Cognitive Health After Cerebellar Stroke: Potential Link Between Socio-Educational Status and Memory Outcome.

While deficits in episodic memory have been noted following cerebellar damage, there is a lack of research systematically exploring the socio-demographic and cognitive profiles of patients with such impairments. This study aimed to differentiate between chronic-phase cerebellar stroke patients with and without verbal episodic memory deficits, and to determine whether those with deficits exhibit distinct socio-demographic and clinical profiles, thereby identifying potential factors associated with these impairments. Data from 15 cerebellar stroke patients in the CEREBEMO cohort were analyzed, with participants categorized into two groups based on verbal episodic memory performance: deficits (n = 8) and no deficits (n = 7).

An immersive virtual reality tool for assessing left and right unilateral spatial neglect.

The reported rate of the occurrence of unilateral spatial neglect (USN) is highly variable likely due to the lack of validity and low sensitivity of classical tools used to assess it. Virtual reality (VR) assessments try to overcome these limitations by proposing immersive and complex environments. Nevertheless, existing VR-based tasks are mostly focused only on near space and lack analysis of psychometric properties and/or clinical validation.

Markers of limbic system damage following SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Alterations of the limbic system may be present in the chronic phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our aim was to study the long-term impact of this disease on limbic system-related behaviour and its associated brain functional connectivity, according to the severity of respiratory symptoms in the acute phase. To this end, we investigated the multimodal emotion recognition abilities of 105 patients from the Geneva COVID-COG Cohort 223 days on average after SARS-CoV-2 infection (diagnosed between March 2020 and May 2021), dividing them into three groups (severe, moderate or mild) according to respiratory symptom severity in the acute phase.

[Long-term cognitive impairment in autoimmune encephalitis].

Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) are a group of rare inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system that can manifest as subacute cognitive impairment. Despite the presence of diagnostic criteria, it can be challenging to identify this disease in certain age groups. In this article, we present the two main clinical phenotypes of AE associated with cognitive impairment, the factors contributing to the long-term cognitive outcome and its management after the acute phase.

Dysfunctional cerebello-cerebral network associated with vocal emotion recognition impairments.

Vocal emotion recognition, a key determinant to analyzing a speaker's emotional state, is known to be impaired following cerebellar dysfunctions. Nevertheless, its possible functional integration in the large-scale brain network subtending emotional prosody recognition has yet to be explored. We administered an emotional prosody recognition task to patients with right versus left-hemispheric cerebellar lesions and a group of matched controls.

Explicit and Implicit Emotion Processing in the Cerebellum: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review.

The cerebellum's role in affective processing is increasingly recognized in the literature, but remains poorly understood, despite abundant clinical evidence for affective disruptions following cerebellar damage. To improve the characterization of emotion processing and investigate how attention allocation impacts this processing, we conducted a meta-analysis on task activation foci using GingerALE software. Eighty human neuroimaging studies of emotion including 2761 participants identified through Web of Science and ProQuest databases were analyzed collectively and then divided into two categories based on the focus of attention during the task: explicit or implicit emotion processing.

Principles of Brain and Emotion: Beyond the Cortico-Centric Bias.

Affective neurosciences have largely contributed to the elaboration of theoretical and neuroanatomical models through research conducted in non-primate animals and human beings. However, for methodological and historical reasons, knowledge has developed by focusing mainly on the cerebral cortex, resulting in a lack of investigations of the functional aspects of subcortical structures such as the cerebellum and the basal ganglia. The close anatomical connections revealed between these two structures, as well as their reciprocal connections with the cerebral cortex, lead to a vertically organized model of the brain.

Countermovement Jump Standards in Rugby League: What is a "Good" Performance?

McMahon, JJ, Lake, JP, Dos'Santos, T, Jones, PA, Thomasson, ML, and Comfort, P. Countermovement jump standards in rugby league: what is a "good" performance? J Strength Cond Res 36(6): 1691-1698, 2022-The countermovement jump (CMJ) is considered an important test in rugby league, and the force platform is the recommended tool for assessing CMJ performance in this cohort. Because of inconsistent methods applied across previous studies, there is currently a lack of understanding of what constitutes a "good" CMJ performance, with respect to the typical CMJ metrics that are reported for rugby league players.

Crossed functional specialization between the basal ganglia and cerebellum during vocal emotion decoding: Insights from stroke and Parkinson's disease.

There is growing evidence that both the basal ganglia and the cerebellum play functional roles in emotion processing, either directly or indirectly, through their connections with cortical and subcortical structures. However, the lateralization of this complex processing in emotion recognition remains unclear. To address this issue, we investigated emotional prosody recognition in individuals with Parkinson's disease (model of basal ganglia dysfunction) or cerebellar stroke patients, as well as in matched healthy controls (n = 24 in each group).

Functional connectivity underlying cognitive and psychiatric symptoms in post-COVID-19 syndrome: is anosognosia a key determinant?

Lack of awareness of cognitive impairment (i.e. anosognosia) could be a key factor for distinguishing between neuropsychological post-COVID-19 condition phenotypes.

Sensitivity to Emotion Intensity and Recognition of Emotion Expression in Neurotypical Children.

This study assessed two components of face emotion processing: emotion recognition and sensitivity to intensity of emotion expressions and their relation in children age 4 to 12 (N = 216). Results indicated a slower development in the accurate decoding of low intensity expressions compared to high intensity. Between age 4 and 12, children discriminated high intensity expressions better than low ones.

Real-time fMRI and EEG neurofeedback: A perspective on applications for the rehabilitation of spatial neglect.

