Laying the foundation for an ICF core set for community dwelling older adults in primary care: an expert survey.

Background: A holistic biopsychosocial model focused on functioning in individual contexts (environment, task) is better suited to meet the needs of older patients than disease only based models. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is the official standard for describing functional health. As the ICF is too detailed to be used in practice, brief core sets have been developed.

Laying the foundation for a primary care core set of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) for community-dwelling older adults: A qualitative study.

Objective: To explore relevant areas of functioning from the perspective of community-dwelling adults aged 75 years and over, in order to develop a Core Set of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) for community-dwelling older adults for use in primary care.

Design: Qualitative study using semi-structured interviews and focus groups.

Participants: A total of 27 community-dwelling older adults participated in the interviews and 24 of them in the focus groups.

Laying the foundation for an International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Core Set for community-dwelling elderly adults in primary care: the clinical perspective identified in a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Having more information about the biopsychosocial functioning of their geriatric patients might help physicians better balance medical interventions according to patients' needs. For this reason, we aimed to develop an easy-to-handle International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Core Set for community-dwelling geriatric patients aged 75 and older in primary care. In this empirical study, we describe the functioning and health of community-dwelling patients aged 75 and older in primary care in Germany and identify the most common problems encountered by these individuals when using the ICF.

Is it really always only the others who are to blame? GP's view on medical overuse. A questionnaire study.

Background: Medical overuse is a common problem in health care. Preventing unnecessary medicine is one of the main tasks of General Practice, so called quaternary prevention. We aimed to capture the current opinion of German General Practitioners (GPs) to medical overuse.

Laying the foundation for a core set of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for community-dwelling adults aged 75 years and above in general practice: a study protocol.

Introduction: With the medical focus on disease, the problem of overdiagnosis inevitably increases with ageing. Considering the functional health of patients might help to discriminate between necessary and unnecessary medicine. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is an internationally recognised tool for describing functional health.

"What they see is what you get": Prescribing antibiotics for respiratory tract infections in primary care: Do high prescribers diagnose differently? An analysis of German routine data.

Background: Characteristics of high and low prescribers of antibiotics in German primary care were analysed using population data. We aimed to evaluate differences in prescribing rates and factors being associated with high prescribing, and whether high prescribers made the diagnosis of perceived bacterial infections more often.

Methods: Routine data were provided by the Bavarian Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians.

Medical overuse and quaternary prevention in primary care - A qualitative study with general practitioners.

Background: Medical overuse is a topic of growing interest in health care systems and especially in primary care. It comprises both over investigation and overtreatment. Quaternary prevention strategies aim at protecting patients from unnecessary or harmful medicine.

Missing risks in opportunistic screening for type 2 diabetes - CroDiabGP study.

Aim To examine two methods of extracting risks for undetected type 2 diabetes (T2D): derived from electronic medical record(EMR) and family medicine (FM) assessment during pre-consultation phase. All risks were structured in three lists of patients' data using Wonca International Classification Committee(WICC). Missing data were detected in each list.

Diuretics for hypertension--an inconsistency in primary care prescribing behaviour.

Objective: Internationally there is an ongoing debate on diuretics as first-line therapy for most patients with hypertension. In spite of many arguments against them in antihypertensive monotherapy, the authors of the present study perceived them to be regularly prescribed in combination therapy in Germany. The study objective was to look for this discrepancy in prescribing reality as a contribution from clinical practice to an academic debate.

Antibiotic prescribing in general practice--the rhythm of the week: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Overprescribing of antibiotics in primary care is a worldwide phenomenon. Prescriptions can be used to reduce the uncertainty inherent in general practice. We assumed a heightened prescribing rate on Fridays because of more uncertainty before the pending weekend.

Diagnosing somatisation disorder (P75) in routine general practice using the International Classification of Primary Care.

Objective: (i) To analyze general practitioners' diagnosis of somatisation disorder (P75) using the International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC)-2-E in routine general practice. (ii) To validate the distinctiveness of the ICD-10 to ICPC-2 conversion rule which maps ICD-10 dissociative/conversion disorder (F44) as well as half of the somatoform categories (F45.0-2) to P75 and codes the other half of these disorders (F45.

Factors associated with physical activity of patients with osteoarthritis of the lower limb.

Objective: In patients with osteoarthritis (OA), moderate physical activity (PA) can reduce the progress of joint damage. PA is therefore an important target of in the non-surgical treatment of OA. To know about factors associated with PA can increase the success of interventions aiming at increasing PA.

Co- and multimorbidity patterns in primary care based on episodes of care: results from the German CONTENT project.

Background: Due to technological progress and improvements in medical care and health policy the average age of patients in primary care is continuously growing. In equal measure, an increasing proportion of mostly elderly primary care patients presents with multiple coexisting medical conditions. To properly assess the current situation of co- and multimorbidity, valid scientific data based on an appropriate data structure are indispensable.

Osteoarthritis and functional disability: results of a cross sectional study among primary care patients in Germany.

Background: The aim of the study was to determine factors associated with functional disability in patients with OA.

Methods: 1250 questionnaires were distributed to OA outpatients from 75 general practices; 1021 (81.6%) were returned.

Osteoarthritis of the knee and hip: a comparison of factors associated with physical activity.

To assess factors associated with physical activity (PA) in a large sample of primary care patients, 1,250 outpatients from 75 general practices were approached consecutively. Of these, 1,021 (81.7%) returned short forms of the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) and the arthritis impact measurement scale (AIMS2-SF).