Smallholder farmers' challenges and opportunities: Implications for agricultural production, environment and food security.

In an era of growing environmental, socioeconomic, and market uncertainties, understanding the adaptive strategies of smallholder farmers is paramount for sustainable agricultural productivity and environmental management efforts. We adopted a mixed-methods approach to investigate the adaptive strategies of smallholders in Northwest Cambodia. Our methodology included downscaled climate projections to project future climate conditions and scenarios, household surveys to collect detailed demographic and socioeconomic data, crop monitoring and record-keeping to gather data on productivity and profitability, and semi-structured interviews to obtain qualitative insights on constraints and adaptation.

Evolving pathways towards water security in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta: An adaptive management perspective.

The interplay of climate change, upstream hydropower development, and local water engineering interventions for agricultural production contributes substantially to the transformation of waterscapes and water scarcity in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. This paper aims to examine how these dynamics are linked to the paradigm shift in water management in An Giang and Ben Tre, the two ecologically distinct provinces that face serious water scarcity in the delta. We used the adaptive management concept to examine how state-led policy directions from food security towards water security enable change in water management that gives priority to water retention.

Psychosocial treatments for nightmares in adults and children: a systematic review.

Background: As nightmares may be a risk factor for, or symptom of, multiple psychological disorders, some researchers suggest that nightmares should be screened, diagnosed, and treated. Treatments for nightmares include trauma-focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Image Rehearsal Therapy, and pharmacological interventions such as prazosin and nitrazepam. As recent research has put into question our current understanding of treatment efficacy, there is a need to systematically review findings related to the effectiveness of nightmare treatments to inform best practice.

Dysphagia and associated factors among patients with acute ischemic stroke in Vietnam.

Background: Dysphagia is considered an important issue in managing and treating acute stroke, but there are currently no studies investigating this issue, especially for patients with acute ischemic stroke in Vietnam. Thus, we conducted this study to determine the prevalence of dysphagia and associated factors of dysphagia in patients with acute ischemic stroke in Vietnam.

Materials And Methods: From June 2020 to January 2022, a cross-sectional study of patients with acute ischemic stroke was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Vietnam.

Social Memory in the Mekong's Changing Floodscapes: Narratives of Agrarian Communities' Adaptation.

Rural adaptation encompasses place-based perceptions, behaviors, livelihoods, and traditional ways of life associated with local environments. These perceptions, norms, and practices are disturbed by coupled environment-development externalities. This study employs the Vietnamese Mekong floodplains as an exemplary case to illustrate how floods impact agrarian communities and how they have experienced flood alterations driven by hydropower development and climate change in recent years.

The Contribution of Digital Health in the Response to Covid-19 in Vietnam.

Emerging from early of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has become one of the most serious health crisis globally. In response to such threat, a wide range of digital health applications has been deployed in Vietnam to strengthen surveillance, risk communication, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19. Digital health has brought enormous benefits to the fight against COVID-19, however, numerous constrains in digital health application remain.

Clinical characteristics and factors relating to poor outcome in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in Vietnam: A multicenter prospective cohort study.

Background: The prevalence of risk factors for poor outcomes from aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) varies widely and has not been fully elucidated to date in Vietnam. Understanding the risk and prognosis of aneurysmal SAH is important to reduce poor outcomes in Vietnam. The aim of this study, therefore, was to investigate the rate of poor outcome at 90 days of ictus and associated factors from aneurysmal SAH in the country.

Moving towards sustainable coastal adaptation: Analysis of hydrological drivers of saltwater intrusion in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta.

Coastal lowlands are of particular importance in providing food, shelter, and livelihoods for large populations; yet aggravating effects caused by human activities and climate change have exposed these areas to multiple challenges. Located in the southernmost part of the Lower Mekong Basin, the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD) is adversely affected by upstream hydropower development, localised water-engineering systems (dykes), climatic factors, and sea level rise. This paper examines how these drivers shape the adaptation strategies of rural communities in the coastal areas.

Successful management of severe diabetic ketoacidosis in a patient with type 2 diabetes with insulin allergy: a case report.

Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute, major, life-threatening complication of diabetes that requires immediate treatment. Allergic reaction to insulin is rare, especially when using recombinant human insulin. The clinical presentation of insulin allergy can range from minor local symptoms to a severe generalized allergic reaction such as anaphylaxis.

Effectiveness of Combined External Ventricular Drainage with Intraventricular Fibrinolysis for the Treatment of Intraventricular Haemorrhage with Acute Obstructive Hydrocephalus.

Background: Intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) patients with acute obstructive hydrocephalus (AOH) who require external ventricular drainage (EVD) are at high risk for poor outcomes. Intraventricular fibrinolysis (IVF) with low-dose recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) can be used to improve patient outcomes. Here, we evaluated the impact of IVF on the risk of death and the functional outcomes in IVH patients with AOH.

