Frontline clinic perspectives on climate change, human health, and resilience: a national cross-sectional survey.

Background: Frontline clinics - primary care clinics that predominantly serve low-income and socially disadvantaged communities - are facing increasing impacts from climate-related extreme events. This study evaluated staff perspectives at frontline clinics on the health risks of climate change, the impacts of extreme events on their clinics and patients, and their motivators to improve climate resiliency.

Methods: A national, cross-sectional survey was conducted of staff working at frontline clinics including administrators, case workers, and providers across the United States.

Conservation applications of niche modeling: Native and naturalized ferns may compete for limited Hawaiian dryland habitat.

Premise: Competition from naturalized species and habitat loss are common threats to native biodiversity and may act synergistically to increase competition for decreasing habitat availability. We use Hawaiian dryland ferns as a model for the interactions between land-use change and competition from naturalized species in determining habitat availability.

Methods: We used fine-resolution climatic variables and carefully curated occurrence data from herbaria and community science repositories to estimate the distributions of Hawaiian dryland ferns.

Breaking barriers: assessing the impact of clinical quality improvements on reducing health disparities in hypertension care among Mumbai's urban slums.

The clinical quality improvement initiatives, led by the organisation's Health Equity Working Group (HEWG), aim to support healthcare providers to provide equitable, quality hypertension care worldwide. After coordinating with the India team, we started monitoring the deidentified patient data collected through electronic health records between January and May 2021. After stratifying data by age, sex and residence location, the team found an average of 55.

Assessment of Covid-19 vaccine confidence among healthcare personnel in the safety-net sector in the United States and Puerto Rico.

Background: This study aimed to assess COVID-19 vaccine confidence among healthcare personnel in the safety net sector of the United States and Puerto Rico. This study aimed to examine the extent to which increased knowledge and positive attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccine safety and efficacy were associated with healthcare workers' COVID-19 vaccination status and their recommendation of the vaccine to all patients.

Methods: Online survey data were collected from health care workers working in Free and Charitable Clinics across the United States and Federally Qualified Health Centers in Puerto Rico.

Lemierre Syndrome With Streptococcus constellatus Bacteremia.

Lemierre syndrome is characterized by thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein (IJV) secondary to bacterial pharyngitis or tonsillitis. Though antibiotic use has made this a rarer syndrome, it can nevertheless manifest in patients presenting with pharyngitis. Herein, we describe a 20-year-old male patient with no relevant medical history presenting with signs concerning for pneumonia and was ultimately diagnosed with Lemierre syndrome with bacteremia.

Types of health service utilization in Mumbai slums: a community-based survey.

Objective: Sociodemographic factors play a crucial role in shaping the health-seeking behaviors of individuals residing in slum areas, particularly in their choice of healthcare facilities. Recognizing the importance of strengthening the existing healthcare systems, this research project was undertaken with the primary objective of comprehending the health-seeking behaviors among residents of Mumbai's slum dwellings in India. To achieve this goal, a comprehensive cross-sectional community needs assessment was conducted spanning from October 2018 to January 2019.

An Increase in Same-day Discharge After Total Joint Arthroplasty During the COVID-19 Pandemic Does Not Influence Patient Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused major transitions in total joint arthroplasty (TJA), notably with the increased utilization of same-day discharge (SDD) pathways. This study assessed the effect of accelerated discharge pathways following the resumption of elective cases during the COVID-19 pandemic on SDD rates, adverse events, and characteristics associated with successful SDD following total hip and total knee arthroplasty.

Methods: This retrospective study split patients into cohorts: TJA prior to COVID-19 (pre-COVID, July 2019-December 2019) and TJA following the resumption of elective surgeries (post-COVID, July 2020-December 2020).

Exploring perceived risk for COVID-19 and its role in protective behavior and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: a qualitative study after the first wave.

Background: The novel coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has had severe impacts on morbidity and mortality globally.

Methods: This study was set in rural central Kentucky and included participants recruited from public spaces. Fifteen qualitative interviews about personal experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic were conducted by phone from July 3 to July 24, 2020.

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of cervical cancer prevention and pap smears in two low-income communities in Lima, Peru.

