Reconstruction of nanoscale particles from single-shot wide-angle free-electron-laser diffraction patterns with physics-informed neural networks.

Single-shot wide-angle diffraction imaging is a widely used method to investigate the structure of noncrystallizing objects such as nanoclusters, large proteins, or even viruses. Its main advantage is that information about the three-dimensional structure of the object is already contained in a single image. This makes it useful for the reconstruction of fragile and nonreproducible particles without the need for tomographic measurements.