Evaluation of a Point-of-Care-Viscoelastic Coagulation Device in Hispaniolan Amazon Parrots ().

Viscoelastic testing evaluates the formation and lysis of a clot over time, allowing more complete assessment of patient hemostasis in real time, whereas traditional tests, such as prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time, only measure coagulation factor function. Patient-side viscoelastic coagulation monitors are easy to use, portable, and provide faster turnaround time than commercial laboratories. Viscoelastic testing requires only 0.

Climate warming and temporal variation in reproductive strategies in the endangered meadow viper.

Anthropogenic climate change poses a significant threat to species on the brink of extinction. Many non-avian reptiles are endangered, but uncovering their vulnerability to climate warming is challenging, because this requires analyzing the climate sensitivity of different life stages and modeling population growth rates. Such efforts are currently hampered by a lack of long-term life-history data.

Pharmacokinetics of Trazodone in Hispaniolan Parrots ().

The objective of this study was to establish the pharmacokinetics of a single oral dose of trazodone in the Hispaniolan Amazon parrot (). Trazodone is a selective serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitor used commonly in both human and veterinary medicine as an antidepressant behavioral modification medicine. A single oral dose of compounded trazodone hydrochloride solution (20 mg/mL) at 50 mg/kg was administered to a total of 7 healthy adult Hispaniolan Amazon parrots.

Reference Interval Creation for Symmetric Dimethylarginine (SDMA) in Healthy Hispaniolan Amazon Parrots () and Quaker Parrots ().

Renal disease is often identified as a cause of morbidity and mortality in avian patients. However, currently, early antemortem detection of renal disease in avian patients is difficult. Anatomical and physiological differences between mammals and birds mean the use of commonly employed diagnostic testing (ie, measurement of blood urea nitrogen [BUN] and serum creatinine, urinalysis, and ultrasonography) are either nondiagnostic or difficult to achieve.

Measuring the Level of Agreement for Lactate Measurements in Hispaniolan Amazon Parrots () Among 2 Point-of-Care Analyzers and a Benchtop Analyzer.

Lactate is an important biochemistry analyte used in human and veterinary medicine to assess tissue perfusion and can be used as a prognostic indicator for certain disease conditions. Whereas lactate is commonly measured using "patient-side" handheld meters, these meters have not been validated for companion avian species. The purpose of this study was to measure the level of agreement between 2 commercially available point-of-care lactate meters and a laboratory benchtop blood analyzer in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots ().

Treatments of paediatric multiple sclerosis: Efficacy and tolerance in a longitudinal follow-up study.

Aim: To compare the efficacy and safety of newer and/or second-line disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) with interferon beta-1a.

Method: This observational retrospective study included patients younger than 18 years old in the French KIDBIOSEP cohort who had a diagnosis of relapsing multiple sclerosis between 2008 and 2019 and received at least one DMT. Primary outcome was the annualized relapse rate (ARR).

Evaluation of Prothrombin Time and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time in Native and Citrated Whole Blood in Hispaniolan Amazon Parrots () With a Handheld Point-of-Care Analyzer.

Objective assessment of coagulation in birds is difficult, and traditional methods of measuring prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) with the use of mammalian reagents have not been validated in birds. Avian-specific reagents must be prepared from brain extract and are not practical for clinical use. The objective of this investigation was to determine whether the InSight qLabs point-of-care analyzer (Micropoint Biotechnologies Inc, Guangdong, China) could measure PT and aPTT in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots () in native and citrated whole blood, and whether the values obtained correlated with clinical appearance and basic hematologic and biochemical parameters from the bird.

Handling and restraint induce a significant increase in plasma corticosterone in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis).

Objective: To measure baseline plasma corticosterone levels in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis) and assess the effects of handling and restraint on corticosterone levels over 1 hour, reflective of what parrots might experience during veterinary care.

Animals: 10 male and 12 female Hispaniolan Amazon parrots.

Procedures: Each parrot was removed from its cage and wrapped in a towel for restraint similar to that performed in a clinical setting.

Pharmacokinetics of Cannabidiol in the Hispaniolan Amazon Parrot ().

The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of cannabidiol (CBD), a potential treatment option that may alleviate pain in companion animals and humans, in the Hispaniolan Amazon parrot (). A pilot study administered a single oral dose of CBD in hemp oil at 10 mg/kg to 2 birds and 20 mg/kg to 2 birds. Because the maximum serum concentrations () for these doses were 5.

Feeding decreases the oral bioavailability of cannabidiol and cannabidiolic acid in hemp oil in New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).

Objective: To determine the pharmacokinetics of a solution containing cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), administered orally in 2 single-dose studies (with and without food), in the domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus).

Animals: 6 healthy New Zealand White rabbits.

Procedures: In phase 1, 6 rabbits were administered 15 mg/kg CBD with 16.

Comparison of intraosseous and intravenous iodinated contrast administration for CT imaging in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis).

