Aerobic training reduces systemic oxidative stress in young women with elevated levels of F2-isoprostanes.

The purpose of this trial was to determine whether exercise without weight loss would reduce F2-isoprostanes in previously sedentary young women. Participants (N=319) were randomized to four months of 150min/week aerobic exercise or a control group. Plasma free F2-isoprostanes were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Natural variation in a homolog of Antirrhinum CENTRORADIALIS contributed to spring growth habit and environmental adaptation in cultivated barley.

As early farming spread from the Fertile Crescent in the Near East around 10,000 years before the present, domesticated crops encountered considerable ecological and environmental change. Spring-sown crops that flowered without the need for an extended period of cold to promote flowering and day length-insensitive crops able to exploit the longer, cooler days of higher latitudes emerged and became established. To investigate the genetic consequences of adaptation to these new environments, we identified signatures of divergent selection in the highly differentiated modern-day spring and winter barleys.

Resistant starch and pullulan reduce postprandial glucose, insulin, and GLP-1, but have no effect on satiety in healthy humans.

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of three novel fibers on satiety and serum parameters. In a randomized, double-blind, crossover design, fasted subjects (n=20) consumed a low-fiber control breakfast or one of four breakfasts containing 25 g of fiber from soluble corn fiber (SCF) or resistant starch (RS), alone or in combination with pullulan (SCF+P and RS+P). Visual analog scales assessed appetite, and blood samples were collected to measure glucose, insulin, ghrelin, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1).

Comparison of one-tier and two-tier newborn screening metrics for congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Background: Newborn screening (NBS) for the classic forms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is mandated in all states in the United States. Compared with other NBS disorders, the false-positive rate (FPR) of CAH screening remains high and has not been significantly improved by adjusting 17α-hydroxyprogesterone cutoff values for birth weight and/or gestational age. Minnesota was the first state to initiate, and only 1 of 4 states currently performing, second-tier steroid profiling for CAH.

The relationship between local public health agency characteristics and performance of partnership-related essential public health services.

Objective: The relationships between characteristics of local public health agencies and their self-reported scores on partnership-related indicators of the Ten Essential Public Health Services were examined.

Design: A retrospective cross-sectional study using secondary data from the National Public Health Performance Standards Program (NPHPSP) and the 2005 Profile of Local Public Health Agencies from the National Association of City and County Health Organizations (NACCHO) was completed. Participants.

Chronic N-amended soils exhibit an altered bacterial community structure in Harvard Forest, MA, USA.

At the Harvard Forest, Petersham, MA, the impact of 20 years of annual ammonium nitrate application to the mixed hardwood stand on soil bacterial communities was studied using 16S rRNA genes pyrosequencing. Amplification of 16S rRNA genes was done using DNA extracted from 30 soil samples (three treatments × two horizons × five subplots) collected from untreated (control), low N-amended (50 kg ha(-1) year(-1)) and high N-amended (150 kg ha(-1) year(-1)) plots. A total of 1.

Enhanced recovery program in total hip arthroplasty.

Background: Enhanced recovery program (ERP) was implemented to optimize the hospital stay in total hip arthroplasty. This study assessed the effects of optimizing preoperative and perioperative care using enhanced recovery (ER) on patients undergoing Total hip arthroplasty.

Materials And Methods: We compared a prospective group of 64 patients on the ER program with a historic cohort of 63 patients that received conventional care (non ER).

Two-dimensionally-guided M-mode and pulsed wave Doppler echocardiographic evaluation of the ventricles of apparently healthy cats.

Objective: To determine two-dimensionally-guided (2D-guided) M-mode and pulsed-wave (PW) Doppler echocardiographic reference intervals range of healthy non-sedated cats.

Animals: Fifty-three healthy, unsedated domestic cats.

Materials And Methods: Cats were interrogated via standard imaging planes with 2D-guided PW Doppler, using 5.

Fermentable fibers do not affect satiety or food intake by women who do not practice restrained eating.

Background: Fiber is thought to enhance satiety, although not all fibers are equally effective. Colonic fermentation may influence satiety and food intake.

Objective: To test the satiating properties of four isolated fibers added to chocolate crisp bars.

Combined prospective and retrospective correction to reduce motion-induced image misalignment and geometric distortions in EPI.

Despite rigid-body realignment to compensate for head motion during an echo-planar imaging time-series scan, nonrigid image deformations remain due to changes in the effective shim within the brain as the head moves through the B(0) field. The current work presents a combined prospective/retrospective solution to reduce both rigid and nonrigid components of this motion-related image misalignment. Prospective rigid-body correction, where the scan-plane orientation is dynamically updated to track with the subject's head, is performed using an active marker setup.

