The role of pathogenic TCF12 variants in children with coronal craniosynostosis-a systematic review with addition of two novel cases.

Craniosynostosis constitutes one of the most common congenital cranial malformations, affecting approximately 6/10,0000 live births. A genetic etiology has long been known for several forms of syndromic craniosynostosis, including pathogenic variants in TWIST1 and FGFR3 in children with Saethre-Chotzen and Muenke syndrome. Over the last decade, reports of genetic aberrations in TCF12 in children with craniosynostosis have emerged, in particular in cases with premature closure of the coronal suture(s).

Interpositional arthroplasty using cartilage allografts for treating temporomandibular joint arthrosis: a 3- and 5-year retrospective clinical follow-up study.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of arthroplasty using interpositional cartilage allografts in patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthrosis.

Study Design: This retrospective study included patients treated consecutively between 2007 and 2013 using discectomy and interpositional grafting with lyophilized costal cartilage allograft (Tutoplast) sheets. TMJ pain based on the visual analogue scale (VAS), maximal interincisal opening (MIO), joint tenderness to palpation, crepitus from the affected joint, and postoperative complications were assessed.

Surgical and conservative treatment outcomes of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw located at tori: a retrospective study.

Purpose: Tori and exostoses are considered risk factors for the development of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). The aims of this study were to present the prevalence of MRONJ located at tori in the Copenhagen ONJ Cohort, evaluate the surgical treatment of MRONJ located at tori and explore trauma to tori as an additional risk factor in patients on antiresorptive medication.

Methods: Data from a consecutive series of 506 patients with MRONJ (Copenhagen ONJ Cohort) were reviewed for the presence of tori and MRONJ located at tori.

Treatment Effect of Zoledronic Acid in Chronic Non-bacterial Osteomyelitis of the Jaw: A Case Series.

Chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) is an autoinflammatory, osteolytic bone disorder sometimes localized to a unifocal site in the jaw, causing long-term pain and reduced function. The aim of this study was to describe the patients with CNO of the jaw, focusing on treatment with zoledronic acid for pain relief. An analysis of medical records of 24 patients with CNO of the jaw, including treatment with zoledronic acid and effects on pain relief.

Dental Implants in Patients with Osteogenesis Imperfecta - Clinical and Radiographic Outcome in Six Patients.

Purpose: To investigate the survival rate of dental implants in patients diagnosed with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI).

Materials And Methods: The study is a retrospective analysis of six individuals (2 males, 4 females) with OI (type I, III and IV) with a total of 25 dental implants. Clinical examination included plaque index, gingival index, periodontal pocket depth for each implant, presence of pus, and loosening of the implant(s).

A survey of local diagnostic reference levels for the head, thorax, abdomen and pelvis computed tomography in Norway and Canada.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) contributes to 60% of the collective dose in medical imaging. Literature has demonstrated that patient dose varies across regions and countries. Establishing diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) contributes to the optimization of clinical practices and radiation protection.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw and successful implant treatment in a patient on high-dose antiresorptive medication: A case report.

Objectives: Oral rehabilitation can be a challenge in patients on high-dose antiresorptive medication (HDAR), especially if the alveolar anatomy has changed due to previous medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) resection. In healthy patients, dental implant treatment has found wide acceptance in prosthetic rehabilitation as it increases the patient's oral health-related quality of life. However, it is considered contraindicated in patients on HDAR due to the risk of MRONJ, although a recent feasibility study indicates that implant treatment may indeed be an option in these patients.

Surgical treatment of 61 consecutive patients with maxillary stage 3 medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws using a pedicled buccal fat pad.

Purpose: Buccal fat pad (BFP) is used for the closure of large oroantral defects caused by surgical removal of the necrotic bone in patients with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). This study aimed to evaluate the use of BFP for the closure of maxillary sinus defects in stage 3 MRONJ patients.

