Using Spinal Anesthesia and a Fracture Table for Closed Reduction of an Obturator Foramen Hip Dislocation: A Case Report.

Case: A 37-year-old man with a right obturator foramen hip dislocation underwent closed reduction under spinal anesthesia with the use of a fracture traction table.

Conclusion: This novel technique provides surgeons and anesthesiologists an alternative method of treating obturator foramen hip dislocations that provides a more controlled reduction and less need for assistants.

Well-Leg Compartment Syndrome Due to Hemilithotomy Positioning after Arthroscopic Reconstruction of the PCL.

Introduction: Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) occurs due to decreased perfusion of an osseofascial space due to increased compartmental pressure. Due to its potentially devastating sequelae, emphasis is placed on its prompt diagnosis. While fractures continue to be the most common cause of ACS, mechanisms such as crush injuries and even surgical positioning are described etiologies of compartment syndrome.

Implementation of a pediatric trauma cervical spine clearance pathway.

Purpose: Pediatric cervical spine injuries are rare events. Missed injuries must be weighed against radiation exposure and excess resource utilization in a young population. A universal pediatric cervical spine clearance algorithm does not exist.

Benefits of a family-centered approach to pediatric induction of anesthesia.

Background/purpose: We initiated a pediatric surgical program including a caregiver for the induction of anesthesia. We measured preoperative midazolam administration, preoperative time, induction time, and program satisfaction.

Methods: Families with children undergoing surgery during the study period were included.

Use of the STROBE Checklist to Evaluate the Reporting Quality of Observational Research in Obstetrics.

Objective: To evaluate observational research manuscripts submitted to Obstetrics & Gynecology to determine the level of adherence to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist and highlight specific areas that could be improved.

Methods: A scoring system based on the STROBE checklist was developed and validated for consistency by volunteer medical students or doctors. Using this scoring system, we performed a cross-sectional analysis on 198 observational research manuscripts submitted to Obstetrics & Gynecology from 2008 to 2016.

Subspecialty Influence on Scientific Peer Review for an Obstetrics and Gynecology Journal With a High Impact Factor.

Objective: To evaluate whether quality of peer review and reviewer recommendation differ based on reviewer subspecialty in obstetrics and gynecology and to determine the role of experience on reviewer recommendation.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of reviews submitted to Obstetrics & Gynecology between January 2010 and December 2014. Subspecialties were determined based on classification terms selected by each reviewer and included all major obstetrics and gynecology subspecialties, general obstetrics and gynecology, and nonobstetrics and gynecology categories.

Single institutional experience using biological mesh for abdominal wall reconstruction.

Background: Complex ventral hernias remain a challenge. We present a study evaluating outcomes of complex ventral hernia repair using human-derived acellular dermal matrix (AlloDerm) and porcine-derived acellular dermal sheet (Permacol).

Methods: A retrospective review of 251 patients undergoing complex hernia repair was performed.

Does sedation type affect colonoscopy perforation rates?

Background: Sedation with propofol is gaining popularity. It is unclear whether sedation with propofol is associated with colonoscopic perforation.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare perforation rates during colonoscopy using sedation with or without propofol.

Impact of the new 16-hour duty period on pediatric interns' neonatal education.

Objective: To assess the impact of the 16-duty hour restriction on pediatric interns' neonatal education.

Method: Survey of interns clinical and educational experiences during their neonatal rotations.

Results: A total of 316 respondents in 2011, who worked >16 hours, were compared with 509 respondents in 2012, who worked ≤16 hours.

The relationship of newborn adiposity to fetal growth outcome based on birth weight or the modified neonatal growth assessment score.

Objectives: (1) Develop reference ranges of neonatal adiposity using air displacement plethysmography. (2) Use new reference ranges for neonatal adiposity to compare two different methods of evaluating neonatal nutritional status.

Methods: Three hundred and twenty-four normal neonates (35-41 weeks post-menstrual age) had body fat (%BF) and total fat mass (FM, g) measured using air displacement plethysmography shortly after delivery.

An analysis of fine needle aspiration versus core needle biopsy in clinically palpable breast lesions: a report on the predictive values and a cost comparison.

Background: Although fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is an established tool in the biopsy of breast masses, there has been a trend toward using core-needle biopsy (CNB). The aim of this study was to determine whether FNA has comparable predictive value with CNB and whether FNA is more cost effective.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on 162 patients who underwent either FNA or CNB of palpable breast lesions and had histologic confirmation with surgical biopsy in calendar year 2005.

Risk factors for anastomotic leak and mortality in diabetic patients undergoing colectomy: analysis from a statewide surgical quality collaborative.

Objectives: To determine the risk factors in diabetic patients that are associated with increased postcolectomy mortality and anastomotic leak.

Design: A prospectively acquired statewide database of patients who underwent colectomy was reviewed. Primary risk factors were diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia (glucose level ≥ 140 mg/dL), steroid use, and emergency surgery.

Characterizing the dynamics of CD4+ T cell priming within a lymph node.

Generating adaptive immunity postinfection or immunization requires physical interaction within a lymph node T zone between Ag-bearing dendritic cells (DCs) and rare cognate T cells. Many fundamental questions remain regarding the dynamics of DC-CD4+ T cell interactions leading to priming. For example, it is not known how the production of primed CD4+ T cells relates to the numbers of cognate T cells, Ag-bearing DCs, or peptide-MHCII level on the DC.

A comparison of random vs. chemotaxis-driven contacts of T cells with dendritic cells during repertoire scanning.

Generating adaptive immunity after infection or immunization requires physical interactions within a lymph node (LN) T-zone between antigen-bearing dendritic cells (DCs) that arrive from peripheral tissues and rare cognate T cells entering via high endothelial venules (HEVs). This interaction results in activation of cognate T cells, expansion of that T cell lineage and their exit from the LN T-zone via efferent lymphatics (ELs). How antigen-specific T cells locate DCs within this complex environment is controversial, and both random T cell migration and chemotaxis have been proposed.

Toward a multiscale model of antigen presentation in immunity.

A functioning immune system and the process of antigen presentation in particular encompass events that occur at multiple length and time scales. Despite a wealth of information in the biological literature regarding each of these scales, no single representation synthesizing this information into a model of the overall immune response as it depends on antigen presentation is available. In this article, we outline an approach for integrating information over relevant biological and temporal scales to generate such a representation for major histocompatibility complex class II-mediated antigen presentation.

Blood pressure during the first 7 days in premature infants born at postmenstrual age 23 to 25 weeks.

Our aims were to identify the range of blood pressure values during the first postnatal week in infants born between 23 and 25 weeks postmenstrual age who were not considered in need of treatment for hypotension, and to describe the clinical course of these untreated infants compared with those who were treated for hypotension. We reviewed retrospectively the charts of 142 consecutive inborn infants over a 6-year period. For 86 infants who survived the first postnatal week without being treated for hypotension, the mean arterial pressure (MAP) increased 0.

Long-term follow-up with stress echocardiograms of patients with Kawasaki's disease.

Patients with a history of Kawasaki's disease (KD), particularly those not treated with intravenous gamma-globulin, are at risk of coronary artery aneurysms and later obstruction. Twenty-eight patients with a history of KD (4 had coronary artery aneurysms) were examined with stress echocardiograms. Fourteen patients received gamma-globulin < or =10 days of the onset, 8 patients received gamma-globulin >10 days and 6 received no gamma-globulin.