Development and psychometric properties of the Multidimensional Inventory of Recovery Capital (MIRC).

Background: Researchers have developed several instruments to measure recovery capital-the social, physical, human, and cultural resources that help people resolve alcohol and other drug problems. However, existing measures are hampered by theoretical and psychometric weaknesses. The current study reports on process and psychometric outcomes for the Multidimensional Inventory of Recovery Capital (MIRC), a novel measure of recovery capital.

Qualitative insights in item development for a comprehensive and inclusive measure of recovery capital.

Background: Item specification is foundational to measurement development but rarely reported in depth. We address this gap by explicating our use of qualitative methods to ground and develop items for a new recovery capital measure, the Multidimensional Inventory of Recovery Capital.

Method: We recruited a diverse sample of service providers ( = 9) and people in recovery from alcohol problems ( = 23) to provide feedback on an item pool assessing social, human, physical, community, and cultural capital.

Cannabis Adaptation During and After Alcohol Ignition Interlock Device Installation: A Longitudinal Study.

Objective: A common intervention to prevent alcohol-impaired driving are alcohol ignition interlock devices (IIDs), which prevent drivers with a blood alcohol concentration greater than .025% from starting the car. These devices force drivers to adapt their drinking to accommodate the device.

Examining the role of trauma in alcohol interlock performance: A structural pathway analysis.

Objective: Self-medication using alcohol is a common coping response among individuals dealing with trauma as is driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI). A common intervention for drivers convicted of DUI, is an alcohol ignition interlock device (IID)-which requires breath samples before starting the car. If the sample is above a predetermined limit (.

Convicted drinking and driving offenders: Comparing alcohol use before and after the pandemic outbreak.

Background: Before the COVID-19 pandemic, very little was known about the impact of social isolation on individuals' alcohol use and misuse. This study examines how socially isolated individuals with a history of heavy drinking used alcohol during the pandemic.

Methods: Data for this study came from an add-on to the Managing Heavy Drinking (MHD) longitudinal study of drivers convicted of DWI that was conducted in Erie County, New York.

Understanding non-installers of the ignition interlock device: A qualitative analysis.

Introduction: Literature notes the efficacious use of alcohol ignition interlock devices (IID) in reducing rates of drinking and driving while installed on the vehicle. Some drivers who are convicted of driving while intoxicated (DWI) elect to have their license suspended/revoked instead of installing the device. These individuals represent a high-risk subsample of drivers, yet limited literature has addressed this concern.

Changes in Alcohol Use and Drinking and Driving Outcomes From Before Arrest for Driving Under the Influence to After Interlock Removal.

Background: Half of the offenders convicted of impaired driving in the United States are sentenced to install alcohol ignition interlock devices (IIDs), which prevent them from starting their vehicles if they have been drinking. No research has yet explored offenders' patterns of alcohol consumption and driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI) from the time before the arrest to the time period after the IID is installed. This study aims to fill that gap in knowledge.

Typologies of Drivers Convicted of Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol as Predictors of Alcohol Ignition Interlock Performance.

Background: Alcohol ignition interlock devices (IIDs) reduce rates of drinking and driving when installed on the vehicles of offenders. While the IID is installed on their vehicle, some drivers adapt their drinking behaviors, while others cannot. Heavy alcohol use and mental health concerns reduce treatment adherence in clinical settings, but it has not yet known how they pertain to behavioral adaptation to IIDs.

The impact of interlock installation on driving behavior and drinking behavior related to driving.

Objective: There is a substantial body of evidence that the recidivism of impaired-driving offenders is reduced while an ignition interlock device (IID) is on their vehicles. This study examines changes in driving behaviors and drinking behaviors used by DWI offenders to manage driving with the IID.

Methods: A total of 166 IID participants who completed two surveys covering the period from arrest to IID installation (T1) and during IID use (T2) were examined.

Resilience to mental health problems and the role of deployment status among U.S. Army Reserve and National Guard Soldiers.

Purpose: Research suggests that interpersonal and intrapersonal resiliency factors protect against poor post-deployment mental health outcomes among Reserve/Guard soldiers who have been deployed. There is increasing awareness that never-deployed soldiers are also at risk. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between resiliency factors and a range of mental health outcomes among a sample of United States Army Reserve and National Guard (USAR/NG) soldiers who have and have not experienced deployment.

Potential for cannabis adaptation among participants in a drunk driving intervention.

Background: Some alcohol interventions have been found to have the adverse outcome of increasing non-alcohol-related substance use. It is unknown, however, how changes in alcohol use over the course of alcohol ignition interlocks - a common DUI intervention - may impact other substance use.

Methods: Alcohol and cannabis use were measured using hair ethylglucuronide and Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol concentrations in blood, respectively.

A structural regression analysis of trauma-informed climate factors, organizational commitment, and burnout among behavioral healthcare providers in a large public hospital.

As an approach to organizational change, trauma-informed care is contextualized within the broader organizational literature by examining the associations between organizational conditions (i.e., psychological experiences of choice and collaboration in the work environment) with precursors to organizational effectiveness (i.

Psychometric Properties of the Assessment of Recovery Capital (ARC) Instrument in a Diverse Low-Income Sample.