Spatial neglect is a neuropsychological syndrome characterized by a failure to orient, perceive, and act toward the contralesional side of the space after brain injury. Neglect is one of the most frequent and disabling neuropsychological syndromes following right-hemisphere damage, often persisting in the chronic phase and responsible for a poor functional outcome at hospital discharge. Different rehabilitation approaches have been proposed over the past 60 years, with a variable degree of effectiveness.

When Fear Shrinks the Brain: A Computational Model of the Effects of Posttraumatic Stress on Hippocampal Volume.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder often characterized by the unwanted re-experiencing of a traumatic event through nightmares, flashbacks, and/or intrusive memories. This paper presents a neurocomputational model using the ACT-R cognitive architecture that simulates intrusive memory retrieval following a potentially traumatic event (PTE) and predicts hippocampal volume changes observed in PTSD. Memory intrusions were captured in the ACT-R rational analysis framework by weighting the posterior probability of re-encoding traumatic events into memory with an emotional intensity term I to capture the degree to which an event was perceived as dangerous or traumatic.

Sensory contribution to vocal emotion deficit in patients with cerebellar stroke.

In recent years, there has been increasing evidence of cerebellar involvement in emotion processing. Difficulties in the recognition of emotion from voices (i.e.

Possible Spillover of Pathogens between Bee Communities Foraging on the Same Floral Resource.

Viruses are known to contribute to bee population decline. Possible spillover is suspected from the co-occurrence of viruses in wild bees and honey bees. In order to study the risk of virus transmission between wild and managed bee species sharing the same floral resource, we tried to maximize the possible cross-infections using which is highly attractive to honey bees and a broad range of wild bee species.

A novel computerized assessment of manual spatial exploration in unilateral spatial neglect.

Unilateral spatial neglect is a neuropsychological syndrome commonly observed after stroke and defined by the inability to attend or respond to contralesional stimuli. Typically, symptoms are assessed using clinical tests that rely upon visual/perceptual abilities. However, neglect may affect high-level representations controlling attention in other modalities as well.

ARTSCAN III: A Randomized Phase III Study Comparing Chemoradiotherapy With Cisplatin Versus Cetuximab in Patients With Locoregionally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer.

Purpose: We performed an open-label randomized controlled phase III study comparing treatment outcome and toxicity between radiotherapy (RT) with concomitant cisplatin versus concomitant cetuximab in patients with locoregionally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC; stage III-IV according to the Union for International Cancer Control TNM classification, 7th edition).

Materials And Methods: Eligible patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive either intravenous cetuximab 400 mg/m 1 week before start of RT followed by 250 mg/m/wk, or weekly intravenous cisplatin 40 mg/m, during RT. RT was conventionally fractionated.

Survival advantage of upfront cytoreductive nephrectomy in patients with primary metastatic renal cell carcinoma compared with systemic and palliative treatments in a real-world setting.

Background: Recently, the CARMENA and SURTIME studies, suggested that upfront cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) should be abandoned for patients with intermediate and high-risk metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). However, CN remains an indication in low-risk and when immediate systemic treatment is not required. The aim was to evaluate the long-term overall survival (OS) in patients with primary mRCC, based on the first line treatment.

Can pandemics affect educational attainment? Evidence from the polio epidemic of 1916.

We leverage the largest polio outbreak in US history, the 1916 polio epidemic, to study how epidemic-related school interruptions affect educational attainment. Using polio morbidity as a proxy for epidemic exposure, we find that children aged 10 and under, and school-aged children of legal working age with greater exposure to the epidemic experienced reduced educational attainment compared to their slightly older peers. These reductions in observed educational attainment persist even after accounting for the influenza epidemic of 1918.

Deficits in cognitive and affective theory of mind relate to dissociated lesion patterns in prefrontal and insular cortex.

Neuroimaging studies suggest that understanding emotions in others engages brain regions partially common to those associated with more general cognitive Theory-of-Mind (ToM) functions allowing us to infer people's beliefs or intentions. However, neuropsychological studies on brain-damaged patients reveal dissociations between the ability to understand others' emotions and ToM. This discrepancy might underlie the fact that neuropsychological investigations often correlate behavioural impairments only to the lesion site, without considering the impact that the insult might have on other interconnected brain structures.

Rightward exogenous attentional shifts impair perceptual memory of spatial locations in patients with left unilateral spatial neglect.

Spatial remapping implies the updating and maintaining of the spatial position of objects in successive visual images across time, despite their displacement on the retina due to eye movements. In the parietal cortex, the representation of spatial locations appears to be partly centered on gaze direction, and thus modulated by current eye-gaze position. It has been suggested that short-term memory for spatial locations across delays might be impaired in right brain-injured patients with left spatial neglect, but more so after rightward than leftward gaze shifts - an asymmetry attributed to a loss of spatial representations normally transferred from left to right hemisphere during remapping.

Viruses in the Invasive Hornet .

The Asian yellow-legged hornet , a major predator of honeybees, is spreading in Europe in part due to a lack of efficient control methods. In this study, as a first step to identify biological control agents, we characterized viral RNA sequences present in asymptomatic or symptomatic hornets. Among 19 detected viruses, the honey bee virus was predominant in all the samples, particularly in muscles from the symptomatic hornet, suggesting a putative cause of the deformed wing symptom.

Cerebellar contribution to vocal emotion decoding: Insights from stroke and neuroimaging.

While the role of the cerebellum in emotion recognition has been explored with facial expressions, its involvement in the auditory modality (i.e., emotional prosody) remains to be demonstrated.

Relation between processing facial identity and emotional expression in typically developing school-age children and those with Down syndrome.

The main purposes of this research were to examine the relation between the processing of face identity and emotion expressions and then discern the significance of emotional expressions using Bruce et al. tasks. Two studies were conducted.