New record and dietary ecology of a poorly-known treefrog, Yu, Hui, Hou, Wu, Rao & Yang, 2019 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in Vietnam.

Background: The White-lipped Treefrog Yu, Hui, Hou, Wu, Rao & Yang, 2019 was previously confused with (Blyth, 1852). Records of from Yunnan (China), Vietnam and Thailand were recognised as a misidentification and this taxon was subsequently described as a new species, based on morphological and molecular evidence. This species is currently known from southern China, Thailand, Laos and Vietnam.

Another new species of Cyrtodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Binh Dinh Province, south-central Vietnam.

We describe a new species of the Cyrtodactylus irregularis complex based on six adult specimens from Phu Cat District, Binh Dinh Province, Vietnam. Cyrtodactylus binhdinhensis sp. nov.

A new species of Smith 1925 (Anura, Megophryidae) from Lai Chau Province, Vietnam.

Background: The genus (Anura, Megophryidae) was originally described, based on the type species from Sarawak (Malaysia), Smith. The taxa in the group were previously classified into different genera, i.e, Liu; Dubois; Delorme, Dubois, Grosjean & Ohler; and Dubois, Grosjean, Ohler, Adler & Zhao.

Impact of high-dose cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) and inulin prebiotic on intestinal and airway microbiota in adults with cystic fibrosis: A 2 × 2 randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind pilot study.

Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multi-organ disease caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). Individuals with CF often have gastrointestinal (GI) dysbiosis due to chronic inflammation and antibiotic use. Previous studies suggested a role for vitamin D in reversing the GI dysbiosis found in CF.

 sp. nov., a new green treefrog species from Vietnam (Anura, Rhacophoridae).

We describe a new treefrog species from Lao Cai Province, northwestern Vietnam. The new species is assigned to the genus based on a combination of the following morphological characters: (1) dorsum green, smooth; body size medium (SVL 30.1-32.

Vitamin D and prebiotics for intestinal health in cystic fibrosis: Rationale and design for a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, 2 x 2 trial of administration of prebiotics and cholecalciferol (vitamin D) (Pre-D trial) in adults with cystic fibrosis.

Individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) have dysfunctional intestinal microbiota and increased gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation also known as GI dysbiosis. It is hypothesized that administration of high-dose cholecalciferol (vitamin D) together with a prebiotic (inulin) will be effective, and possibly additive or synergistic, in reducing CF-related GI and airway dysbiosis. Thus, a 2 x 2 factorial design, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, pilot and feasibility, clinical trial was proposed to test this hypothesis.

A new species of the species group (Squamata, Gekkonidae) from Lao Cai Province, Vietnam.

We describe a new species of the genus based on five adult specimens from Bac Ha District, Lao Cai Province, northern Vietnam. is distinguished from the remaining Indochinese bent-toed geckos by a combination of the following morphological characteristics: medium size (SVL up to 89.5 mm); dorsal tubercles in 17-19 irregular transverse rows; ventral scales in 32-34 longitudinal rows at midbody; precloacal pores present in both sexes, 9 or 10 in males, 8 or 9 in females; 12-15 enlarged femoral scales on each thigh; femoral pores 9-12 in males, 5-10 in females; postcloacal tubercles 2-4; lamellae under toe IV 21-23; dorsal pattern consisting of 5 or 6 irregular dark bands, a thin neckband without V-shape or triangle shape in the middle, top of head with dark brown blotches; subcaudal scales transversely enlarged.

Vitamin D and Prebiotics for Intestinal Health in Cystic Fibrosis: Rationale and design for a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, 2 × 2 trial of administration of prebiotics and cholecalciferol (vitamin D) (Pre-D Trial) in adults with cystic fibrosis.

Individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) have dysfunctional intestinal microbiota and increased gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation also known as GI dysbiosis. It is hypothesized that administration of high-dose cholecalciferol (vitamin D) together with a prebiotic (inulin) will be effective, and possibly additive or synergistic, in reducing CF-related GI dysbiosis and improving intestinal functions. Thus, a 2 × 2 factorial design, placebo-controlled, double-blind, clinical trial was proposed to test this hypothesis.

Vitamin D for glycemic control following an acute pulmonary exacerbation: A secondary analysis of a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in adults with cystic fibrosis.

Individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) often incur damage to pancreatic tissue due to a dysfunctional cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein, leading to altered chloride transport on epithelial surfaces and subsequent development of cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD). Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with the development of CFRD. This was a secondary analysis of a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study in adults with CF hospitalized for an acute pulmonary exacerbation (APE), known as the Vitamin D for the Immune System in Cystic Fibrosis (DISC) trial (NCT01426256).

Southbound - the southernmost record of (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae) from the Central Highlands of Vietnam represents a new species.

A new species of the genus is described from Ngoc Linh Mountain, Kon Tum Province, in the Central Highlands of Vietnam based on integrative taxonomy, namely by combining molecular and morphological evidence. differs from all other congeners based on morphological data, allopatric distribution, and molecular divergence. In terms of genetic divergence, distinctly differs from the sister species (6.

