decrease of 192 pg/ml per 100 mmol of sodium (95% CI - 303 to - 81). In hypertensive populations (N = 1145), this association was less pronounced, with a reduction of 46 pg/ml per 100 mmol sodium, (95% CI - 112 to 20).

PSMA-Positive Low Malignant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor in the Stomach on F-18-PSMA-1007 PET/CT.

A 76-year-old man with newly diagnosed high-risk prostate cancer was referred for primary staging with F-18-PSMA-1007 PET/CT. The PET/CT scan showed no lymph node or bone metastases, only localized disease within the prostate gland. Additionally, the F-18-PSMA PET/CT scan showed a PSMA-positive lesion correlating to a polyp located in the body of the stomach on the greater curvature.

Influence of sodium intake and change in sodium intake on plasma-renin in man.

Background: Low sodium intake stimulates the production and activity of renin. The aim is to analyse the association between a large range of sodium intake and the plasma renin activity (PRA).

Methods: We performed electronic searches for articles published between January 1st 1946 and March 18th 2020 and updated on January 21st 2021.

Effects of low sodium diet versus high sodium diet on blood pressure, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol, and triglyceride.

Background: Recent cohort studies show that salt intake below 6 g is associated with increased mortality. These findings have not changed public recommendations to lower salt intake below 6 g, which are based on assumed blood pressure (BP) effects and no side-effects.

Objectives: To assess the effects of sodium reduction on BP, and on potential side-effects (hormones and lipids) SEARCH METHODS: The Cochrane Hypertension Information Specialist searched the following databases for randomized controlled trials up to April 2018 and a top-up search in March 2020: the Cochrane Hypertension Specialised Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE (from 1946), Embase (from 1974), the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and ClinicalTrials.

Different Original and Biosimilar TNF Inhibitors Similarly Reduce Joint Destruction in Rheumatoid Arthritis-A Network Meta-Analysis of 36 Randomized Controlled Trials.

The effect of five approved tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi: infliximab, etanercept, adalimumab, certolizumab, and golimumab) on joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been compared versus methotrexate (MTX) in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) but have not been compared directly to each other or to an otherwise untreated placebo control. The present analysis compares effects of standard doses, high doses, and low doses of TNFis on radiographic joint destruction in RA and relate these effects to MTX and placebo by means of a Bayesian network meta-analysis. We identified 31 RCTs of the effect of TNFis on joint destruction and 5 RCTs with controls, which indirectly could link otherwise untreated placebo controls to the TNFi treatments in the network.

Dose-response relation between dietary sodium and blood pressure: a meta-regression analysis of 133 randomized controlled trials.

Background: The projected reduced mortality effect of reduced sodium intake in model-based studies conflicts with the observed increased mortality associated with low sodium intake in population studies. This may reflect an overestimation of the dose-response relation between sodium reduction (SR) and blood pressure (BP) used in mortality modeling studies.

Objectives: The present meta-regression analysis sought to estimate the dose-response relations between SR and BP in study groups with mean BP above or below the 75th percentile of the general population.

Effects of low sodium diet versus high sodium diet on blood pressure, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol, and triglyceride.

Background: In spite of more than 100 years of investigations the question of whether a reduced sodium intake improves health is still unsolved.

Objectives: To estimate the effects of low sodium intake versus high sodium intake on systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), plasma or serum levels of renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglycerides.

Search Methods: The Cochrane Hypertension Information Specialist searched the following databases for randomized controlled trials up to March 2016: the Cochrane Hypertension Specialised Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (2016, Issue 3), MEDLINE (from 1946), Embase (from 1974), the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and ClinicalTrials.

Reduced Dietary Sodium Intake Increases Heart Rate. A Meta-Analysis of 63 Randomized Controlled Trials Including 72 Study Populations.

Reduced dietary sodium intake (sodium reduction) increases heart rate in some studies of animals and humans. As heart rate is independently associated with the development of heart failure and increased risk of premature death a potential increase in heart rate could be a harmful side-effect of sodium reduction. The purpose of the present meta-analysis was to investigate the effect of sodium reduction on heart rate.

Combination Therapy With and Without Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials.

Objective: The costs of biologic treatment per patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are approximately 100 times the costs of treatment with a combination of conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Despite this, biologic agents have not been proven superior. We compared the effects of combination DMARD therapies with and without biologic agents as therapy for patients with RA.

The significance of duration and amount of sodium reduction intervention in normotensive and hypertensive individuals: a meta-analysis.

The purpose of this meta-analysis was to establish the time for achievement of maximal blood pressure (BP) efficacy of a sodium reduction (SR) intervention and the relation between the amount of SR and the BP response in individuals with hypertension and normal BP. Relevant studies were retrieved from a pool of 167 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in the period 1973-2010 and integrated in meta-analyses. Fifteen relevant RCTs were included in the maximal efficacy analysis.

Effect of combination therapy on joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Despite significant cost differences, the comparative effect of combination treatments of disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) with and without biologic agents has rarely been examined. Thus we performed a network meta-analysis on the effect of combination therapies on progression of radiographic joint erosions in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods And Findings: The following combination drug therapies compared versus single DMARD were investigated: Double DMARD: 2 DMARDs (methotrexate, sulfasalazine, leflunomide, injectable gold, cyclosporine, chloroquine, azathioprin, penicillamin) or 1 DMARD plus low dose glucocorticoid (LDGC); triple DMARD: 3 DMARDs or 2 DMARDs plus LDGC; biologic combination: 1 DMARD plus biologic agent (tumor necrosis factor α inhibitor (TNFi) or abatacept or tocilizumab or CD20 inhibitor (CD20i)).

Effects of low sodium diet versus high sodium diet on blood pressure, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol, and triglyceride.

Background: In spite of more than 100 years of investigations the question of reduced sodium intake as a health prophylaxis initiative is still unsolved.

Objectives: To estimate the effects of low sodium versus high sodium intake on systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), plasma or serum levels of renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglycerides.

Search Methods: PUBMED, EMBASE and Cochrane Central and reference lists of relevant articles were searched from 1950 to July 2011.

Effects of low-sodium diet vs. high-sodium diet on blood pressure, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol, and triglyceride (Cochrane Review).

Background: The question of whether reduced sodium intake is effective as a health prophylaxis initiative is unsolved. The purpose was to estimate the effects of low-sodium vs. high-sodium intake on blood pressure (BP), renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, and lipids.