Chanterelles are one of the most highly valued wild edible mushroom genera worldwide. This work aimed to investigate the nutritional characteristics and volatile compounds' profile of for the first time. Proximate analysis was performed according to the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, while the mineral contents and the volatile compounds were determined using ICP-MS and GC-MS, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Hospitalization may have a major impact on older patients as it is often a period of psychosocial vulnerability. Music is one of the most described art forms used in healthcare. Applied in clinical settings, it can affect a patients' emotional and psychosocial well-being.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe herb of (Fabaceae), commonly known as blue fenugreek, is used for the production of traditional cheese and bread varieties in the Alpine region. Despite its frequent consumption, only one study so far has focused on the constituent pattern of blue fenugreek, revealing qualitative information on some flavor-determining constituents. However, with regard to the volatile constituents present in the herb, the applied methods were insufficient and did not take relevant terpenoids into account.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn plants, homospermidine synthase (HSS) is a pathway-specific enzyme initiating the biosynthesis of pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), which function as a chemical defense against herbivores. In PA-producing Convolvulaceae ("morning glories"), HSS originated from deoxyhypusine synthase at least >50 to 75 million years ago via a gene duplication event and subsequent functional diversification. To study the recruitment of this ancient gene duplicate to PA biosynthesis, the presence of putative gene copies in 11 Convolvulaceae species was analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolyamines are important metabolites in plant development and abiotic and biotic stress responses. Copper-containing amine oxidases (CuAOs) are involved in the regulation of polyamine levels in the cell. CuAOs oxidize primary amines to their respective aldehydes and hydrogen peroxide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComfrey is a medicinal plant, extracts of which are traditionally used for the treatment of painful inflammatory muscle and joint problems, because the plant contains allantoin and rosmarinic acid. However, its medicinal use is limited because of its toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) content. PAs encompass more than 400 different compounds that have been identified from various plant lineages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn pediatric health care, non-pharmacological interventions such as music therapy have promising potential to complement traditional medical treatment options in order to facilitate recovery and well-being. Music therapy and other music-based interventions are increasingly applied in the clinical treatment of children and adolescents in many countries world-wide. The purpose of this overview is to examine the evidence regarding the effectiveness of music therapy and other music-based interventions as applied in pediatric health care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are a typical class of plant secondary metabolites that are constitutively produced as part of the plant's chemical defense. While roots are a well-established site of pyrrolizidine alkaloid biosynthesis, comfrey plants (Symphytum officinale; Boraginaceae) have been shown to additionally activate alkaloid production in specialized leaves and accumulate PAs in flowers during a short developmental stage in inflorescence development. To gain a better understanding of the accumulation and role of PAs in comfrey flowers and fruits, we have dissected and analyzed their tissues for PA content and patterns.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis protocol delivers a method to determine the biosynthetic capability of comfrey leaves for pyrrolizidine alkaloids independently from other organs like roots or flowers. The protocol applies and combines radioactive tracer experiments with standard and modern techniques like thin layer chromatography (TLC), solid-phase extraction (SPE), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMusic therapy (MT) and music-based interventions (MBIs) are increasingly used for the treatment of substance use disorders (SUD). Previous reviews on the efficacy of MT emphasized the dearth of research evidence for this topic, although various positive effects were identified. Therefore, we conducted a systematic search on published articles examining effects of music, MT and MBIs and found 34 quantitative and six qualitative studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are toxic secondary metabolites that are found in several distantly related families of the angiosperms. The first specific step in PA biosynthesis is catalyzed by homospermidine synthase (HSS), which has been recruited several times independently by duplication of the gene encoding deoxyhypusine synthase, an enzyme involved in the posttranslational activation of the eukaryotic initiation factor 5A. HSS shows highly diverse spatiotemporal gene expression in various PA-producing species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The objective of this survey was to investigate undergraduate German medical students' attitudes toward child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP) and to describe the characteristics of students considering CAP as a possible career choice.
Methods: The authors conducted a cross-sectional, multicenter survey of medical students (at the time of their first CAP lecture) at seven German medical schools. The students completed an anonymous self-report questionnaire, asking about their attitude toward CAP and their view of CAP as a possible career choice.
Z Kinder Jugendpsychiatr Psychother
March 2012
Objective: In child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP) lectures are the most common teaching format for medical students. Besides conveying basic knowledge and skills related to the medical management of children and adolescents with mental health problems, lectures also play a decisive role in the recruitment of future residents for this discipline. Thus, knowledge of the expectations of medical students of lectures is a crucial factor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEating disorders do not typically occur in conjunction with specific neurological disorders. Only very few cases of Guillain-Barré-Syndrome (GBS) associated with eating disorders have been reported. The objective of this paper is to describe and discuss a case of anorexia nervosa and concomittant chronic GBS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZ Kinder Jugendpsychiatr Psychother
July 2008
Objectives: Although music therapy is very common in child and adolescent psychiatry, no data are available that describe the working conditions for music therapists or the situation with regard to coverage of the patient population.
Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire study in all German hospitals of child and adolescent psychiatry with inpatient treatment programmes (n = 134) collected data on the structure and content of the respective music therapy treatment offered.
Results: 63.
For most of us, songs and nursery rhymes have a special emotional quality and, thus, are part of the basic repertoire of a music therapist. This paper outlines the meaning and applicability of songs in music therapy with children. The first part discusses the significance of songs within the context of developmental psychology, referring to the development of basic psychological functions such as motorical skills, language, cognition, emotion, mental representations, motivation and intention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZ Kinder Jugendpsychiatr Psychother
January 2007
Biological determinants of mental illness in children and adolescents, such as genetic predisposition, gene x environment interactions, structural or functional brain abnormalities, and endocrine dysfunction are poorly understood. We report here on the foundation of and first achievements by a network of young professionals in the area of child and adolescent psychiatry that fosters biological research. YIBcap--Young Investigators in Biological child and adolescent psychiatry was founded in December 2005 and currently comprises 33 scientists from more than ten different German university hospitals, and seven internationally renowned senior advisors.
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