Cytometry masked autoencoder: An accurate and interpretable automated immunophenotyper.

Single-cell cytometry data are crucial for understanding the role of the immune system in diseases and responses to treatment. However, traditional methods for annotating cytometry data face challenges in scalability, robustness, and accuracy. We propose a cytometry masked autoencoder (cyMAE), which automates immunophenotyping tasks including cell type annotation.

RiboScreen Technology Delivers a Ribosomal Target and a Small-Molecule Ligand for Ribosome Editing to Boost the Production Levels of Tropoelastin, the Monomeric Unit of Elastin.

Elastin, a key structural protein essential for the elasticity of the skin and elastogenic tissues, degrades with age. Replenishing elastin holds promise for anti-aging cosmetics and the supplementation of elastic activities of the cardiovascular system. We employed RiboScreen, a technology for identifying molecules that enhance the production of specific proteins, to target the production of tropoelastin.

Mapping urban haze.

Direct airborne measurements of emission fluxes reveal major sources over California.

Exploring the Effects of Local Air Pollution on Popliteal Artery Aneurysms.

A growing body of evidence highlights the effects of air pollution on chronic and acute cardiovascular diseases, such as associations between PM and several cardiovascular events. However, evidence of the impact of fine air pollutants on the development and progression of peripheral arterial aneurysms is not available. Data were obtained from the multicenter PAA outcome registry POPART and the German Environment Agency.

Deciphering Popliteal Artery Aneurysm Patient Diversity: Insights From a Cluster Analysis of the POPART Registry.

Background: Popliteal artery aneurysms (PAAs) are the most common peripheral aneurysm. However, due to its rarity, the cumulative body of evidence regarding patient patterns, treatment strategies, and perioperative outcomes is limited. This analysis aims to investigate distinct phenotypical patient profiles and associated treatment and outcomes in patients with a PAA by performing an unsupervised clustering analysis of the POPART (Practice of Popliteal Artery Aneurysm Repair and Therapy) registry.

En Route to Targeted Ribosome Editing to Replenish Skin Anchor Protein LAMB3 in Junctional Epidermolysis Bullosa.

Severe junctional epidermolysis bullosa is a rare genetic, postpartum lethal skin disease, predominantly caused by nonsense/premature termination codon (PTC) sequence variants in gene. encodes LAMB3, the β subunit of epidermal-dermal skin anchor laminin 332. Most translational reads of a PTC mRNA deliver truncated, nonfunctional proteins, whereas an endogenous PTC readthrough mechanism produces full-length protein at minimal and insufficient levels.

Synthesizing evidence for the external cycling of NO in high- to low-NO atmospheres.

External cycling regenerating nitrogen oxides (NO ≡ NO + NO) from their oxidative reservoir, NO, is proposed to reshape the temporal-spatial distribution of NO and consequently hydroxyl radical (OH), the most important oxidant in the atmosphere. Here we verify the in situ external cycling of NO in various environments with nitrous acid (HONO) as an intermediate based on synthesized field evidence collected onboard aircraft platform at daytime. External cycling helps to reconcile stubborn underestimation on observed ratios of HONO/NO and NO/NO by current chemical model schemes and rationalize atypical diurnal concentration profiles of HONO and NO lacking noontime valleys specially observed in low-NO atmospheres.

Sepsis Prediction Model for Determining Sepsis vs SIRS, qSOFA, and SOFA.

Importance: The Sepsis Prediction Model (SPM) is a proprietary decision support tool created by Epic Systems; it generates a predicting sepsis score (PSS). The model has not undergone validation against existing sepsis prediction tools, such as Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), or quick Sepsis-Related Organ Failure Asessement (qSOFA).

Objective: To assess the validity and timeliness of the SPM compared with SIRS, qSOFA, and SOFA.

Clinical Phenotypes of Sepsis in a Cohort of Hospitalized Patients According to Infection Site.

Objectives: Clinical sepsis phenotypes may be defined by a wide range of characteristics such as site of infection, organ dysfunction patterns, laboratory values, and demographics. There is a paucity of literature regarding the impact of site of infection on the timing and pattern of clinical sepsis markers. This study hypothesizes that important phenotypic variation in clinical markers and outcomes of sepsis exists when stratified by infection site.

Simultaneous Detection of Multiple Tumor-targeted Gold Nanoparticles in HER2-Positive Breast Tumors Using Optoacoustic Imaging.

Purpose To develop optoacoustic, spectrally distinct, actively targeted gold nanoparticle-based near-infrared probes (trastuzumab [TRA], TRA-Aurelia-1, and TRA-Aurelia-2) that can be individually identifiable at multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast tumors. Materials and Methods Gold nanoparticle-based near-infrared probes (Aurelia-1 and 2) that are optoacoustically active and spectrally distinct for simultaneous MSOT imaging were synthesized and conjugated to TRA to produce TRA-Aurelia-1 and 2. Freshly resected human HER2-positive ( = 6) and HER2-negative ( = 6) triple-negative breast cancer tumors were treated with TRA-Aurelia-1 and TRA-Aurelia-2 for 2 hours and imaged with MSOT.

Clinical Impact of a Sepsis Alert System Plus Electronic Sepsis Navigator Using the Epic Sepsis Prediction Model in the Emergency Department.

Background: The Epic Sepsis Prediction Model (SPM) is a proprietary sepsis prediction algorithm that calculates a score correlating with the likelihood of an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision code for sepsis.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the clinical impact of an electronic sepsis alert and navigator using the Epic SPM on time to initial antimicrobial delivery.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of a nonrandomized intervention of an electronic sepsis alert system and navigator using the Epic SPM.