Fibre-rich Foods to Treat Obesity and Prevent Colon Cancer trial study protocol: a randomised clinical trial of fibre-rich legumes targeting the gut microbiome, metabolome and gut transit time of overweight and obese patients with a history of noncancerous adenomatous polyps.

Introduction: Recently published studies support the beneficial effects of consuming fibre-rich legumes, such as cooked dry beans, to improve metabolic health and reduce cancer risk. In participants with overweight/obesity and a history of colorectal polyps, the Fibre-rich Foods to Treat Obesity and Prevent Colon Cancer randomised clinical trial will test whether a high-fibre diet featuring legumes will simultaneously facilitate weight reduction and suppress colonic mucosal biomarkers of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods/design: This study is designed to characterise changes in (1) body weight; (2) biomarkers of insulin resistance and systemic inflammation; (3) compositional and functional profiles of the faecal microbiome and metabolome; (4) mucosal biomarkers of CRC risk and (5) gut transit.

A new species of Vietnamophryne (Anura: Microhylidae) from Northeastern Vietnam.

A new species of the genus Vietnamophryne is described from Vietnam on the basis of two specimens collected from Tuyen Quang Province, Northeastern Vietnam. The new species is morphologically most similar to Vietnamophryne occidentalis from Thailand, however, it differs from the latter by having large black blotches in the lower jaw region, and a yellow-orange chest and belly. The genetic distance between the new species and other Vietnamophryne taxa is > 2.

Two new species of Leptobrachella Smith 1925 (Amphibia: Megophryidae) from Cao Bang Province, Vietnam.

Two new species, Leptobrachella phiaoacensis sp. nov. and Leptobrachella phiadenensis sp.

Micronutrient status and protein-energy malnutrition in free-living older adults: a current perspective.

Purpose Of Review: This review addresses the newest findings on micronutrient status and protein-energy malnutrition in the increasingly aging global population; understanding the nutritional challenges they face is vital for healthcare, well being, and public health.

Recent Findings: The review examines deficiencies in macro- and micronutrients among nonhospitalized, free-living older adults, revealing significant associated health consequences, including frailty, cognitive decline, and reduced quality of life. Deficiencies in fat-soluble vitamins such as A, D, and E, are common in older populations, emphasizing the need for close monitoring for status of these.

Open-source flow setup for rapid and efficient [ F]fluoride drying for automation of PET tracer syntheses.

One of the key strategies for radiochemical research facilities is the automation of synthesis processes. Unnecessary manual operations increase the radiation exposure of personnel, while simultaneously threatening the reliability of syntheses. We have previously reported an affordable open-source system comprising 3D-printed continuous flow reactors, a custom syringe pump, and a pressure regulator that can be used to perform radiofluorinations.

High-Resolution Plasma Metabolomics and Thiamine Status in Critically Ill Adult Patients.

Background And Aim: Thiamine (Vitamin B1) is an essential micronutrient and a co-factor for metabolic functions related to energy metabolism. We determined the association between whole blood thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) concentrations and plasma metabolites using high resolution metabolomics in critically ill patients.

Methods: Cross-sectional study performed in Erciyes University Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Integrative taxonomic analyses reveal first country records of Chen, Peng, Liu, Huang, Liao & Mo, 2022 and (Boulenger, 1899) (Anura, Dicroglossidae, Ranidae) from Vietnam.

Background: was recently discovered from Guangxi Province of China. is a widespread species in southern China, including Hong Kong and Taiwan. Both species are expected to be found in the border areas between Vietnam and China; however, no records of these frogs have been documented from Vietnam so far.

Direct observation of glycans bonded to proteins and lipids at the single-molecule level.

Proteins and lipids decorated with glycans are found throughout biological entities, playing roles in biological functions and dysfunctions. Current analytical strategies for these glycan-decorated biomolecules, termed glycoconjugates, rely on ensemble-averaged methods that do not provide a full view of positions and structures of glycans attached at individual sites in a given molecule, especially for glycoproteins. We show single-molecule analysis of glycoconjugates by direct imaging of individual glycoconjugate molecules using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy.

Quality of dietary macronutrients is associated with glycemic outcomes in adults with cystic fibrosis.

Objective: Poor diet quality contributes to metabolic dysfunction. This study aimed to gain a greater understanding of the relationship between dietary macronutrient quality and glucose homeostasis in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF).

Design: This was a cross-sectional study of  = 27 adults with CF with glucose tolerance ranging from normal ( = 9) to prediabetes ( = 6) to being classified as having cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD,  = 12).

Low dietary fiber intake impairs small intestinal Th17 and intraepithelial T cell development over generations.

Dietary fiber strongly impacts the microbiota. Here, we show that a low-fiber diet changes the small intestinal (SI) microbiota and impairs SI Th17, TCRαβCD8αβ and TCRαβCD8αα intraepithelial T cell development. We restore T cell development with dietary fiber supplementation, but this defect becomes persistent over generations with constant low-fiber diets.