Impact of PFOS Exposure on Murine Fetal Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Associated with Intrauterine Metabolic Perturbation.

This study hypothesized that perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) exposure disrupts maternal-fetal metabolism, affecting fetal liver hematopoietic stem cell (FL-HSC) development. Pregnant mice received PFOS (0.3 and 3 μg/g bw) and were sacrificed on gestation day 14.

Comparative analysis of ocular biometrics using spectral domain optical coherence tomography with Purkinje image and optic nerve head alignments in mice.

Background: Mice are an emerging model for experimental myopia. Due to their small eye size, non-invasive optical coherence tomography is essential for evaluating ocular biometrics. There is currently no universally accepted protocol for those measurements.

Neuropathic corneal pain following refractive surgery: risk factors, clinical manifestations, imaging and proteomic characteristics.

Background/aims: To identify the risk factors for neuropathic corneal pain (NCP) following corneal refractive surgery and to report its clinical manifestations, imaging and proteomic characteristics.

Methods: This 1 year prospective cohort study included 100 eyes that underwent small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) or laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Ocular surface assessments, in-vivo confocal microscopy scans, tear neuromediators and proteomics analyses were performed.

Unraveling Spatial Heterogeneity in Mass Spectrometry Imaging Data with GraphMSI.

Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) provides valuable insights into metabolic heterogeneity by capturing in situ molecular profiles within organisms. One challenge of MSI heterogeneity analysis is performing an objective segmentation to differentiate the biological tissue into distinct regions with unique characteristics. However, current methods struggle due to the insufficient incorporation of biological context and high computational demand.

Validation and repeatability assessment of the Chinese version of the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), 5-item dry eye (DEQ-5), and contact lens dry eye questionnaire-8 (CLDEQ-8) questionnaires.

Purpose: This prospective study aimed to validate the translated Chinese versions of the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), 5-Item Dry Eye (DEQ-5), and Contact Lens Dry Eye Questionnaire-8 (CLDEQ-8) questionnaires and test their repeatability.

Methods: From August 2022 to July 2023, online (qualtrics.com) English and Chinese versions of OSDI, DEQ-5, and CLDEQ-8 questionnaires were distributed to residents of Hong Kong, mainland China, Taiwan, and Singapore ≥ 18 years old who could understand both written Chinese and English.

Thrombospondin 1 Mediates Autophagy Upon Inhibition of the Rho-Associated Protein Kinase Inhibitor.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a degenerative eye disease leading to central vision loss and is characterized by dysregulated autophagy of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layer. Recent studies have suggested that rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitors may enhance autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases and promote the survival of RPE cells. This study investigated the effect of ROCK inhibitors on autophagy gene expression and autophagic vacuole formation in a human RPE (ARPE-19) cell line.

Cone-rod homeobox transcriptionally activates TCF7 to promote the proliferation of retinal pigment epithelial and retinoblastoma cells .

Aim: To investigate the proliferation regulatory effect of cone-rod homeobox (CRX) in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and retinoblastoma (RB) cells to explore the potential application and side effect (oncogenic potential) of CRX-based gene therapy in RPE-based retinopathies.

Methods: Adult human retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE)-19 and human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE)-1 cells and Y79 RB cell were used in the study. Genetic manipulation was performed by lentivirus-based technology.

NeuroMechFly v2: simulating embodied sensorimotor control in adult Drosophila.

Discovering principles underlying the control of animal behavior requires a tight dialogue between experiments and neuromechanical models. Such models have primarily been used to investigate motor control with less emphasis on how the brain and motor systems work together during hierarchical sensorimotor control. NeuroMechFly v2 expands Drosophila neuromechanical modeling by enabling vision, olfaction, ascending motor feedback and complex terrains that can be navigated using leg adhesion.

Triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) is associated with a higher risk of colorectal adenoma and multiple adenomas in asymptomatic subjects.

Hypothesis: The objective of this study is to evaluate the predictive ability of the TyG index for the presence of adenoma and multiple adenomas in an asymptomatic population.

Design: A secondary analysis was conducted on a prospective cohort of asymptomatic subjects aged between 50 and 75 who underwent CRC screening. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipid profiles were measured within three months prior colonoscopy.

Identification of Potential Growth-Related Proteins in Chick Vitreous during Emmetropization Using SWATH-MS and Targeted-Based Proteomics (MRMHR).

The vitreous humor (VH) is a transparent gelatin-like substance that occupies two-thirds of the eyeball and undergoes the most significant changes during eye elongation. Quantitative proteomics on the normal growth period in the VH could provide new insights into understanding its progression mechanism in the early stages of myopia. In this study, a data-independent acquisition (SWATH-MS) was combined with targeted LC-ESI-MS/MS to identify and quantify the relative protein changes in the vitreous during the normal growth period (4, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days old) in the chick model.

Multiplexed Target Profiling with Integrated Chemical Genomics and Chemical Proteomics.

Target identification is crucial for elucidating the mechanisms of bioactive molecules in drug discovery. However, traditional methods assess compounds individually, making it challenging to efficiently examine multiple compounds in parallel, especially for structurally diverse compounds. This study reports a novel strategy called chemical genomics-facilitated chemical proteomics (CGCP) for multiplexing the target identification of bioactive small molecules.

Interaction of retinal electrophysiology and novel orthokeratology lens use on myopia control efficacy in children.

Aims: The relationship between retinal electrophysiological function and myopia progression was evaluated in school-aged children wearing Breath-O-Correct Orthokeratology (OK) lenses compared with those wearing single vision (SV) lenses over 24 months.

Methods: In this randomised, single-blind, parallel controlled trial, children aged 8-12 years with -1.00 to -4.

Machine learning-assisted optimization of food-grade spirulina cultivation in seawater-based media: From laboratory to large-scale production.

The shortage of food and freshwater sources threatens human health and environmental sustainability. Spirulina grown in seawater-based media as a healthy food is promising and environmentally friendly. This study used three machine learning techniques to identify important cultivation parameters and their hidden interrelationships and optimize the biomass yield of Spirulina grown in seawater-based media.

Metabolomics studies in common multifactorial eye disorders: a review of biomarker discovery for age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and myopia.

Introduction: Multifactorial Eye disorders are a significant public health concern and have a huge impact on quality of life. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these eye disorders were not completely understood since functional and low-throughput biological tests were used. By identifying biomarkers linked to eye disorders, metabolomics enables early identification, tracking of the course of the disease, and personalized treatment.

Ocular surface parameters repeatability and agreement -A comparison between Keratograph 5M and IDRA.

Purpose: To evaluate the repeatability and agreement in dry eye measurements using Oculus Keratograph 5M (K5M) and SBM Sistemi IDRA (IDRA).

Methods: A total of 108 participants were enrolled and 108 eyes were evaluated. Tear meniscus height (TMH) and first and average non-invasive break-up time (NIBUT) were measured using the K5M and IDRA (order randomly assigned).

A cross-sectional study of optometrists' attitudes towards dry eye disease management in Hong Kong: A web-based survey in Hong Kong.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the practices of optometrists in Hong Kong towards diagnosing and managing dry eye disease (DED).

Methods: From September 2021 to March 2022, an online questionnaire was distributed to optometrists in Hong Kong through several professional associations. The questionnaire included questions about the importance and usefulness of various diagnostic tests, as well as inquiries about management strategies and recommended follow-up schedules for DED.

Autologous Fat Grafting Air-valve Loading Technique.

Autologous fat transfer is fast becoming a common adjunct procedure in plastic surgical operations, especially in breast reconstruction. Postharvest fat processing can be performed actively or passively with various techniques. All techniques require the final step of loading the harvested fat into a syringe for injection.

Neuropathic Corneal Pain: Tear Proteomic and Neuromediator Profiles, Imaging Features, and Clinical Manifestations.

Purpose: To investigate the tear proteomic and neuromediator profiles, in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) imaging features, and clinical manifestations in neuropathic corneal pain (NCP) patients.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: A total of 20 NCP patients and 20 age-matched controls were recruited.

Palaeoproteomics and microanalysis reveal techniques of production of animal-based metal threads in medieval textiles.

Animal-based metal threads were largely used between the 10th and the fifteenth century, in European, Middle Eastern and Far Eastern textile productions for the decoration of textiles and cloths. They belong to a larger group of metal threads, used either as flat threads or wrapped around a fiber core, that were backed by an organic support (animal or paper). This study focuses on the medieval production of metal threads backed by an animal membrane (e.

A Protein Suspension-Trapping Sample Preparation for Tear Proteomics by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.

Tear fluid is one of the easily accessible biofluids that can be collected non-invasively. Tear proteomics has the potential to discover biomarkers for several ocular diseases and conditions. The suspension trapping column has been reported to be an efficient and user-friendly sample preparation workflow for the broad application of downstream proteomic analysis.

Modeling the influence of attitudes, trust, and beliefs on endoscopists' acceptance of artificial intelligence applications in medical practice.

Introduction: The potential for deployment of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies in various fields of medicine is vast, yet acceptance of AI amongst clinicians has been patchy. This research therefore examines the role of antecedents, namely trust, attitude, and beliefs in driving AI acceptance in clinical practice.

Methods: We utilized online surveys to gather data from clinicians in the field of gastroenterology.

A consensus statement on when to start clean intermittent self-catheterization: An untapped resource?

Background: Clean intermittent self-catheterisation (CISC or ISC) is used by patients/carers to empty the bladder if needed. Sometimes the urethral lumen leading out of the bladder is blocked; sometimes, the bladder (detrusor) muscle itself or the autonomic motor nerves innervating the bladder are damaged, resulting in a failure of the detrusor muscle to work, leading to a failure of the bladder being able to empty adequately. Prior consensus as to the indications and timing of CISC has yet to be provided.

PFOS-elicited metabolic perturbation in liver and fatty acid metabolites in testis of adult mice.

Introduction: Multiple factors can contribute to sub-fecundity, including genetics, lifestyle, and environmental contaminants. PFASs are characterized as "forever chemicals" due to their ubiquitous contamination and their persistence in the environment, wildlife, and humans. Numerous studies have demonstrated that PFAS exposure adversely affects multiple bodily functions, including liver metabolism and gonadal function.