Extravasation of radiopharmaceuticals: Why report?

In this essay, I wish to discuss extravasation in the context of medical imaging and therapy with radiopharmaceuticals. Central to this discussion are two facts. First, they are easily identified, but the frequency of significant extravasations is unclear because there is no generally accepted definition of such an event.

Survey data on the impact of COVID-19 on parental engagement across 23 countries.

This data article describes the dataset of the International COVID-19 Impact on Parental Engagement Study (ICIPES). ICIPES is a collaborative effort of more than 20 institutions to investigate the ways in which, parents and caregivers built capacity engaged with children's learning during the period of social distancing arising from global COVID-19 pandemic. A series of data were collected using an online survey conducted in 23 countries and had a total sample of 4,658 parents/caregivers.

VADER: a variable dose-rate external Cs irradiator for internal emitter and low dose rate studies.

In the long term, Cs is probably the most biologically important agent released in many accidental (or malicious) radiation disasters. It can enter the food chain, and be consumed, or, if present in the environment (e.g.

The Radiation Safety Officer as an Advocate for Patient Safety.

The role of the radiation safety officer is to maintain radiation exposures as low as reasonably achievable. Traditionally, the focus has been on reducing or eliminating unnecessary occupational exposure to employees and ensuring exposure of visitors and members of the public is maintained below regulatory limits. Over the last three decades there has been increasing concern expressed in the medical literature on the potential risks of radiation exposure to patients undergoing diagnostic medical imaging procedures.

Cervical spine imaging using mini--C-arm fluoroscopy: patient and surgeon exposure to direct and scatter radiation.

Study Design: Direct and scatter radiation was measured during cadaveric cervical spine imaging with a mini-C-arm fluoroscope.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate radiation exposure to the patient and surgeon when using a mini-C-arm fluoroscope to image the cervical spine.

Summary Of Background Data: Prior studies have quantified radiation exposure using large C-arm fluoroscopy during procedures involving the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine.

Patient and surgeon radiation exposure: comparison of standard and mini-C-arm fluoroscopy.

Background: Use of c-arm fluoroscopy is common in the operating room, outpatient clinic, and emergency department. Consequently, there is a concern regarding radiation exposure. Mini-c-arm fluoroscopes have gained popularity; however, few studies have quantified exposure during mini-c-arm imaging of a body part larger than a hand or wrist.

Cervical spine imaging using standard C-arm fluoroscopy: patient and surgeon exposure to ionizing radiation.

Study Design: A cadaveric cervical spine specimen is imaged with a standard C-arm fluoroscope during a simulated procedure. Patient and surgeon exposure to radiation is estimated by placing dosimeters at various locations in 3-dimensional space.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate radiation exposure to patient and surgeon when using C-arm fluoroscopy during a simulated cadaveric surgical procedure involving the cervical spine.