Australians' perceptions of the potential effects of increased access to alcohol via autonomous delivery services: A multi-method study.

Introduction: Rapid technological change will affect how people access harmful products. For example, automated delivery services are forecast to provide fast and affordable product access options for those purchasing alcohol. Information about the potential impacts of such innovations on alcohol purchase and consumption behaviors is lacking.

Molecular response assessment using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in advanced solid tumors.

The therapeutic landscape for patients with advanced malignancies has changed dramatically over the last twenty years. The growing number of targeted therapies and immunotherapeutic options available have improved response rates and survival for a subset of patients, however determining which patients will experience clinical benefit from these therapies in order to avoid potential toxicities and reduce healthcare costs remains a clinical challenge. Cell-free circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is shed by tumor cells into systemic circulation and is already an integral part of routine clinical practice for the non-invasive tumor genotyping in advanced non-small cell lung cancer as well as other malignancies.

Uncovering the complex relationship between balding, testosterone and skin cancers in men.

Male-pattern baldness (MPB) is related to dysregulation of androgens such as testosterone. A previously observed relationship between MPB and skin cancer may be due to greater exposure to ultraviolet radiation or indicate a role for androgenic pathways in the pathogenesis of skin cancers. We dissected this relationship via Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses, using genetic data from recent male-only meta-analyses of cutaneous melanoma (12,232 cases; 20,566 controls) and keratinocyte cancers (KCs) (up to 17,512 cases; >100,000 controls), followed by stratified MR analysis by body-sites.

Improving Hypertension Control in the Black Patient Population: A Quality Improvement Study of Workflow Redesign Using the Electronic Health Record to Integrate Self-Monitoring, Education, and Reporting.

Background: Nearly half of American adults have hypertension (HTN), and non-Hispanic Black patients are diagnosed at a higher rate than others.

Local Problem: Our local clinic population reflected disproportionate rates of uncontrolled HTN among Black patients.

Methods: A quality improvement pre-/postintervention design was used to evaluate an educational intervention to reduce blood pressure (BP) and improve self-monitoring of BP in Black patients using the Chronic Care Model.

Integrating a tailored recurrent neural network with Bayesian experimental design to optimize microbial community functions.

Microbiomes interact dynamically with their environment to perform exploitable functions such as production of valuable metabolites and degradation of toxic metabolites for a wide range of applications in human health, agriculture, and environmental cleanup. Developing computational models to predict the key bacterial species and environmental factors to build and optimize such functions are crucial to accelerate microbial community engineering. However, there is an unknown web of interactions that determine the highly complex and dynamic behavior of these systems, which precludes the development of models based on known mechanisms.

An autoinhibited state of 53BP1 revealed by small molecule antagonists and protein engineering.

The recruitment of 53BP1 to chromatin, mediated by its recognition of histone H4 dimethylated at lysine 20 (H4K20me2), is important for DNA double-strand break repair. Using a series of small molecule antagonists, we demonstrate a conformational equilibrium between an open and a pre-existing lowly populated closed state of 53BP1 in which the H4K20me2 binding surface is buried at the interface between two interacting 53BP1 molecules. In cells, these antagonists inhibit the chromatin recruitment of wild type 53BP1, but do not affect 53BP1 variants unable to access the closed conformation despite preservation of the H4K20me2 binding site.

Body mass index on perinatal depression: A critical viewpoint.

I am pleased to submit a viewpoint titled "Body mass index on perinatal depression: A critical viewpoint" in response to an article by Ventriglio et al. titled, "The impact of body mass index on the pregnancy outcomes and risk of perinatal depression: Findings from a multicenter Italian study" for consideration for publication in your journal.

Maternal Cardiovascular Responses to Position Change in Pregnancy.

The maternal cardiovascular-circulatory system undergoes profound changes almost from the conception of a pregnancy until the postpartum period to support the maternal adaptions required for pregnancy and lactation. Maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis requires changes in the cardiovascular autonomic responses. Here, we present a longitudinal study of the maternal cardiovascular autonomic responses to pregnancy and maternal position.

Risk factors for postoperative complications after adrenalectomy for phaeochromocytoma: multicentre cohort study.

