Dedifferentiation of Primary Hepatocytes is Accompanied with Reorganization of Lipid Metabolism Indicated by Altered Molecular Lipid and miRNA Profiles.

Aim: Primary human hepatocytes (PHHs) undergo dedifferentiation upon the two-dimensional (2D) culture, which particularly hinders their utility in long-term in vitro studies. Lipids, as a major class of biomolecules, play crucial roles in cellular energy storage, structure, and signaling. Here, for the first time, we mapped the alterations in the lipid profile of the dedifferentiating PHHs and studied the possible role of lipids in the loss of the phenotype of PHHs.

Spring is in the air: seasonal profiles indicate vernal change of miRNA activity.

The envisioned application of miRNAs as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers calls for an in-depth understanding of their distribution and variability in different physiological states. While effects with respect to ethnic origin, age, or gender are known, the inter-individual variability of miRNAs across the four seasons remained largely hidden. We sequentially profiled the complete repertoire of blood-borne miRNAs for 25 physiologically normal individuals in spring, summer, fall, and winter (altogether 95 samples) and validated the results on 292 individuals (919 samples collected with the Mitra home sampling device) by RT-qPCR.

The sncRNA Zoo: a repository for circulating small noncoding RNAs in animals.

The repertoire of small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs), particularly miRNAs, in animals is considered to be evolutionarily conserved. Studies on sncRNAs are often largely based on homology-based information, relying on genomic sequence similarity and excluding actual expression data. To obtain information on sncRNA expression (including miRNAs, snoRNAs, YRNAs and tRNAs), we performed low-input-volume next-generation sequencing of 500 pg of RNA from 21 animals at two German zoological gardens.

Large-scale validation of miRNAs by disease association, evolutionary conservation and pathway activity.

The validation of microRNAs (miRNAs) identified by next generation sequencing involves amplification-free and hybridization-based detection of transcripts as criteria for confirming valid miRNAs. Since respective validation is frequently not performed, miRNA repositories likely still contain a substantial fraction of false positive candidates while true miRNAs are not stored in the repositories yet. Especially if downstream analyses are performed with these candidates (e.

Next Generation Sequencing Analysis of Total Small Noncoding RNAs from Low Input RNA from Dried Blood Sampling.

Circulating miRNAs are favored for biomarker candidates as they can reflect tissue specific miRNA dysregulation in disease contexts. Moreover, they have the additional advantage that they can be monitored in a minimally invasive manner. Blood-borne miRNAs are therefore currently characterized to identify, describe, and validate their potential suitability as biomarkers; however, sampling and as well miRNA detection methods limit these studies in terms of sensitivity but also practicability in clinical, at-home, or low-resource sampling of high-quality circulating RNA samples.

MicroRNA in diagnosis and therapy monitoring of early-stage triple-negative breast cancer.

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with distinct molecular subtypes including the aggressive subtype triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We compared blood-borne miRNA signatures of early-stage basal-like (cytokeratin-CK5-positive) TNBC patients to age-matched controls. The miRNAs of TNBC patients were assessed prior to and following platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT).

Genome-wide MicroRNA Expression Profiles in COPD: Early Predictors for Cancer Development.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) significantly increases the risk of developing cancer. Biomarker studies frequently follow a case-control set-up in which patients diagnosed with a disease are compared to controls. Longitudinal cohort studies such as the COPD-centered German COPD and SYstemic consequences-COmorbidities NETwork (COSYCONET) study provide the patient and biomaterial base for discovering predictive molecular markers.

A high-resolution map of the human small non-coding transcriptome.

Motivation: Although the amount of small non-coding RNA-sequencing data is continuously increasing, it is still unclear to which extent small RNAs are represented in the human genome.

Results: In this study we analyzed 303 billion sequencing reads from nearly 25 000 datasets to answer this question. We determined that 0.

PDAC-derived exosomes enrich the microenvironment in MDSCs in a -dependent manner through a new calcium related axis.

Unlabelled: Tumor genetics and escape from immune surveillance concur in the poor prognosis of PDAC. In this study an experimental model was set up to verify whether , deleted in about 55% PDAC and associated with poor prognosis, is involved in determining immunosuppression through Exosomes (Exo). Potential mechanisms and mediators underlying -dependent immunosuppression were evaluated by studying intracellular calcium (Fluo-4), Exo-miRNAs (microarray) and Exo-proteins (SILAC).

Technical Stability and Biological Variability in MicroRNAs from Dried Blood Spots: A Lung Cancer Therapy-Monitoring Showcase.

Background: Different work flows have been proposed to use miRNAs as blood-borne biomarkers. In particular, the method used for collecting blood from patients can considerably influence the diagnostic results.

Methods: We explored whether dried blood spots (DBSs) facilitate stable miRNA measurements and compared its technical stability with biological variability.

Relevance of pre-analytical blood management on the emerging cardiovascular protein biomarkers TWEAK and HMGB1 and on miRNA serum and plasma profiling.

Background: Disease-independent sources of biomarker variability include pre-analytical, analytical and biological variance. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the pre-analytical phase has any impact on the emerging heart disease TWEAK and HMGB1 protein markers and miRNA biomarkers, and whether peptidome profiling allows the identification of pre-analytical quality markers.

Methods: An assessment was made of sample type (serum, EDTA-Plasma, Citrate-Plasma, ACD-plasma, Heparin-plasma), temperature of sample storage (room temperature or refrigerated), time of sample storage (0.