Hypoxia driven opioid targeted automated device for overdose rescue.

Opioid use disorder has been designated a worsening epidemic with over 100,000 deaths due to opioid overdoses recorded in 2021 alone. Unintentional deaths due to opioid overdoses have continued to rise inexorably. While opioid overdose antidotes such as naloxone, and nalmefene are available, these must be administered within a critical time window to be effective.

Atomic force microscopy of red-light photoreceptors using peakforce quantitative nanomechanical property mapping.

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) uses a pyramidal tip attached to a cantilever to probe the force response of a surface. The deflections of the tip can be measured to ~10 pN by a laser and sectored detector, which can be converted to image topography. Amplitude modulation or "tapping mode" AFM involves the probe making intermittent contact with the surface while oscillating at its resonant frequency to produce an image.

The potential impact of sickness-motivated behavior on the expression of neuropsychiatric disturbances in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Activation of the peripheral immune system is often accompanied by changes in cognition, ingestive behavior, sleep pattern, and sexual drive; collectively referred to as sickness behavior. Mounting evidence suggests that sickness behavior may be a purposeful attempt on the part of an organism to conserve energy and thereby facilitate recuperation. Illnesses characterized by chronic, uncontrolled immune reactivity such as systemic lupus erythematosus are also frequently associated with impaired emotionality and cognition; which, unlike sickness behavior, are conventionally thought to emanate from fixed structural lesions of the brain.

The role of saturation of fat depots in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance.

Insulin resistance is the earliest observable abnormality in individuals who are predisposed to, and who later develop type 2 diabetes mellitus. We hypothesize that saturation of the subcutaneous fat depot is the primary event in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance in the majority of patients and postulate that this seminal event may lead to the development of hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia and depressed HDL levels (i.e.

Anatomical distribution of small cell lung cancer: effects of lobe and gender on brain metastasis and survival.

Background: Primary small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has a predilection for the right rather than the left lung. The aim of this study was to examine the association between gender and pulmonary location and to examine the effects of these variables on the incidence of brain metastasis and the survival rate of patients with SCLC.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of medical charts of patients diagnosed with SCLC between January 1989 and December 2002 at MeritCare Hospital in Fargo, ND, USA.

Astrocyte production of the chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein-2 is inhibited by the spice principle curcumin at the level of gene transcription.

BACKGROUND: In neuropathological processes associated with neutrophilic infiltrates, such as experimental allergic encephalitis and traumatic injury of the brain, the CXC chemokine, macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) is thought to play a pivotal role in the induction and perpetuation of inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS). The origin of MIP-2 in inflammatory disorders of the brain has not been fully defined but astrocytes appear to be a dominant source of this chemokine.Curcumin is a spice principle in, and constitutes approximately 4 percent of, turmeric.

Proinflammatory cytokine genes are constitutively overexpressed in the heart in experimental systemic lupus erythematosus: a brief communication.

The heart is one of a number of organs that may be affected in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a prototypic autoimmune disease. Potential anatomical sites of involvement include the myocardium, pericardium, endocardium, valves, conduction system and blood vessels that subserve the heart. Typically, the severity of cardiovascular disease in lupus correlates with the degree of systemic inflammation, which is mirrored by the level of C-reactive protein (CRP) in the plasma.

The potential pathogenetic link between peripheral immune activation and the central innate immune response in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology. Neuropsychiatric disturbances unexplained by drugs or by other untoward manifestations of disease are present in up to one-half of SLE patients and have profound economic and social impact. In patients with neuropsychiatric SLE, structural lesions have been identified in the hippocampus and proinflammatory cytokines have been detected in the cerebrospinal fluid.

Arachidonoyl-phospholipid remodeling in proliferating murine T cells.

Background: Previous studies have shown that the functional capacity of T cells may be modulated by the composition of fatty acids within, and the release of fatty acids from membrane phospholipids, particularly containing arachidonic acid (AA). The remodeling of AA within membrane phospholipids of resting and proliferating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells is examined in this study.

Results: Splenic T cells were cultured in the presence or absence of anti-CD3 mAb for 48 h then labeled with [3H]AA for 20 min.

Tea pigments inhibit the production of type 1 (T(H1)) and type 2 (T(H2)) helper T cell cytokines in CD4(+) T cells.

Tea pigments are oxidized products of polyphenols derived from tea leaves (Camellia sinensis). Theaflavins are constituents of tea pigments with antioxidant, antineoplastic and antiinflammatory properties similar to their parent compounds. The biological properties of polyphenols and theaflavins have been linked to their capacity to inhibit the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), a transcription factor, which is critically involved in the molecular regulation of a number of proinflammatory cytokines.