Transforaminal epidural steroid injection can result in further neurological injury in a patient with severe foraminal stenosis and nerve impingement.

Background: Chronic low back pain (LBP) is highly prevalent and costly in our society. The use of epidural steroid injections (ESIs) for the treatment of radicular LBP is very widespread and continues to rise. The most popular injection is the lumbar/sacral transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI).