A Phase 1a/1b Study of Fostroxacitabine Bralpamide (Fostrox) Monotherapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Solid Tumor Liver Metastases.

Purpose: To evaluate safety, preliminary efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics, of fostroxacitabine bralpamide (fostrox, MIV-818), a novel oral troxacitabine nucleotide prodrug designed to direct exposure to the liver, while minimizing systemic toxicity.

Patients And Methods: Fostrox monotherapy was administered in an open-label, single-arm, first-in-human, phase 1a/1b study, in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, or solid tumor liver metastases. The first part (1a) consisted of intra/inter-patient escalating doses (3 mg to 70 mg) QD for up to 5 days, and the second part (1b), doses of 40 mg QD for 5 days, in 21-day cycles.

Peripheral Ulcerative Keratitis: Clinical Characteristics, Differential Diagnoses and Therapeutic Concepts.

Peripheral ulcerative keratitis (PUK) is an inflammatory disease of the peripheral cornea, which may frequently be associated with several rare, but potentially life-threatening systemic diseases. The inflammatory pathogenesis of PUK results from humoral and cell-mediated inflammation. The diagnosis is usually based on the typical clinical findings and always requires detailed diagnostic testing to identify a potential systemic underlying disease.

Giant Cell Arteritis.

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common primary vasculitis and is associated with potential bilateral blindness. Neither clinical nor laboratory evidence is simple and unequivocal for this disease, which usually requires rapid and reliable diagnosis and therapy. The ophthalmologist should consider GCA with the following ocular symptoms: visual loss or visual field defects, transient visual disturbances (amaurosis fugax), diplopia, eye pain, or new onset head or jaw claudication.

[Surgical therapy and pathogen detection in endogenous endophthalmitis : Analysis of data from five German eye hospitals].

Background: Endogenous endophthalmitis results from hematogenous spread of bacterial or fungal infection in severely diseased patients. Specific systemic and intraocular therapy is required. The basis for this treatment is causal pathogen detection in blood culture or vitreous sample.

[Bacterial endogenous endophthalmitis : Spectrum of pathogens and drug therapy].

Endogenous endophthalmitis represents an ophthalmological emergency requiring immediate diagnostics and treatment. Pathogens should be detected using appropriate methods, such as the Freiburg endophthalmitis set. In bacterial endophthalmitis both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria can be detected.

XEN-45 implantation for refractory uveitic glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of XEN-45 gel stent ab interno implantation for medically uncontrolled uveitic glaucoma.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 25 eyes receiving XEN gel stent for medically uncontrolled uveitic glaucoma from February 2019 to February 2023 with recording of intraocular pressure (IOP) values, ocular hypotensive medication, requirement for revision or secondary surgery and complications. Prerequisites for XEN implantation were a clear cornea, an open iridocorneal angle and an unscarred, mobile conjunctiva at the implantation site.

Yolk sac cell atlas reveals multiorgan functions during human early development.

The extraembryonic yolk sac (YS) ensures delivery of nutritional support and oxygen to the developing embryo but remains ill-defined in humans. We therefore assembled a comprehensive multiomic reference of the human YS from 3 to 8 postconception weeks by integrating single-cell protein and gene expression data. Beyond its recognized role as a site of hematopoiesis, we highlight roles in metabolism, coagulation, vascular development, and hematopoietic regulation.

Incidence and long-term outcome of laser pointer maculopathy in children.

Purpose: Single center study to evaluate the incidence and long-term outcome of laser pointer maculopathy (LPM).

Methods: Medical records of 909,150 patients visiting our institution between 2007 and 2020 were screened in our electronic patient record system using the keywords "laserpointer," "laser pointer," and "solar."

Results: Eight patients (6/2 male/female, 11 eyes) with a history of LPM were identified by fundoscopy and optical coherence tomography (OCT), all of whom were children (6/2 male/female).

An open source pipeline for quantitative immunohistochemistry image analysis of inflammatory skin disease using artificial intelligence.

Background: The application of artificial intelligence (AI) to whole slide images has the potential to improve research reliability and ultimately diagnostic efficiency and service capacity. Image annotation plays a key role in AI and digital pathology. However, the work-streams required for tissue-specific (skin) and immunostain-specific annotation has not been extensively studied compared with the development of AI algorithms.

Infectious Posterior Uveitis - Toxoplasmosis, Treponema, Tuberculosis (TTT).

Toxoplasma gondii, Treponema pallidum and Mycobacterium tuberculosis are the most important infectious causes of posterior uveitis. The epidemiology, clinical picture, diagnostic and treatment strategies of these diseases are presented.

A comparison of long-term results after Baerveldt 250 implantation in advanced uveitic vs. other forms of glaucoma.

Introduction: Uveitic glaucoma remains challenging despite medical and surgical advancements and can potentially lead to blindness if left uncontrolled. Conservative alternatives as well as microinvasive surgeries can postpone the necessity of a highly invasive intervention. However, such procedures are still necessary to treat some refractive glaucoma cases.

The Eye Van - An Evaluation of the Quality of Care of Visually Impaired People in the Rural Areas of South Baden.

Background: Especially in rural areas, access of visually impaired people to ophthalmic care and counselling can be limited. The Eye Van is a project supported by the Ministry for Rural Affairs and Consumer Protection Baden-Württemberg which offers visually impaired people an on-the-spot ophthalmological examination and counselling on low-vision aids and social support services. The aim of this project was to evaluate the quality of care provided to visually impaired people in the rural areas of South Baden.

Morphological and p40 immunohistochemical analysis of squamous differentiation in endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle biopsies of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

The basal-like molecular subtype of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with poor prognosis and upregulation in TP63ΔN (p40) network. Adenosquamous histology can be observed. This study assessed immunohistochemical p40 expression in fine needle biopsy (FNB) samples with PDAC and association with cytomorphological features of squamous differentiation and clinical data.

Blood and immune development in human fetal bone marrow and Down syndrome.

Haematopoiesis in the bone marrow (BM) maintains blood and immune cell production throughout postnatal life. Haematopoiesis first emerges in human BM at 11-12 weeks after conception, yet almost nothing is known about how fetal BM (FBM) evolves to meet the highly specialized needs of the fetus and newborn. Here we detail the development of FBM, including stroma, using multi-omic assessment of mRNA and multiplexed protein epitope expression.

Consensus Recommendations for the Diagnosis of Vitreoretinal Lymphoma.

Purpose: To provide recommendations for diagnosis of vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL).

Methods: Literature was reviewed for reports supporting the diagnosis of VRL. A questionnaire (Delphi 1 round) was distributed to 28 participants.

Case Report: Blurred Vision and Eruptive Nevi - Bilateral Diffuse Uveal Melanocytic Proliferation With Mucocutaneous Involvement in a Lung Cancer Patient.

We describe a case of a 65-year old patient presenting with unusual mucocutaneous melanocytic proliferations of a Bilateral Diffuse Uveal Melanocytic Proliferation (BDUMP) imitating a multifocal melanoma in situ, which improved dramatically after plasmapheresis. The patient first presented at the dermatology department due to rapidly evolving brown and black macules on the glans penis. Further skin involvement of the perineal and perianal region, mamillae and oral mucosa was stated.

Developmental cell programs are co-opted in inflammatory skin disease.

The skin confers biophysical and immunological protection through a complex cellular network established early in embryonic development. We profiled the transcriptomes of more than 500,000 single cells from developing human fetal skin, healthy adult skin, and adult skin with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. We leveraged these datasets to compare cell states across development, homeostasis, and disease.

Correction: Design, development, testing at ISO standards and in vivo feasibility study of a novel polymeric heart valve prosthesis.

Correction for 'Design, development, testing at ISO standards and in vivo feasibility study of a novel polymeric heart valve prosthesis' by Joanna R. Stasiak et al., Biomater.

Design, development, testing at ISO standards and in vivo feasibility study of a novel polymeric heart valve prosthesis.

Clinically available prosthetic heart valves are life-saving, but imperfect: mechanical valves requiring anticoagulation therapy, whilst bioprosthetic valves have limited durability. Polymer valves offer the prospect of good durability without the need for anticoagulation. We report the design and development of a polymeric heart valve, its bench-testing at ISO standards, and preliminary extra-vivo and in vivo short-term feasibility.

[Ophthalmological Screening in Children and Adults with Intellectual Disability].

Introduction: Special Olympics Germany is the German association of the largest global movement to provide year-round sports training and athletic competition in a variety of Olympic-type sports for children and adults with intellectual and multiple disabilities. We offered all participants ophthalmological screening during the event in Offenburg, Baden-Württemberg, in 2017 as part of the health programme "Open Eyes - Better Vision".

Methods: A team of optometrists took medical histories, examined refraction status, visual acuity, colour vision and orthoptic status.

[Prevention of Recurrence of Ocular Toxoplasmosis - When? How? For Whom?].

Background: Ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) leads to permanent visual disturbances in a high proportion of patients. A combination of antibiotics and corticosteroids may reduce the risk of permanent visual impairment and may delay recurrence. In this overview, we summarise the current state of knowledge regarding the recurrence prophylaxis of OT.

Novel insights into retinal neovascularization secondary to central serous chorioretinopathy using 3D optical coherence tomography angiography.

Purpose: To describe the clinical presentation and novel anatomical features of a patient with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) complicated by retinal neovascularization (RNV).

Observations: A 48 year-old patient with a long-standing history of bilateral CSCR presented to our clinic complaining about a sudden onset of tiny floaters. Multimodal imaging including fundus autofluorescence (FAF), fundus fluorescein (FA) and ICG angiography (ICG) and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) confirmed the diagnosis of CSCR and revealed a pre-retinal neovascularization and concurring vitreous hemorrhage.

[Postoperative Quality Assurance After Cataract Surgery Via the Internet].

Background: Numerous surgeries in the field of ophthalmology take place on an outpatient basis or only as part of a short inpatient stay. The quality requirements are very high. Postoperative quality controls often can't be done by surgeons themselves because the postoperative aftercare is usually no longer carried out at the surgical centre but by the referring ophthalmologists.