Insurance approval rates for collagenase clostridium histolyticum prior to discontinuation: a Canada-wide analysis.

Collagenase Clostridium histolyticum (CCh), the first approved non-surgical treatment for Peyronie's disease (PD), was withdrawn from the European, Canadian, and Asian markets due to poor demand and lack of government reimbursement options. We sought to assess insurance approval rates and usage of CCh across Canada to understand the factors that led to its withdrawal. Data on patients prescribed CCh for PD or Dupuytren's contracture was obtained through collaboration with BioScript Solutions to assess the association of variables with insurance approval and prescription filling.

The value of magnetic resonance imaging-ultrasound fusion targeted biopsies for clinical decision-making among patients with previously negative transrectal ultrasound biopsy and persistent prostate-specific antigen elevation.

Introduction: Targeted biopsy approaches have been shown to increase the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) within index prostate lesions. We report our initial experience with magnetic resonance imaging-ultrasound fusion biopsies (MRI-TB) in a population of men who had a previously negative transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) biopsy, persistent prostate-specific antigen (PSA) elevation, and ongoing suspicion of PCa. Patients were followed prospectively to assess for changes in clinical management following targeted biopsy.

Functional Adrenocortical Carcinoma: A Rare Case With Thrombus Extension Into the Inferior Vena Cava and a Presentation of Cushing Syndrome.

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare, highly malignant endocrine tumor, often associated with a poor prognosis. Most patients who develop ACC are either children of ages 1-6, or adults in their fourth to fifth decade of life. Individuals with a functional cortisol-secreting ACC frequently present with Cushing syndrome.

Bladder neck necrosis resulting in fistulae to rectum and bilateral thighs post radical prostatectomy and salvage radiotherapy.

Salvage radiotherapy (SRT) is a widely used treatment option for patients demonstrating biochemical recurrence post radical prostatectomy. Urologists are familiar with common adverse effects of SRT, such as voiding and erectile dysfunction. In rare instances, more devastating complications can occur.

Fostering Undergraduate Medicine, Nursing, and Pharmacy Students' Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Using High Fidelity Simulation.

Background Interprofessional education is directly linked to high-quality patient care, however, it remains unclear whether senior undergraduate medicine, nursing, and pharmacy students are ready for interprofessional education using high fidelity human patient simulators. Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore student's readiness for interprofessional learning and determine whether participation in high fidelity interprofessional education resulted in higher levels of readiness for interprofessional learning. Methods An interventional program starting with a pre-test before the program and a post-test after the program ends were designed with 24 students.

Loss of CD24 in Mice Leads to Metabolic Dysfunctions and a Reduction in White Adipocyte Tissue.

CD24 is a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked cell surface receptor that is involved in regulating the survival or differentiation of several different cell types. CD24 has been used to identify pre-adipocytes that are able to reconstitute white adipose tissue (WAT) in vivo. Moreover, we recently found that the dynamic upregulation of CD24 in vitro during early phases of adipogenesis is necessary for mature adipocyte development.