Modeling Isoprene Emission Response to Drought and Heatwaves Within MEGAN Using Evapotranspiration Data and by Coupling With the Community Land Model.

We introduce two new drought stress algorithms designed to simulate isoprene emission with the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN) model. The two approaches include the representation of the impact of drought on isoprene emission with a simple empirical approach for offline MEGAN applications and a more process-based approach for online MEGAN in Community Land Model (CLM) simulations. The two versions differ in their implementation of leaf-temperature impacts of mild drought.

High urban NO triggers a substantial chemical downward flux of ozone.

Nitrogen oxides (NO) play a central role in catalyzing tropospheric ozone formation. Nitrogen dioxide (NO) has recently reemerged as a key target for air pollution control measures, and observational evidence points toward a limited understanding of ozone in high-NO environments. A complete understanding of the mechanisms controlling the rapid atmospheric cycling between ozone (O)-nitric oxide (NO)-NO in high-NO regimes at the surface is therefore paramount but remains challenging because of competing dynamical and chemical effects.

The Interplay of Biomechanical and Biological Changes Following Meniscus Injury.

Purpose Of Review: Meniscus injury often leads to joint degeneration and post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) development. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to outline the current understanding of biomechanical and biological repercussions following meniscus injury and how these changes impact meniscus repair and PTOA development. Moreover, we identify key gaps in knowledge that must be further investigated to improve meniscus healing and prevent PTOA.

I-SPY COVID adaptive platform trial for COVID-19 acute respiratory failure: rationale, design and operations.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic brought an urgent need to discover novel effective therapeutics for patients hospitalised with severe COVID-19. The Investigation of Serial studies to Predict Your Therapeutic Response with Imaging And moLecular Analysis (ISPY COVID-19 trial) was designed and implemented in early 2020 to evaluate investigational agents rapidly and simultaneously on a phase 2 adaptive platform. This manuscript outlines the design, rationale, implementation and challenges of the ISPY COVID-19 trial during the first phase of trial activity from April 2020 until December 2021.

Direct observations of CO emission reductions due to COVID-19 lockdown across European urban districts.

The measures taken to contain the spread of COVID-19 in 2020 included restrictions of people's mobility and reductions in economic activities. These drastic changes in daily life, enforced through national lockdowns, led to abrupt reductions of anthropogenic CO emissions in urbanized areas all over the world. To examine the effect of social restrictions on local emissions of CO, we analysed district level CO fluxes measured by the eddy-covariance technique from 13 stations in 11 European cities.

Global Perspective of Drought Impacts on Ozone Pollution Episodes.

Ozone (O) pollution threatens global public health and damages ecosystem productivity. Droughts modulate surface O through meteorological processes and vegetation feedbacks. Unraveling these influences is difficult with traditional chemical transport models.

Intrapleural nano-immunotherapy promotes innate and adaptive immune responses to enhance anti-PD-L1 therapy for malignant pleural effusion.

Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is indicative of terminal malignancy with a uniformly fatal prognosis. Often, two distinct compartments of tumour microenvironment, the effusion and disseminated pleural tumours, co-exist in the pleural cavity, presenting a major challenge for therapeutic interventions and drug delivery. Clinical evidence suggests that MPE comprises abundant tumour-associated myeloid cells with the tumour-promoting phenotype, impairing antitumour immunity.

Diversity and Interrelations Among the Constitutive VOC Emission Blends of Four Broad-Leaved Tree Species at Seedling Stage.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by plants consist of a broad range of gasses which serve purposes such as protecting against herbivores, communicating with insects and neighboring plants, or increasing the tolerance to environmental stresses. Evidence is accumulating that the composition of VOC blends plays an important role in fulfilling these purposes. Constitutional emissions give insight into species-specific stress tolerance potentials and are an important first step in linking metabolism and function of co-occurring VOCs.

Drug Development for Target Ribosomal Protein rpL35/uL29 for Repair of LAMB3R635X in Rare Skin Disease Epidermolysis Bullosa.

Introduction: Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) describes a family of rare genetic blistering skin disorders. Various subtypes are clinically and genetically heterogeneous, and a lethal postpartum form of EB is the generalized severe junctional EB (gs-JEB). gs-JEB is mainly caused by premature termination codon (PTC) mutations in the skin anchor protein LAMB3 (laminin subunit beta-3) gene.

Rapid conversion of isoprene photooxidation products in terrestrial plants.

Isoprene is emitted from the biosphere into the atmosphere, and may strengthen the defense mechanisms of plants against oxidative and thermal stress. Once in the atmosphere, isoprene is rapidly oxidized, either to isoprene-hydroxy-hydroperoxides (ISOPOOH) at low levels of nitrogen oxides, or to methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) and methacrolein at high levels. Here we combine uptake rates and deposition velocities that we obtained in laboratory experiments with observations in natural forests to show that 1,2-ISOPOOH deposits rapidly into poplar leaves.

Slow Growth and Increased Spontaneous Mutation Frequency in Respiratory Deficient Yeast Suppressed by a Dominant Mutation in .

A yeast deletion mutation in the nuclear-encoded gene, , which codes for a mitochondrial ribosomal protein, led to slow growth on glucose, the inability to grow on glycerol or ethanol, and loss of mitochondrial DNA and respiration. We noticed that yeast readily obtains secondary mutations that suppress aspects of this phenotype, including its growth defect. We characterized and identified a dominant missense suppressor mutation in the gene.