Carbohydrate Metabolism Differentiates and Species Growing in Beer.

Obligate anaerobic beer spoilage bacteria have been a menace to the brewing industry for several decades. Technological advances in the brewing process aimed at suppressing aerobic spoilers gave rise to problems with obligate anaerobes. In previous studies, the metabolic spectrum of and species has been described, but their metabolism in the beer environment remains largely unknown.

Optimizing the fermentation parameters in the Lactic Acid Fermentation of Legume-based Beverages- a statistically based fermentation.

Background: The market for beverages is highly changing within the last years. Increasing consumer awareness towards healthier drinks led to the revival of traditional and the creation of innovative beverages. Various protein-rich legumes were used for milk analogues, which might be also valuable raw materials for refreshing, protein-rich beverages.

Identification of key aroma compounds of faba beans (Vicia faba) and their development during germination - a SENSOMICS approach.

Faba beans are a promising source of valuable plant protein. However, their aroma impression is often a hindrance for the use in a broad range of food products. To develop mitigation strategies, a deeper insight into the faba bean aroma is required.

The modification of volatile and nonvolatile compounds in lupines and faba beans by substrate modulation and lactic acid fermentation to facilitate their use for legume-based beverages-A review.

Lupines and faba beans are promising ingredients for the beverage industry. They contain high amounts of protein and can be grown in different climate zones and agricultural areas. Therefore, these legumes appear as ideal raw material for vegan, functional, and sustainable beverages.

Northwest Native American Research Center for Health: A Summary of Fellowship Trainees' Success Over 15 Years of Funding.

117American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) continue to be severely underrepresented in biomedical research, particularly in principal investigator roles. Efforts to decrease health disparities have shifted to building research capacity and training highly skilled AI/AN health researchers who can conduct quality research within their tribal communities. Funded by the National Institutes of Health and the Indian Health Service, the Northwest Native American Research Centers for Health (NW NARCH) program has offered financial support and mentorship to 149 AI/AN biomedical and public health graduate students for the past 15 years.

Magnetic Separation in Bioprocessing Beyond the Analytical Scale: From Biotechnology to the Food Industry.

Downstream processing needs more innovative ideas to advance and overcome current bioprocessing challenges. Chromatography is by far the most prevalent technique used by a conservative industrial sector. Chromatography has many advantages but also often represents the most expensive step in a pharmaceutical production process.

Erratum: Acoustic Sensing and Signal Processing Techniques for Monitoring Milk Fouling Cleaning Operations.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201400235.

Open versus robot-assisted radical cystectomy: 30-day perioperative comparison and predictors for cost-to-patient, complication, and readmission.

The objectives of this study are to evaluate if robotic cystectomy demonstrates reduced complications, readmissions, and cost-to-patient compared to open approach 30-day post-operatively, and to identify predictors of complication, readmission, and cost-to-patient. This retrospective cohort study analyzed 249 patients who underwent open (n = 149) or robotic (n = 100) cystectomy from 2009 to 2015 at our institution. Outcomes included 30-day post-operative complication, readmission, and cost-to-patient charges.

Program Sustainability: Hearing Loss and Tinnitus Prevention in American Indian Communities.

Introduction: An important goal of any health promotion effort is to have it maintained in delivery and effectiveness over time. The purpose of this study was to establish a community-based noise-induced hearing loss and tinnitus prevention program in three different types of American Indian communities and evaluate them for evidence of long-term sustainability.

Methods: The target population was fourth- and fifth-grade students from three different models of American Indian communities.

Hearing-Related Health Among Adult American Indians From a Pacific Northwest Tribe.

Introduction: Hearing loss and tinnitus are common in most populations, although few data have addressed hearing-related health among tribal members and the need for public health interventions.

Methods: This cross-sectional study examined prevalence and risk factors for hearing loss and tinnitus among 217 adults in a Pacific Northwest tribe. Frequency measures were conducted for difficulty hearing certain sounds and hearing aid use.

Long-term Comparative Effectiveness of Telemedicine in Providing Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Examinations: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Minimal information exists regarding the long-term comparative effectiveness of telemedicine to provide diabetic retinopathy screening examinations.

Objective: To compare telemedicine to traditional eye examinations in their ability to provide diabetic retinopathy screening examinations.

Design, Setting, And Participants: From August 1, 2006, through September 31, 2009, 567 participants with diabetes were randomized and followed up to 5 years of follow-up (last date of patient follow-up occurred on August 6, 2012) as part of a multicenter randomized clinical trial with an intent to treat analysis.

Colorectal cancer screening among American Indians in a Pacific Northwest tribe: Cowlitz Tribal BRFSS Project, 2009-2010.

Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is low among American Indians (AIs). We describe the demographics, health status, prevalence of modifiable CRC risk factors, and use of CRC screening modalities in a Pacific Northwest AI tribe.

Methods: We conducted a survey among Cowlitz tribal members using a Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) questionnaire.

Predicting adherence to diabetic eye examinations: development of the compliance withAnnual Diabetic Eye Exams Survey.

Objective: To identify variables that predict adherence with annual eye examinations using the Compliance with Annual Diabetic Eye Exams Survey (CADEES), a new questionnaire designed to measure health beliefs related to diabetic retinopathy and annual eye examinations.

Design: Questionnaire development.

Participants: Three hundred sixteen adults with diabetes.

Comparing the effectiveness of telemedicine and traditional surveillance in providing diabetic retinopathy screening examinations: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of telemedicine for providing diabetic retinopathy screening examinations compared with the effectiveness of traditional surveillance in community health clinics with a high proportion of minorities, including American Indian/Alaska Natives.

