Medial Malleolar Stress Fracture Treatment and Return to Activity: A Systematic Review.

Background: Medial malleolar stress fractures (MMSFs) naturally appear to occur primarily in athletes participating in sports requiring prolonged running or repetitive jumping. Nonoperative and operative modalities have been described, yielding a wide range of outcomes and return to activity (RTA) rates.

Hypothesis/purpose: To systematically review the current literature to identify reports of MMSFs to better understand the current state of treatment, outcomes, and RTA rate.

A phase 1 proof-of-concept study evaluating safety, tolerability, and biological marker responses with combination therapy of CTLA4-Ig and interleukin-2 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Objective: To determine whether a combination therapy with abatacept (CTLA4-Ig) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) is safe and suppresses markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and degeneration in ALS.

Methods: In this open-label study, four participants with ALS received subcutaneous injections of low dose IL-2 (1 × 10 IU/injection/day) for 5 consecutive days every 2 weeks and one subcutaneous injection of CTLA4-Ig (125 mg/mL/injection) every 2 weeks coinciding with the first IL-2 injection of each treatment cycle. Participants received a total of 24 treatment cycles during the first 48 weeks in this 56-week study.

Are contaminated soil and groundwater remediation with nanoscale zero-valent iron sustainable? An analysis of case studies.

Nanoscale zero valent iron (nZVI) is globally the main nanomaterial used in contaminated site remediation. This study aims to evaluate the sustainability of using nZVI in the nanoremediation of contaminated sites and to determine the factors that affect the sustainability of the use of nZVI in remediation. Five case studies of nZVI use on a pilot scale were selected.

Design of a central tool for sustainability evaluation and weighting to decision-making support of contaminated soils remediation.

Sustainable remediation remains unstandardized and ambiguously regulated, thereby limiting its adoption in the management of contaminated areas. Although a considerable number of tools are available for this purpose, numerous shortcomings continue to be detected, especially with regard to the integration of a complete assessment of impact and sustainability into a single framework. In view of these problems, the objective in this study was to develop and validate an integrated tool for assessing the sustainability of remediation techniques for contaminated soils.

A phase 1 open-label pilot study of low-dose interleukine-2 immunotherapy in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05821153, Registered April 20 2023, Retrospectively registered, https://classic.

Clinicaltrials: gov/ct2/show/NCT05821153.

Epidemiology of Ankle Dislocations in the United States: 2009 to 2018.

Background: Injuries to the ankle joint are common and often sustained during participation in athletic activities. There is little information regarding the overall epidemiology of ankle dislocation, both with and without associated fracture.

Design And Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database was queried to characterize ankle dislocation presentations to U.

Optimization of biocementation responses by artificial neural network and random forest in comparison to response surface methodology.

In this article, the optimization of the specific urease activity (SUA) and the calcium carbonate (CaCO) using microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) was compared to optimization using three algorithms based on machine learning: random forest regressor, artificial neural networks (ANNs), and multivariate linear regression. This study applied the techniques in two existing response surface method (RSM) experiments involving MICP technique. Random forest-based models and artificial neural network-based models were submitted through the optimization of hyperparameters via cross-validation technique and grid search, to select the best-optimized model.

Checklist validation for use in safe heart surgery.

Objective: Build and validate an instrument in checklist format for use in safe cardiac surgery.

Method: Methodological research carried out in the following stages: literature review; national construction of items and content validation by experts in two stages, at regional level 9 and with 41 judges. For data analysis, the agreement rate per constructed item was determined.

Ex vivo expanded human regulatory T cells modify neuroinflammation in a preclinical model of Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a neuroprotective role by suppressing microglia and macrophage-mediated inflammation and modulating adaptive immune reactions. We previously documented that Treg immunomodulatory mechanisms are compromised in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Ex vivo expansion of Tregs restores and amplifies their immunosuppressive functions in vitro.

Combined Regulatory T-Lymphocyte and IL-2 Treatment Is Safe, Tolerable, and Biologically Active for 1 Year in Persons With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Background And Objectives: In a phase 1 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) study, autologous infusions of expanded regulatory T-lymphocytes (Tregs) combined with subcutaneous interleukin (IL)-2 were safe and well tolerated. Treg suppressive function increased and disease progression stabilized during the study. The present study was conducted to confirm the reliability of these results.

First Experience and Prospective Evaluation on Feasibility and Acute Toxicity of Online Adaptive Radiotherapy of the Prostate Bed as Salvage Treatment in Patients with Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer on a 1.5T MR-Linac.

Introduction: Novel MRI-linear accelerator hybrids (MR-Linacs, MRL) promise an optimization of radiotherapy (RT) through daily MRI imaging with enhanced soft tissue contrast and plan adaptation on the anatomy of the day. These features might potentially improve salvage RT of prostate cancer (SRT), where the clinical target volume is confined by the mobile organs at risk (OAR) rectum and bladder. So far, no data exist about the feasibility of the MRL technology for SRT.

Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Expanded Regulatory T Cells Modulate and Inflammation.