Recovery capital is a theoretical construct elucidating the resources that support recovery from addiction. The 50-item Assessment of Recovery Capital (ARC) instrument and related brief-format versions are the predominant measures of this construct. However, some of the ARC's psychometric properties are not well-established, particularly in racially and economically diverse populations.

Is deployment status the critical determinant of psychosocial problems among reserve/guard soldiers?

A general assumption that deployment is the primary catalyst for psychological and social difficulties may contribute to underrecognition and undertreatment of problems among never-deployed service members (i.e., having no history of ever being deployed).

Understanding the ecological context of mental, emotional, and behavioral health problems: A person-centered approach.

Aims: The social/environmental context of youth is important for mental, emotional, and behavioral (MEB) health. This study used person-oriented methods to examine the influences of family, neighborhood, and poverty on late adolescent MEB outcomes.

Methods: Latent class analysis was used to discern significant clusters of at-risk, diverse young men (N = 625) based on contextual factors; differences in MEB outcomes were examined.

Evaluating moderators of beneficial effects of severity-based assignment to substance use treatments in impaired drivers.

Remedial programs for impaired driving offenders have proved valuable in reducing subsequent alcohol and other drug use and preventing recidivism in this population. Many of these programs are based on a severity-based assignment scheme, where individuals assessed to have greater problems or be at higher risk are assigned to longer, more intensive interventions. Recent research, using regression discontinuity analyses, provided support for severity-based assignment schemes in demonstrating that those with higher problem or risk levels assigned to longer and more intensive programming showed a significant reduction in drinking days over a follow-up interval, attributable to program assignment.

A resilience framework: Sexual health trajectories of youth with maltreatment histories.

There is a wealth of knowledge regarding negative sexual outcomes experienced by youth with childhood maltreatment (CM) histories, yet a dearth of research examines healthy sexual development among these youth. This gap exists despite evidence of resilience highlighting alternative and healthy physical, social, and psychological futures for youth who were abused. This study tested whether trajectories of resilience identified in studies of psychological functioning were applicable to sexual health.

Gender Differences in Complex Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms, and Their Relationship to Mental Health and Substance Abuse Outcomes in Incarcerated Adults.

Complex trauma (CT; for example, childhood abuse) has been associated with significant behavioral health problems (i.e., mental health and substance use disorders) and symptoms that are consistent with complex posttraumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD).

Time spent online: Latent profile analyses of emerging adults' social media use.

Studies of youth social media use (SMU) often focus on its frequency, measuring time they spend online. While informative, this perspective is only one way of viewing SMU. Consistent with uses and gratification theory, another is to consider youth spend their time online (i.

A parenting education program for women in treatment for opioid-use disorder at an outpatient medical practice.

Opioid use during pregnancy poses serious risks for the mother and the unborn child. Opioid-use disorder may be managed with medication-assisted treatment (MAT) in an outpatient setting, but few MAT practices specifically address the challenges faced by pregnant women. This article describes a medical office-based educational support group for women in MAT for opioid-use disorder who were pregnant and/or parenting young children.

Examining the Relationship between Psychological Functioning, Childhood Trauma, and Types of Perceived Coercion Among Drug Court Enrollees: Results from A Pilot Study.

Background: Drug court interventions produce positive results-especially among mandated populations. Many criminal justice-involved persons, including drug court enrollees, have cooccurring substance abuse and childhood trauma disorders associated with psychological dysfunction. Given the coercive nature of mandated drug court treatment, it is important to understand whether childhood trauma and psychological functioning influence perceived coercion to enter treatment.

Empathy in Dentistry: How Attitudes and Interaction With Older Adults Make a Difference.

The development of empathy and positive attitudes are essential elements of professional education. This study explored the nature of empathy and its association with attitudes about, and exposure to older patients in a sample of dental students. Students completed an adapted version of the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE), the Aging Semantic Differential (ASD) and answered questions about their exposure to older people.

Relationship of aggression, negative affect, substance use problems, and childhood delinquency to DWI recidivism.

Background: Driving under the influence remains a pervasive problem. Approximately 30% of those arrested for impaired driving offenses each year are repeat offenders, suggesting that current rehabilitative efforts are not sufficiently effective for reducing driving while intoxicated (DWI) recidivism. Aggression, negative affect, substance use problems, and childhood delinquency have been noted in the population of impaired drivers, but study of these variables on recidivism has been limited.

Examining the validity of the adapted Alabama Parenting Questionnaire-Parent Global Report Version.

The purpose of the present study was to comprehensively examine the validity of an adapted version of the parent global report form of the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (APQ) with respect to its factor structure, relationships with demographic and response style covariates, and differential item functioning (DIF). The APQ was adapted by omitting the corporal punishment and the other discipline items. The sample consisted of 674 Canadian and United States families having a 9- to 12-year-old child and at least 1 parent figure who had received treatment within the past 5 years for alcohol problems or met criteria for alcohol abuse or dependence.

Demographic and Environmental Factors Associated With Successful Day School Treatment Program Outcomes.

In this study the authors examine the impact of admission characteristics of 105 students admitted to a day school treatment program on outcomes. Those who graduated, earned a general education diploma (GED), or were returned to a regular classroom setting were categorized as successful and those placed in a more restrictive settings (including detention), dropped out, or left the program with no known outcome were unsuccessful. The sample was largely male (n = 78, 74.