Methods: This study recruited 61patients with large oroantral defects caused by MRONJ, including 49 patients with cancer and 12 patients with osteoporosis.

The Use of Cryotherapy in Conjunction with Surgical Removal of Mandibular Third Molars: a Single-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: Cryotherapy is frequently used to diminish postoperative sequelae following mandibular third molar surgery. The objective of this single-blinded randomized controlled trial was to assess the therapeutic efficiency of 30 minutes continuous cryotherapy on postoperative sequelae following surgical removal of mandibular third molars compared with no cryotherapy.

Material And Methods: Thirty patients (14 male and 16 female) including 60 mandibular third molars were randomly allocated to 30 minutes of immediately cryotherapy or no cryotherapy.

Outcome of healing after dental implant placement in patients with cancer on high-dose antiresorptive medications: a prospective feasibility study.

Purpose: Implant placement in patients with cancer receiving high-dose antiresorptive medication (HDAR) is considered contraindicated. This prospective, feasibility study tested the hypothesis that dental implants can be placed in such patients by applying a staged implant placement protocol with submerged healing.

Methods: Three groups of patients on HDAR were included as follows: group 1: patients who underwent tooth extraction, without the development of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ); group 2: patients with surgically treated MRONJ who had demonstrated clinical healing for at least 3 months; group 3: patients with established MRONJ who was planned for surgical resection and simultaneous implant placement.

Tooth extractions in patients with cancer receiving high-dose antiresorptive medication: a randomized clinical feasibility trial of drug holiday versus drug continuation.

Objective: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a serious adverse reaction to high-dose antiresorptive medication (AR) in patients with cancer. A temporary discontinuation of AR (drug holiday) has been suggested to potentially reduce the risk of MRONJ after oral surgery. However, no consensus exists.

Treatment Strategies for Patients with Regional Odontodysplasia: A Presentation of Seven New Cases and a Review of the Literature.

Purpose: Regional odontodysplasia (RO) is a rare dental anomaly affecting primary and/or permanent dentition, and leads to comprehensive treatment need. The purpose of this study was to present a larger consecutive sample with RO, discuss treatment strategies for patients with RO, and review the literature.

Materials And Methods: A consecutive, retrospective sample of seven children with RO (6 males, 1 female) including all patients diagnosed with RO in the eastern part of Denmark was conducted over a period of 15 years.

Short-term Haematological Parameters Following Surgical Removal of Mandibular Third Molars with Different Doses of Methylprednisolone Compared with Placebo. A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: To evaluate the influence of a single intraoperative injection of methylprednisolone on short-term haematological parameters following surgical removal of mandibular third molars.

Material And Methods: Fifty-two patients with indications for surgical removal of bilateral impacted mandibular third molars were included in a randomized, split-mouth and double-blinded study design. Each molar were randomly allocated into one of following four groups: 20 mg methylprednisolone, 30 mg methylprednisolone, 40 mg methylprednisolone and placebo.

Therapeutic efficacy of cryotherapy on facial swelling, pain, trismus and quality of life after surgical removal of mandibular third molars: A systematic review.

The objective was to test the hypothesis of no difference in facial swelling, pain, trismus and immediate quality of life after surgical removal of mandibular third molars, with or without post-operative cryotherapy. A MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE database and Cochrane library search in combination with a hand search of relevant journals were conducted by including human randomised controlled trials published in English until 17 July 2018. The search identified 37 titles.

Different Dosages of Corticosteroid and Routes of Administration in Mandibular Third Molar Surgery: a Systematic Review.

Objectives: The objective of the present systematic review was to test the hypothesis of no difference in facial swelling, pain and trismus after surgical removal of mandibular third molar with different dosages of corticosteroids and administration routes.

Material And Methods: A MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase database and Cochrane Library search in combination with a hand-search of relevant journals was conducted by including randomized controlled trials published in English until 1 December 2017.

Results: Seven studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria.

Intermaxillary Fixation Screw Morbidity in Treatment of Mandibular Fractures-A Retrospective Study.