Subjects And Methods: We conducted a multicenter, randomized controlled trial and assigned diabetic participants to one of two groups: (1) telemedicine with a nonmydriatic camera or (2) traditional surveillance with an eye care provider. For those receiving telemedicine, the criteria for requiring follow-up with an eye care provider were (1) moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy or higher, (2) presence of clinically significant macular edema, or (3) "unable to grade" result for diabetic retinopathy or macular edema.

Including self-reported race to improve cancer surveillance data for American Indians and Alaska Natives in Washington state.

Background: American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN) are frequently misclassified as another race in cancer surveillance systems, resulting in underestimated morbidity and mortality. Linkage methods with administrative records have been used to correct AI/AN misclassification, but AI/AN populations living in urban areas, and those who self-identify as AI/AN race, continue to be under-ascertained. The aim of this study was to evaluate racial misclassification in two cancer registries in Washington State using an urban AI/AN patient roster linked with a list of Indian Health Service (IHS) enrollees.

The impact of eyeglasses on vision-related quality of life in American Indian/Alaska Natives.

Purpose: To determine the change in vision-related quality-of-life scores after providing eyeglasses to American Indian/Alaska Natives with undercorrected refractive error.

Study Design: Prospective, comparative (nonrandomized) interventional study.

Methods: We compared a group with undercorrected refractive error to a control group who did not need a change in eyeglasses.

Physician consultation, multidisciplinary care, and 1-year mortality in Medicare recipients hospitalized with hip and lower extremity injuries.

Objective: To determine whether routine surgeon consultation with medicine specialists and multidisciplinary care conferences-potentially modifiable hospital characteristics-are associated with lower 1-year mortality in older adults with hip and lower extremity injuries.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Oregon hospitals.

Regional differences in cervical cancer incidence among American Indians and Alaska Natives, 1999-2004.

Background: Reports from limited geographic regions indicate higher rates of cervical cancer incidence in American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) women than in women of other races. However, accurate determinations of cervical cancer incidence in AI/AN women have been hampered by racial misclassification in central cancer registries.

Methods: The authors linked data from cancer registries participating in the National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program with Indian Health Service (IHS) enrollment records to improve identification of AI/AN race.

Barriers to innovation in continuing medical education.

Introduction: Criteria for maintenance of certification (MOC) emphasize the importance of competencies such as communication, professionalism, systems-based care, and practice performance in addition to medical knowledge. Success of this new competency paradigm is dependent on physicians' willingness to engage in activities that focus on less traditional competencies. We undertook this analysis to determine whether physicians' preferences for CME are barriers to participation in innovative programs.

Awareness of and participation in maintenance of professional certification: a prospective study.

Introduction: National health care concerns have led to the emergence of maintenance of certification (MOC) as a means to ensure the competence of practicing physicians. Little is known about physician perceptions of the barriers and/or benefits of MOC or proportions of physicians who participate in MOC programs. The purposes of this study were to assess physicians' plans for participating in MOC and to identify influences on decisions to participate.

HLA alleles and risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia among southwestern American Indian women.

An increase in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) has been described in American Indian women in New Mexico. Differences in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles have been reported in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) compared with controls in other populations. We investigated HLA alleles and CIN in Southwest American Indian women.

Predictors of glucose control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Aims: To evaluate the glucose control [(as measured by hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)], the factors associated with glycemic control, and possible explanations for these associations in a sample of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: Data were collected on 155 children and adolescents, with type 1 diabetes mellitus, attending a multidisciplinary diabetes clinic in Portland, OR. Patients' hospital charts were reviewed to determine demographic factors, disease-related characteristics, and HbA1c level.

Causes of visual impairment and common eye problems in Northwest American Indians and Alaska Natives.

Objectives: Little information exists regarding the causes of visual impairment and the most common eye problems in American Indians/Alaska Natives.

Methods: We randomly sampled American Indians/Alaska Natives older than 40 years from 3 tribes within the Northwest region.

Results: We found a higher prevalence of visual impairment and normal-tension glaucoma, as well as a lower prevalence of ocular hypertension, in American Indians/Alaska Natives compared with previous results in other racial/ethnic groups.

Measuring the health status gap for American Indians/Alaska Natives: getting closer to the truth.

Objectives: We compared the historical method of calculating cancer incidence rates with 2 new methods to determine which approach optimally estimates the burden of cancer among the Northwest American Indian/Alaska Native (AIAN) population.

Methods: The first method replicates the traditional way of calculating race-specific rates, and the 2 new methods use probabilistic record linkages to ascertain cancer cases. We indirectly adjusted all rates to the standard 2000 US population.

The infrared spectra and theoretical calculations of frequencies of fac-tricarbonyl octahedral complexes of manganese(I).

The carbonyl stretching frequencies in the infrared spectra of 38 fac-tricarbonyl octahedral complexes of manganese(I) prepared in this laboratory were determined. These complexes may be grouped into three types: (a) neutral complexes of the structure (CO)(3)Mn(P-P)Z where P-P represents depe, dppe, or dppp, and Z represents various anionic functional groups bonded to the manganese; (b) ionic complexes of the structure [(CO)(3)Mn(P-P)Z](+)BF(4)(-) where Z represents various neutral molecules possessing one phosphorous, nitrogen, or oxygen atom coordinated to the manganese; (c) complexes of the structure (CO)(3)Mn(pn)Z where the chelating pn represents 1,1-diphenylphosphino-2,2-dimethylaminoethane, Ph(2)PCH(2)CH(2)NMe(2). All of these complexes show three carbonyl stretching modes (2A' + A").