Background: Cervical cancer is a leading cause of death among Peruvian women. Barriers at multiple levels impact effective screening and treatment, including a lack of knowledge about cervical cancer and how regular screening can reduce morbidity and mortality through earlier detection. The aim of this study is to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cervical cancer and its prevention in the peri-urban communities of Oasis and Pampas in southern Lima, Peru that can be used to inform future campaigns about cervical cancer prevention.

Poly(ethylene glycol) based nanotubes for tuneable drug delivery to glioblastoma multiforme.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive type of malignant brain tumour, which is associated with a poor two-year survival rate and a high rate of fatal recurrence near the original tumour. Focal/local drug delivery devices hold promise for improving therapeutic outcomes for GBM by increasing drug concentrations locally at the tumour site, or by facilitating the use of potent anti-cancer drugs that are poorly permeable across the blood brain barrier (BBB). For inoperable tumours, stereotactic delivery to the tumour necessitates the development of nanoscale/microscale injectable drug delivery devices.

Morphological, molecular and phylogenetic characterisation of Eimeria macyi Wheat, 1975 (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) in the eastern red bat Lasiurus borealis (Müller) from Mississippi, USA.

In November 2017, oöcysts of the coccidian Eimeria macyi Wheat, 1975 were isolated from the faeces of a single eastern red bat Lasiurus borealis Müller in Lowndes County, Mississippi, USA. Sporulated oöcysts, morphologically consistent with previous accounts of E. macyi in other chiropterans, were spherical to sub-spherical in shape with a highly mamillated outer wall that appears bi-layered.

Parental Influences on Heavy Episodic Drinking Development in the Transition to Early Adulthood.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine how parental relationship quality (communication frequency, time spent together, and closeness) during early adulthood is related to heavy episodic drinking (HED) during this developmental period and whether effects vary according to age, youth sex, or parent sex.

Methods: National data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics-Transition to Adulthood Study were analyzed. Youth participated in up to four interviews (2005, 2007, 2009, and 2011; n = 1,320-1,489) between ages 18-25 years.

Is it really good to talk? Testing the impact of providing concurrent verbal protocols on driving performance.

Questions have been raised regarding the impact that providing concurrent verbal protocols has on task performance in various settings; however, there has been little empirical testing of this in road transport. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of providing concurrent verbal protocols on driving performance. Participants drove an instrumented vehicle around a set route, twice whilst providing a concurrent verbal protocol, and twice without.

Perceived Discrimination and Heavy Episodic Drinking Among African-American Youth: Differences by Age and Reason for Discrimination.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine whether associations between perceived discrimination and heavy episodic drinking (HED) vary by age and by discrimination type (e.g., racial, age, physical appearance) among African-American youth.

The teaching/research trade-off in law: data from the right tail.

Background: There is a long scholarly debate on the trade-off between research and teaching in various fields, but relatively little study of the phenomenon in law. This analysis examines the relationship between the two core academic activities at one particular school, the University of Chicago Law School, which is considered one of the most productive in legal academia.

Method: We measure of scholarly productivity with the total number of publications by each professor for each year, and we approximate performance in teaching with course loads and average scores in student evaluations for each course.

Prioritization of pesticide environmental transformation products in drinking water supplies.

Receiving waters within catchments may be exposed to many different transformation products following the application of pesticides. As environmental waters are abstracted for drinking water treatment these compounds may pose a risk to human health. This paper describes a prioritization approach for identifying the most important transformation products in drinking water sources.

Pesticide usage in some vegetable crops in Great Britain: real on-farm applications.

The last decade has seen an increasing requirement throughout the United Kingdom (UK) for accurate, timely information on pesticide usage on fresh produce such as vegetables to satisfy government legislation and provide data as part of the registration and review process of pesticides. These data, collected by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affair's Pesticide Usage Survey Group (PUSG), provide information on current and past usage patterns and allow the impact of use on the environment, operator and consumer to be more accurately assessed from actual usage patterns rather than worst-case scenarios. Surveys of commercially grown carrot, Brussels sprouts and onion crops in Great Britain were undertaken at regular intervals between 1986 and 1999, using fully stratified samples of growers.