Spindle cell oncocytoma of adenohypophysis: Report of a case and immunohistochemical review of literature.

We present a case of spindle cell oncocytoma (SCO) of the adenohypophysis in a 70-year-old Vietnamese male. The patient was admitted to Cho Ray Hospital after suffering from headache and visual disturbance for 6 months. Clinicians detected a 60×55×45 mm(3) mass located in the suprasellar-sellar region.

Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid for the Treatment of Odontogenic Infections: A Randomised Study Comparing Efficacy and Tolerability versus Clindamycin.

Background. Treatment of odontogenic infections includes surgical drainage and adjunctive antibiotics. This study was designed to generate efficacy and safety data to support twice daily dosing of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid compared to clindamycin in odontogenic infections.

A rare case with a solitary fibrous tumour of the colon and an epithelioid angiomyolipoma of the kidney.

Solitary fibrous tumour is a soft tissue tumour composed of a subset of fibroblast-like cells and frequently needs immunohistochemical staining for final diagnosis. Epithelioid angiomyolipoma is a variant of angiomyolipoma but characterized by the absence of both adipocytes and abnormal blood vessels. We introduce a very rare case with the combination of these two tumours.

A multichannel system for continuous measurements of skin resistance and capacitance at acupuncture points.

Electrodermal screening (EDS) is based on three commonly held assumptions: acupuncture points (APs) have lower electrical resistance than non-APs; resistance at APs varies with health and disease; and effective acupuncture treatments are associated with normalization of resistance at APs. Although evidence confirming these assumptions is limited, EDS is frequently practiced worldwide. Researchers are also beginning to assess EDS' utility as an outcome measure in acupuncture trials.

An 8-channel skin impedance measurement system for acupuncture research.

An 8-channel skin impedance measurement system for acupuncture research has been developed. The underlying model of the skin used is a parallel R & C network. Pulses are used to measure the R and C values.

Diverse characteristics of the CagA gene of Helicobacter pylori strains collected from patients from southern vietnam with gastric cancer and peptic ulcer.

The pathogenesis of gastroduodenal diseases is related to the diversity of Helicobacter pylori strains. CagA-positive strains are more likely to cause gastric cancer than CagA-negative strains. Based on EPIYA (Glu-Pro-Ile-Tyr-Ala) motifs at the carboxyl terminus corresponding to phosphorylation sites, H.

Predicting imminent episodes of ventricular tachyarrhythmia--retrospective analysis of short R-R records from ICD.

A predictor of an imminent episode of ventricular tachyarrhythmia, namely ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation has been developed. It only uses R-R records. The previous work was based on long R-R records stored in the memory of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators.

Skin impedance measurements for acupuncture research: development of a continuous recording system.

Skin impedance at acupuncture points (APs) has been used as a diagnostic/therapeutic aid for more than 50 years. Currently, researchers are evaluating the electrophysiologic properties of APs as a possible means of understanding acupuncture's mechanism. To comprehensively assess the diagnostic, therapeutic and mechanistic implications of acupuncture point skin impedance, a device capable of reliably recording impedances from 100 kOmega to 50 MOmega at multiple APs over extended time periods is needed.

Geometric measures of Poincare plots for the detection of small sympathovagal shifts.

The Poincare plot has been a nonlinear tool for the analysis of heart rate variability. However, due to a lack of tools to quantitatively characterize the plots, the Poincare plot has been used visually only. One of the problems with a Poincare plot of a large number of R-R intervals has been the outliers.

24 hour ambulatory research system supporting multiple physiologic sensors.

The design and development of a 24-hour ambulatory physiological data collection system is reported. The system was designed specifically to support the needs of investigators studying mind-body interventions but could be used for a variety of research needs. The system is novel in that it supports a wide variety of physiologic sensors with a relatively high sample rate, full data storage, and standalone run-time of greater than 24 hours.

Real-time evaluation of spectral heart rate variability.

The most common spectral indices of heart rate variability are the powers in the high frequency (HF), low frequency (LF) and very low frequency (VLF) bands. These indices have typically been computed using Fourier transforms. In this paper we propose a multirate filtering approach that does not require that the initial R-R intervals be interpolated to a regular sampling grid.

Predicting imminent episodes of ventricular tachyarrhythmia using heart rate.

Background: A reliable predictor of an imminent episode of ventricular tachyarrhythmia that could be incorporated in an implantable defibrillator capable of preventive therapy would have important clinical utility.

Method: A test set of 208 R-R records saved by defibrillators spanning a mean of 1.6 hours before sustained tachyarrhythmia were used to derive criteria that would improve the specificity of the previously identified monotonic heart rate acceleration predictor.