A Comparison of Demographic Diversity Between Orthopaedic Surgery Residents and ACGME Foot and Ankle Fellows From 2007 to 2022.

Background: Academic medicine emphasizes the need to recruit a diverse workforce in graduate medical education. Orthopaedic surgery residency has demonstrated efforts to model program compositions with evolving US demographics. However, it remains unclear whether orthopaedic fellowships, particularly foot and ankle, also reflect these efforts.

Weightbearing Computed Tomography Can Accurately Detect Subtle Lisfranc Injury.

Background: Early detection of Lisfranc injury is critical for improving clinical outcomes, but diagnosing subtle injury can be difficult. Weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT) allows evaluation of such injuries in 3 dimensions (3D) under physiologic load. This study aimed to assess the utility of 1-, 2-, and 3-dimensional measurements on WBCT to diagnose subtle injury in isolated ligamentous Lisfranc injuries.

Location and access to health courses for rural students: an Australian audit.

Background: The undersupply of health professionals in rural areas impacts healthcare access for those living in rural Australia. A strategy to increase the rural health workforce is to recruit and educate rural people. However, long-standing inequities for rural Australians in accessing tertiary education persist.

Nursing Interventions and Intracranial Pressure Change in Pediatric Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

Background: Nursing interventions in the care of pediatric patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) can have a direct effect on intracranial pressure (ICP), yet they have been largely underexplored. Early evidence is therefore needed to describe these relationships and to determine intervention that promotes neuroprotection and recovery.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine nursing interventions within the first 72 hours of pediatric severe TBI and their effects on ICP.

Human gut microbiota interactions shape the long-term growth dynamics and evolutionary adaptations of .

can transiently or persistently colonize the human gut, posing a risk factor for infections. This colonization is influenced by complex molecular and ecological interactions with human gut microbiota. By investigating dynamics in human gut communities over hundreds of generations, we show patterns of stable coexistence, instability, or competitive exclusion.

Deep brain stimulation for the treatment of substance use disorders: a promising approach requiring caution.

Substance use disorders are prevalent, causing extensive morbidity and mortality worldwide. Evidence-based treatments are of low to moderate effect size. Growth in the neurobiological understanding of addiction (e.

Virtual Loupes: A Pilot Study on the Use of Video Passthrough Augmented Reality in Plastic Surgery.

Background: Plastic surgeons use loupes or operative microscope to aid in tissue dissection and anastomosis of structures. These devices have their own limitations in areas of visualization and weight. Current uses of augmented and virtual reality in surgery have been limited to operative planning and simulation.

Implementation of a Power Down Initiative in 34 Operating Rooms.

Operating rooms (ORs) use energy-intensive equipment such as anesthesia gas machines, patient monitors, and lights. They are major contributors to an institution's carbon footprint; yet ORs are unoccupied 40% of the time. Implementing an initiative to power down electrical devices can reduce energy consumption, equipment failure, and financial outlay.

Transcriptional programs of Pitx2 and Tfap2a/Tfap2b controlling lineage specification of mandibular epithelium during tooth initiation.

How the dorsal-ventral axis of the vertebrate jaw, particularly the position of tooth initiation site, is established remains a critical and unresolved question. Tooth development starts with the formation of the dental lamina, a localized thickened strip within the maxillary and mandibular epithelium. To identify transcriptional regulatory networks (TRN) controlling the specification of dental lamina from the naïve mandibular epithelium, we utilized Laser Microdissection coupled low-input RNA-seq (LMD-RNA-seq) to profile gene expression of different domains of the mandibular epithelium along the dorsal-ventral axis.

The Impact of Independent Chemotherapy Prescribing by Advanced Practice Providers on Patient Safety and Clinician Satisfaction.

Background: Literature on advanced practice providers (APPs) prescribing chemotherapy independently, without physician cosignature, is limited.

Objectives: This project assessed safety and provider satisfaction for an existing independent APP chemotherapy prescribing privilege at a National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center.

Methods: Rate of Reporting to Improve Safety and Quality events associated with APPs with independent chemotherapy prescribing privileges was compared to that of physicians during a three-year period.

Unit costs and cost-effectiveness of a device to improve TB treatment adherence in China.

Background: Adherence to TB drugs is crucial for improving treatment outcomes. Digital adherence technologies can improve adherence; however, there is a lack of evidence on cost-effectiveness. This study aimed to explore the cost-effectiveness of medication event reminder monitors (MERM) in China compared with the standard of care, using results from a pragmatic, cluster-randomised superiority trial of an electronic MERM in China.

Non-syndromic OTX2-associated pattern dystrophy: a 10-year multimodal imaging study.

Purpose: To report novel multimodal imaging features and long-term follow-up of Orthodenticle Homeobox 2 (OTX2)-associated pattern Gdystrophy.

Methods: A 14-year-old boy referred with glaucoma suspect and macular pigmentation underwent fundus autofluorescence imaging, optical coherence tomography, fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography, visual field test, microperimetry and electrophysiology over a ten-year period. Next-generation sequencing panel identified a de novo heterozygous likely pathogenic OTX2 variant, c.

Prophylactic muscle flaps in high-risk-for-poor-healing patients with prosthetic bypasses increases deep wound complications.

Background: Incisional complications of groin after inflow or infrainguinal bypasses with prosthetic conduits can result in major morbidities that require reoperation, infected graft removal, and limb loss. Muscle flaps are typically performed to treat groin wound complications, but they are also done prophylactically at the time of index procedures in certain high-risk-for-poor-healing patients to mitigate anticipated groin wound complications. We used a nationwide multi-institutional database to investigate outcomes of prophylactic muscle flaps in high-risk patients who underwent prosthetic bypasses involving femoral anastomosis.

Statistical analysis plan for cluster randomised trial to evaluate a community-level complementary food safety and hygiene and nutrition intervention in Mali: the MaaCiwara study.

Background: Diarrheal disease is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in under-fives in many low- and middle-income countries. Changes in food safety, hygiene practices, and nutrition around the weaning period may reduce the risk of disease and improve infant development. The MaaCiwara study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a community-based educational intervention designed to improve food safety and hygiene behaviours, as well as child nutrition.