Background: To determine the incidence and risk factors for postoperative complications and prolonged hospital stay after adrenalectomy for phaeochromocytoma.

Methods: Demographics, perioperative outcomes and complications were evaluated for consecutive patients who underwent adrenalectomy for phaeochromocytoma from 2012 to 2020 in nine high-volume UK centres. Odds ratios were calculated using multivariable models.

Detection, Characterization, and Distribution of the First Case of Pepino Mosaic Virus in Aotearoa New Zealand.

Tomato ( L., family Solanaceae) represents one of the most economically valuable horticultural crops worldwide. Tomato production is affected by numerous emerging plant viruses.

Towards AI-augmented radiology education: a web-based application for perception training in chest X-ray nodule detection.

Objectives: Artificial intelligence (AI)-based applications for augmenting radiological education are underexplored. Prior studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of simulation in radiological perception training. This study aimed to develop and make available a pure web-based application called for perception training in lung nodule detection in chest X-rays.

Clinical, Economic, and Humanistic Outcomes Associated with Obesity Among People with Bipolar I Disorder in the United States: Analysis of National Health and Wellness Survey Data.

Introduction: People living with bipolar I disorder (BD-I) have an increased risk for obesity compared with the general population that may be related to genetic, lifestyle, and treatment factors. Few studies have examined possible effects of obesity on those living with BD-I. This study examined relationships between obesity and clinical, humanistic, and economic outcomes among adults with BD-I.

Extended duration of treatment using reduced-frequency dosing of anti-PD-1 therapy in patients with advanced melanoma and Merkel cell carcinoma.

Background: Optimal duration of treatment (DoT) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in metastatic cancers remains unclear. Many patients, especially those without radiologic complete remission, develop progressive disease after ICI discontinuation. Extending DoT with ICI may potentially improve efficacy outcomes but presents major logistical and cost challenges with standard frequency dosing (SFD).

Intravascular ultrasound to aid in the diagnosis and revision of an intra-aortic pedicle screw: illustrative case.

Background: Pedicle screw impingement on vessel walls has the potential for complications due to pulsatile effects and wall erosion. Artifacts from spinal instrumentation create difficulty in accurately evaluating this interface. The authors present the first case of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) used to characterize a pedicle screw breach into the aortic lumen.

High maternal adiposity during pregnancy programs an imbalance in the lipidome and predisposes to diet-induced hepatosteatosis in the offspring.

Background: Exposure to high maternal adiposity in utero is a significant risk factor for the later-life development of metabolic syndrome (MetS), including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We have previously shown that high pre-pregnancy adiposity programs adipose tissue dysfunction in the offspring, leading to spillover of fatty acids into the circulation, a key pathogenic event in obesity-associated MetS. Herein, we hypothesized that programming of adipose tissue dysfunction in offspring born to overweight dams increases the risk for developing NAFLD.

Factors associated with spontaneous vaginal birth in nulliparous women: A descriptive systematic review.

Problem: Spontaneous vaginal birth (SVB) rates for nulliparous women are declining internationally.

Background: There is inadequate understanding of factors affecting this trend overall and limited large-scale responses to improve women's opportunity to birth spontaneously.

Aim: To undertake a descriptive systematic review identifying factors associated with spontaneous vaginal birth at term, in nulliparous women with a singleton pregnancy.

Antigenic and molecular evidence of sp.-associated epididymo-orchitis in frugivorous () and nectarivorous () bats in Brazil.

This study included 47 free-ranging bats from the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Six bats (12.8%) had genital inflammatory lesions, and two of them (one and one , a frugivorous and a nectarivorous, respectively) were diagnosed with sp.

No phylogenetic evidence for angiosperm mass extinction at the Cretaceous-Palaeogene (K-Pg) boundary.

The Cretaceous-Palaeogene mass extinction event (K-Pg) witnessed upwards of 75% of animal species going extinct, most notably among these are the non-avian dinosaurs. A major question in macroevolution is whether this extinction event influenced the rise of flowering plants (angiosperms). The fossil record suggests that the K-Pg event had a strong regional impact on angiosperms with up to 75% species extinctions, but only had a minor impact on the extinction rates of major lineages (families and orders).