Proprietary non-animal stabilized hyaluronic acid/dextranomer gel (NASHA/Dx) for endoscopic treatment of grade IV vesicoureteral reflux: Long-term observational study.

Background: Since 1993, children aged >1 year with persistent grade III-V vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and febrile urinary tract infections (UTIs) attending Uppsala University Hospital have undergone endoscopic injection with proprietary non-animal stabilized hyaluronic acid/dextranomer gel (NASHA/Dx; Deflux®).

Objective: Investigate long-term incidence of UTI, bladder dysfunction, ureteral reimplantation and overall clinical findings following endoscopic injection of NASHA/Dx.

Study Design: Children with grade IV VUR diagnosed by voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) and dilating VUR persisting for >1 year were included in this study.

[Mediastinoscopy in Iceland: indications and surgical outcome].

Introduction: Mediastinoscopy is an important tool for staging lung cancer and evaluating mediastinal pathology. The objective of this retrospective study was to investigate the indications and safety of mediastinoscopy in a well defined cohort of patients.

Material And Methods: All patients that underwent mediastinoscopy in Iceland between 1983-2007 were included.