A systematic review on artificial intelligence evaluating PSMA PET scan for intraprostatic cancer.

Objectives: To assess artificial intelligence (AI) ability to evaluate intraprostatic prostate cancer (PCa) on prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA PET) scans prior to active treatment (radiotherapy or prostatectomy).

Materials And Methods: This systematic review was registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO identifier: CRD42023438706). A search was performed on Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Engineering Village with the following terms: 'artificial intelligence', 'prostate cancer', and 'PSMA PET'.

Implementing routine use of self-removed ureteric stents on extraction strings: prospective patient-reported outcome measures and complications.

Purpose: Ureteric stents placed after ureteroscopy typically require cystoscopy for removal. Stent extraction strings allow the option of patient self-removal. This facilitates shorter stent dwell time, and cost-savings.

Conversions in pediatric robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery.

Background: New technology attracts necessary concerns regarding safety and effectiveness, including the risk and circumstances of conversions. This study analyses our 11-year experience of conversions from a dedicated pediatric robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery service.

Methods: Consecutive patients were evaluated from a prospective database for the period March 2006 to May 2017.

Improving quality and efficiency of care for advanced appendicitis in children.

Background: Complicated appendicitis encompasses a spectrum of severity with heterogeneity in definition and substantial variation in care. Enhanced recovery after surgery or 'fast-track' protocols aim to reduce practice variation by standardizing care. These initiatives may improve quality and efficiency of care, preserve resources and expedite discharge.

The coronal aorto-mesenteric orientation theory for post-operative nausea and vomiting following scoliosis surgery in children: a pilot study.

Background: Post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is often encountered following corrective scoliosis surgery in children, frequently attributed to high-dose opiate administration. PONV is a frequent cause of prolonged hospital stay. Mechanisms related to transient partial duodenal compression by narrow angulation of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and aorta following scoliosis surgery are poorly understood and might be implicated in PONV.

Testicular Appendage Torsion-To Explore the Other Side or Not?

Objective: To investigate and compare the risks vs benefits of synchronous contralateral scrotal compartment exploration when testicular appendage torsion is diagnosed intra-operatively.

Methods: Emergency scrotal explorations performed at the Women's and Children's Hospital between 2002 and 2017 were retrospectively analysed to identify patients with testicular appendage torsion. Primary outcome measures were metachronous acute scrotum re-presentations and returns to theatre.

Incidence and outcomes of neuroblastoma in Australian children: A population-based study (1983-2015).

Aim: Neuroblastoma predominantly affects younger children and exhibits heterogeneous behaviour. This study describes incidence and outcomes for neuroblastoma using national population-based data from the Australian Childhood Cancer Registry.

Methods: Deidentified data for all children (0-14 years) diagnosed with neuroblastoma and ganglioneuroblastoma from 1983 to 2015 were extracted.

Renal tumours in Australian children: 30 years of incidence, outcome and second primary malignancy data from the Australian Childhood Cancer Registry.

Aim: This paper describes the incidence and outcomes of childhood renal malignancies in Australia using national population-based data from the Australian Childhood Cancer Registry.

Methods: De-identified data for children (0-14 years) diagnosed with renal malignancies from 1983 to 2015 inclusive were extracted. Cause-specific (CSS) and event-free survival up to 20 years from diagnosis were estimated using the cohort method.

Sutured point-fixation versus Jaboulay fixation for salvaged testicular torsion in children.

Background: Surgical techniques for fixation of the testis are varied and subject to ongoing debate. Non-sutured techniques may avoid the theoretical morbidities of sutured fixation of the testis yet are criticized for insufficient prophylaxis against future torsion. This study aims to compare outcomes between sutured (point-fixation) versus Jaboulay fixation.

Fast-track surgery for acute appendicitis in children: a systematic review of protocol-based care.

Background: 'Fast-track' surgery protocols aim to standardize and rationalize post-operative care, with evidence of safety and efficacy in both uncomplicated and complicated childhood appendicitis. Generalization for broader adoption has been limited by variation in protocol design, including specific antibiotic choice, discharge criteria, post-operative monitoring and patient selection.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed to evaluate the current evidence underpinning fast-track protocols for childhood appendicitis and identify areas of consensus and controversy.

Otoplasty techniques in children: a comparative study of outcomes.

Background: Numerous otoplasty techniques have been described in the literature to correct prominent ears; however, few have focused on the complication rates. We reviewed our experience aiming to assess peri-operative care requirements and complication rates.

Method: We conducted a retrospective review of 207 otoplasty procedures performed in 119 patients over a 5-year period (2009-2014) at the Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide.

Global trends in paediatric robot-assisted urological surgery: a bibliometric and Progressive Scholarly Acceptance analysis.

The inaugural robot-assisted urological procedure in a child was performed in 2002. This study aims to catalogue the impact of this technology by utilizing bibliographic data as a surrogate measure for global diffusion activity and to appraise the quality of evidence in this field. A systematic literature search was performed to retrieve all reported cases of paediatric robot-assisted urological surgery published between 2003 and 2016.

Beware the Looping Vas Deferens in Orchidopexy.

A looping vas deferens may be present in up to 20% of undescended testes located within or proximal to the inguinal canal. This associated abnormality is vulnerable to transection during orchidopexy. We present an example of a very long looping vas to emphasize the importance of inspection for this anomaly, and demonstrate the extreme extent that a looping vas may extend.

Benchmarking the value of ultrasound for acute appendicitis in children.

Background: This study appraises the diagnostic quality of ultrasound for acute appendicitis in children and consequently challenges the perception of inferior accuracy and suitability compared to computed tomography (CT).

Methods: Radiologist reports for consecutive "query appendicitis" ultrasound studies were retrieved from a hospital database for the study period 2009-2014. Children who subsequently underwent appendicectomy were identified.

Fast-track surgery for uncomplicated appendicitis in children: a matched case-control study.

Background: Standardized post-operative protocols reduce variation and enhance efficiency in patient care. Patients may benefit from these initiatives by improved quality of care. This matched case-control study investigates the effect of a multidisciplinary criteria-led discharge protocol for uncomplicated appendicitis in children.

Bilateral perinatal testicular torsion: successful salvage supports emergency surgery.

Perinatal testicular torsion (PTT) has poor rates of testicular salvage. Although rare, bilateral PTT carries the risk of anorchia. We present a case of a 2-day-old term infant with acute onset right-sided scrotal discolouration and tenderness.