Establishing and maintaining intravenous access for contrast medium during CT imaging can be difficult in birds due to their small size and thin walled vessels. Intraosseous (IO) catheters are an alternative to intravenous catheters and are often used for fluid or medication administration in birds. To determine the feasibility of IO iodinated contrast enhancement for CT in birds, 10 adult Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis) weighing 260-325 g, were enrolled in a prospective randomized blinded crossover group study to evaluate the differences in contrast route administration.

Plasma Vitamin D (25-Hydroxyvitamin D) Levels in Hispaniolan Amazon Parrots () Housed Indoors Over Time.

Vitamin D is a hormone that can be ingested or synthesized in the body when skin is exposed to ultraviolet radiation (UV), typically from sunlight. In captivity, birds with no sunlight exposure may develop vitamin D deficiencies that may contribute to hypocalcemic conditions, even when fed a diet supplemented with vitamin D. An initial pilot study with Hispaniolan Amazon parrots () conducted approximately 18 mo prior indicated there were significant differences in the 25-hydroxyvitamin D (vit D) plasma levels between the resident parrots (indoor-only housing) and a new group of historically outdoor-housed parrots (new parrots) 5 days after the arrival of the latter at our institution.

Obesity in Pediatric-Onset Multiple Sclerosis: A French Cohort Study.

Objective: To study the link between a high body mass index (BMI) in childhood and the occurrence of pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) and to compare, within the MS population, the clinical-radiologic-biological characteristics, according to BMI.

Methods: A case-control study comparing BMI data of 60 patients with POMS (39 girls and 21 boys) at Bicêtre Hospital with that of 113 non-neurologic controls NNCs (68 girls and 45 boys) and 18,614 healthy controls HCs (9,271 girls and 9,343 boys) was performed. Crude BMI (cBMI), residual BMI (rBMI = measured BMI - expected BMI for age), -score (rBMI/SD), and adult equivalent categories (International Obesity Task Force ≥25 = overweight, ≥30 = obese) were assessed.

Pilot Study of a Single Dose of Orally Administered Tapentadol Suspension in Hispaniolan Amazon Parrots ().

Tapentadol is an analgesic agent that acts as both a µ-opioid receptor agonist and a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor. It is a common therapeutic agent in human medicine for management of acute and chronic pain, and it is currently being investigated for use in veterinary medicine. Tapentadol was evaluated in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots () because there is only 1 other oral opioid-like analgesic agent, tramadol, which has been evaluated in an avian species.

EFFECTS OF DOXYCYCLINE HYCLATE, ONE PERCENT POLIDOCANOL, AND ABSOLUTE ETHANOL ON THE CUTANEOUS AND SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUES OF CHICKENS () AND THE POTENTIAL IMPLICATIONS IN TREATING CERVICOCEPHALIC DIVERTICULA RUPTURE.

The objective of this pilot study was to examine the histologic effects associated with three known sclerosing agents and their ability to induce fibrosis in the subcutaneous space between the cervicocephalic air sac and skin. In the future, these drugs may prove useful in treating birds experiencing cervicocephalic diverticula rupture. The agents used were 1% polidocanol, absolute ethanol, and doxycycline hyclate.

Unusual Pathologic Brain Changes Associated with Zinc Toxicosis in a Blue-Fronted Amazon Parrot (Amazona aestiva).

An adult blue-fronted Amazon parrot (Amazona aestiva) was presented for a 6-wk history of ataxia and weight loss. Complete blood count, plasma chemistry panel, bile acids, and radiographic imaging were considered normal or unremarkable. The patient was hospitalized and supported with subcutaneous fluids, vitamin B complex, meloxicam, enrofloxacin, gavage feeding, and fenbendazole.

Micro-geographic shift between negligible and actuarial senescence in a wild snake.

While it has long been known that species have contrasted life expectancy (pace of mortality) and generation time (pace of reproduction), recent studies have also uncovered that the shape of adult age trajectories of mortality and reproduction can vary remarkably among species along a continuum of senescence ranging from strong deterioration (senescence), insignificant deterioration (negligible senescence) to improvement with advancing age (negative senescence). As for many long-lived ectotherms with asymptotic growth and increasing reproductive output with age, snakes are good candidates for negligible senescence to occur. Yet, intraspecific variation in the pace and shape of actuarial and reproductive senescence across wild populations of these species remains to be explored.

Treatment of Exuberant Granulation Tissue in an Umbrella Cockatoo () with Strontium Radiation.

A 26-year-old female umbrella cockatoo () was presented for reoccurrence of a soft tissue mass extending from a fractured area of the rhinotheca. The mass was originally observed 12 years before, after unknown trauma. Histopathology after initial removal was consistent with inflammatory granulation tissue.

Evaluation of Orally Administered Atorvastatin on Plasma Lipid and Biochemistry Profiles in Hypercholesterolemic Hispaniolan Amazon Parrots ().

Atorvastatin is a synthetic statin administered in its active form and used for the treatment of dyslipidemias. In the current study, the effects of atorvastatin were evaluated on plasma lipid profiles and the potential for adverse effects after once daily PO dosing of atorvastatin for 30 days in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (). Sixteen adult parrots (10 female, 6 male) with hypercholesterolemia were used for this study.