Purpose: The aim of the present retrospective study was to investigate the morbidity of screws used for intermaxillary fixation (IMF) in the treatment of mandibular fractures. A review of the published data was also performed for a comparison of outcomes. Our hypothesis was that the use of screws for IMF of mandibular fractures would result in minimal morbidity.

Comparison of nonexposed and exposed bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaws: a retrospective analysis from the Copenhagen cohort and a proposal for an updated classification system.

Objective: Nonexposed osteonecrosis of the jaws (NE-ONJ) does not fit into the current definition of osteonecrosis, which requires exposed bone. A modification of the classification of bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ) is proposed. This study aimed to test proposed criteria for NE-ONJ and compare NE-ONJ with exposed ONJ (E-ONJ) in a retrospective analysis.

Effect of early or delayed treatment upon healing of mandibular fractures: a systematic literature review.

The possible relation between treatment delay and healing complications in mandibular fracture treatment (excluding condylar fractures) was reviewed systematically. Twenty-two studies were identified. No randomized studies focused on the effect of immediate or delayed treatment.

Open or closed repositioning of mandibular fractures: is there a difference in healing outcome? A systematic review.

The clinical outcome of closed vs open reduction and rigid fixation was compared based on a systematic review of the literature. Ten non-randomized retrospective studies were found. In six of these ten studies, the complication rate was significantly increased when open reduction and plating was performed.

Using the finite element method to model the biomechanics of the asymmetric mandible before, during and after skeletal correction by distraction osteogenesis.

An approach was developed to evaluate the load transfer mechanism in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) area before, during and after mandibular ramus elongation by distraction osteogenesis (DO). In a concerted approach using computer tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and finite element analysis, three-dimensional numerical models based on a young male patient, with a dento-facial deformity were generated. The magnitude and direction of the muscle forces acting on the mandible were assessed using both values derived from the muscles volume and cross-section as retrieved from the MRI-scan data-sets and taken from the literature.

Stereolithographic models for simulation and transfer of vector in vertical distraction of the mandibular ramus: a technical note.

Mandibular distraction osteogenesis is, despite impressive results, compromised as a treatment modality by difficulties with vector control independent of whether intra- or extraoral devices are used. Resistance of the masticatory muscles and the remaining soft tissue envelope toward elongation and incorrect planning and transfer of the vector cause lack of vector control. To ensure predictability in correct placement of intraoral distraction devices and thereby treatment outcome, a combined planning, simulation, and transfer method was developed.

Three-dimensional finite element analysis of the mandible and temporomandibular joint during vertical ramus elongation by distraction osteogenesis.

Distraction osteogenesis has been accepted as an alternative treatment modality for hypoplastic mandibles. Knowledge about the changes occurring in the temporomandibular joint region during mandibular distraction osteogenesis is, however, limited and controversial. Stress distribution in the temporomandibular joint region during unilateral vertical mandibular ramus distraction was studied using a finite element model.

Three-dimensional finite element analysis of the mandible and temporomandibular joint on simulated occlusal forces before and after vertical ramus elongation by distraction osteogenesis.

Distraction osteogenesis has recently become a mainstay for treatment of mandibular hypoplasia. Thorough knowledge about changes in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the surrounding parts of the mandible and the skull after mandibular distraction is still lacking. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the stress distribution in the mandible and the TMJ before and after skeletal correction by intraoral unilateral vertical mandibular ramus distraction, using a finite element (FE) model.

Unilateral mandibular ramus elongation by intraoral distraction osteogenesis.

Successful correction of facial asymmetry by mandibular distraction osteogenesis relies on mastering vector control. Lack of necessary vector control continues to compromise the treatment modality. The purpose of this study was to describe a new simplified method for vector transfer and to evaluate this method according to the outcome and the efficacy of distraction osteogenesis in the correction of unilateral mandibular hypoplasia and asymmetry.