Community annotation and bioinformatics workforce development in concert--Little Skate Genome Annotation Workshops and Jamborees.

Recent advances in high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies have equipped biologists with a powerful new set of tools for advancing research goals. The resulting flood of sequence data has made it critically important to train the next generation of scientists to handle the inherent bioinformatic challenges. The North East Bioinformatics Collaborative (NEBC) is undertaking the genome sequencing and annotation of the little skate (Leucoraja erinacea) to promote advancement of bioinformatics infrastructure in our region, with an emphasis on practical education to create a critical mass of informatically savvy life scientists.

Congenital supravalvular mitral stenosis in 14 cats.

Objectives: To describe the clinical features of congenital supravalvular mitral stenosis (SVMS) in cats.

Background: Supravalvular mitral stenosis is an uncommon congenital cardiac defect that has not been previously reported in a series of cats.

Animals: 14 cats with SVMS.

Physician Cost Profiling-Reliability and Risk of Misclassification: Detailed Methodology and Sensitivity Analyses.

This article describes the methods and sensitivity analyses used by the authors in an article published in the . Purchasers are experimenting with a variety of approaches to control health care costs, including limiting network contracts to lower-cost physicians and offering patients differential copayments to encourage them to visit "high-performance" (i.e.

The outcome of manipulation under general anesthesia for the management of frozen shoulder in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Hypothesis: Frozen shoulder has a greater incidence, more severe course, and resistance to treatment in patients with diabetes mellitus compared with the general population. We hypothesized that diabetic patients with frozen shoulder undergoing treatment with manipulation under general anaesthesia (MUA) would have the same outcome as patients without diabetes.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data collected during a 10-year period of referrals for frozen shoulder.

Changes in HIV testing rates among patients with tuberculosis in a large multiethnic city in the UK.

Screening for HIV in patients with tuberculosis (TB) is essential, as HIV/TB co-infection has an adverse prognosis. We compared HIV testing practices in 2005 and 2008/09 in the Birmingham and Solihull region of the UK and evaluated the trends before and after the implementation of the British HIV Association (BHIVA) HIV testing guidelines (2008). A total of 371 TB patients in 2005 and 407 in 2008/09 were included.

Once daily maraviroc 300 mg or 150 mg in combination with ritonavir-boosted darunavir 800/100 mg.

Objectives: To describe the pharmacokinetics of maraviroc when dosed at 150 or 300 mg once daily with 800/100 mg of darunavir/ritonavir.

Methods: A retrospective case-note review of HIV-infected adults taking maraviroc was conducted. Patients on a maraviroc-based regimen for a minimum of 5 weeks were grouped as receiving: (i) 300 mg of maraviroc twice daily with 245 mg of tenofovir/200 mg of emtricitabine; (ii) 300 mg of maraviroc once daily with 800/100 mg of darunavir/ritonavir once daily; and (iii) 150 mg of maraviroc once daily with 800/100 mg of darunavir/ritonavir once daily.

Agreement between T2 and haste sequences in the evaluation of thoracolumbar intervertebral disc disease in dogs.

The purpose of this study was to compare half-Fourier-acquisition single-shot turbo spin-echo (HASTE) and T2-weighted (T2-W) sequences in dogs with thoracolumbar disc extrusion. MRI studies in 60 dogs (767 individual intervertebral disc spaces) were evaluated. Agreement between T2-W and HASTE sequences was assessed for two criteria: presence of an extradural lesion and treatment recommendation.

First, do no harm. Mandatory influenza vaccination for health care workers is a matter of patient safety.

A commitment to patient safety drove a system's decision to require influenza vaccination of employees.

Long-term effects of chlorthalidone versus hydrochlorothiazide on electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy in the multiple risk factor intervention trial.

Chlorthalidone (CTD) reduces 24-hour blood pressure more effectively than hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), but whether this influences electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy is uncertain. One source of comparative data is the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial, which randomly assigned 8012 hypertensive men to special intervention (SI) or usual care. SI participants could use CTD or HCTZ initially; previous analyses have grouped clinics by their main diuretic used (C-clinics: CTD; H-clinics: HCTZ).

Effect of dietary fat and omega-3 fatty acids on urinary eicosanoids and sex hormone concentrations in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled feeding trial.

Substantial evidence relates increased sex hormone concentrations with increased breast cancer risk. Varying omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid (FA) intake may lead to alterations in eicosanoid balance and changes in circulating sex hormones that reduce risk. To clarify effects of dietary fat and n-3 FA intake on breast cancer risk markers, circulating sex hormones and urinary eicosanoids were measured in response to controlled feeding of diets designed to increase plasma concentrations of n-3 FA.