Extracellular vehicles (EVs) are efficient biomarkers of disease and participate in disease pathogenesis; however, their use as clinical therapies to modify disease outcomes remains to be determined. Cell-based immune therapies, including regulatory T cells (Tregs), are currently being clinically evaluated for their usefulness in suppressing pro-inflammatory processes. The present study demonstrates that expanded Tregs generate a large pool of EVs that express Treg-associated markers and suppress pro-inflammatory responses and .

Toxicity of nZVI in the growth of bacteria present in contaminated soil.

The use of nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) for the remediation of degraded areas is a consolidated practice. However, the long-term reactions that occur in the environment remain unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the potential toxic effects on the growth of colony-forming units (CFUs) of Bacillus cereus and Pseudomona aeruginosa present in soil contaminated with hexavalent chromium (Cr) and pentachlorophenol (PCP) nanoremediated with nZVI.

Effect of Skeletal Maturity on Fixation Techniques for Tibial Eminence Fractures.

Background: Several fixation methods have been reported for the operative treatment of tibial eminence fractures. Previous biomechanical studies have demonstrated that suture fixation may be a stronger construct; however, the maturity status of these specimens was not scrutinized.

Purpose: To examine if suture fixation remains a biomechanically superior fixation method to screw fixation in both skeletally mature and immature specimens.

Social life cycle assessment of the nanoscale zero-valent iron synthesis process for application in contaminated site remediation.

Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) is the main nanomaterial used in environmental remediation processes. However, as with any remediation technique, the production and the use of nanomaterials can also cause environmental, economic, and social impacts. Thus, the present study investigated the social life cycle analysis (S-LCA) of nZVI production methods applied in environmental remediation.

Serum programmed cell death proteins in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a multifactorial, multisystem pro-inflammatory neuromuscular disorder. Activation of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), and its ligands, programmed cell death-ligand 1 and 2 (PD-L1/L2), leads to immune suppression. Serum soluble forms of these proteins, sPD-1/sPD-L1/sPD-L2, inhibit this suppression and promote pro-inflammatory responses.

Global sales and operations planning: A multinational manufacturing company perspective.

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the global Sales and Operations Planning (S&OP) process and investigate the steps to support consolidated business planning in worldwide operations and large-scale supply chains. The paper conducts a case study at a multinational manufacturing company applying an abductive approach. It combines the deductive logic from theory and the inductive logic from field observation in an attempt to elaborate further on theory on global S&OP.

Improving the Bioremediation and in situ Production of Biocompounds of a Biodiesel-Contaminated Soil.

We aimed to produce simultaneously biosurfactants and lipases in solid state fermentation (SSF) using Aspergillus niger, followed by the use of the fermented media on the bioremediation of oily contaminated soil, in order to valuate agro industrial residuals and reduce the contamination. The biocompounds were produced using wheat bran and corncob (80:20), 5% of soybean oil and 0.5% of sugar cane molasses in SSF for 4 d, producing 4.

Ex vivo expansion of dysfunctional regulatory T lymphocytes restores suppressive function in Parkinson's disease.

Inflammation is a pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). Chronic pro-inflammatory responses contribute to the loss of neurons in the neurodegenerative process. The present study was undertaken to define the peripheral innate and adaptive immune contributions to inflammation in patients with PD.

Bacterial biosurfactant increases ex situ biodiesel bioremediation in clayey soil.

The contamination of soils by oily compounds has several environmental impacts, which can be reversed through bioremediation, using biosurfactants as auxiliaries in the biodegradation process. In this study, we aimed to perform ex situ bioremediation of biodiesel-contaminated soil using biosurfactants produced by Bacillus methylotrophicus. A crude biosurfactant was produced in a whey-based culture medium supplemented with nutrients and was later added to biodiesel-contaminated clayey soil.

Nano scale zero valent iron production methods applied to contaminated sites remediation: An overview of production and environmental aspects.

The nano scale zero valent iron (nZVI) is the most used material in the remediation process. The inclusion of sustainability in the remediation process has also been gaining prominence. Sustainable remediation seeks to consider the environmental, economic and social impacts of remediation.

Life cycle sustainability assessment of the nanoscale zero-valent iron synthesis process for application in contaminated site remediation.

Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) is the main nanomaterial used in environmental remediation processes. The present study aims to evaluate the life cycle sustainability of nZVI production methods applied in environmental remediation. Three production methods of nZVI were selected for analysis: milling, liquid reduction with sodium borohydride, and chemical reduction with hydrogen gas (in two approaches: considering the goethite and hematite synthesis and after using in nZVI production and, using goethite and hematite particles already synthesized for nZVI production).

Restoring regulatory T-cell dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease through expansion.

Inflammation is a significant component of Alzheimer's disease pathology. While neuroprotective microglia are important for containment/clearance of Amyloid plaques and maintaining neuronal survival, Alzheimer inflammatory microglia may play a detrimental role by eliciting tau pathogenesis and accelerating neurotoxicity. Regulatory T cells have been shown to suppress microglia-mediated inflammation.