Evaluation of local cancellous bone amelioration by poly-L-DL-lactide copolymers to improve primary stability of dental implants: a biomechanical study in sheep.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical performance of local cancellous bone amelioration by a 70:30 poly-(L-lactide-co-D,L-Lacide) copolymer with two different implant designs on primary stability and after 4 and 12 weeks of healing time.

Material And Methods: In six sheep, n = 36 implants (TH) with a conditioned, sandblasted, thermal acid-etched micro-rough surface and n = 36 implants (NB) with a highly crystalline and phosphate-enriched anodized titanium oxide surface were placed in the pelvic bone. Using an ultrasound-based process named Constant Amelioration Process (CAP), half of peri-implant trabecular bone structures were locally tested with 70:30 poly-(L-lactide-co-D,L-Lacide) copolymer in both implant groups, TH and NB.

Early bone apposition to hydrophilic and hydrophobic titanium implant surfaces: a histologic and histomorphometric study in minipigs.

Objective: The first objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the impact of the hydrophilicity on the early phases of osseointegration. The second objective was to compare two hydrophilic implant surfaces with different geometries, surface roughness, and technologies achieving hydrophilicity.

Material And Methods: Twelve weeks after extraction, all four quadrants of nine minipigs received three dental implants, alternating between hydrophilic microrough surfaces (INICELL and SLActive) and a conventional hydrophobic microrough surface.

Influence of the fiber diameter and surface roughness of electrospun vascular grafts on blood activation.

Electrospun grafts have been widely investigated for vascular graft replacement due to their ease and compatibility with many natural and synthetic polymers. Here, the effect of the processing parameters on the scaffold's architecture and subsequent reactions of partially heparinized blood triggered by contacting these topographies were studied. Degrapol® (DP) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) electrospun fibrous scaffolds were characterized with regard to fiber diameter, pore area and scaffold roughness.

Response of osteoclasts to titanium surfaces with increasing surface roughness: an in vitro study.

Osteoclasts are responsible for bone resorption and implant surface roughness promotes osseointegration. However, little is known about the effect of roughness on osteoclast activity. This study aims at the characterization of osteoclastic response to surface roughness.

Response of human bone marrow stromal cells, MG-63, and SaOS-2 to titanium-based dental implant surfaces with different topography and surface energy.

Objectives: Osseointegration is dependent on different parameters of the implant surface like surface roughness and physicochemical properties. In vitro studies using a wide variety of surface parameters and cell lines make it difficult to address the influence of a single parameter. With this study the influence of surface topography and energy on different osteoblast derived cell lines, namely MG-63 and SaOS-2 and of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSC) were investigated.

A comparison of osteoclast resorption pits on bone with titanium and zirconia surfaces.

Osteoclasts resorb bone at surfaces, leaving behind pits and trails where both mineral and organic phases of bone have been dissolved. Rough surface structures are deliberately imparted to synthetic implants, in order to improve osseointegration. The aim of this study is to characterize osteoclastic resorption pits on native bone surfaces and to compare these with state-of-the-art titanium and zirconia implant surfaces.

Mechanical anchorage and peri-implant bone formation of surface-modified zirconia in minipigs.

Aim: To test the hypothesis that peri-implant bone formation and mechanical stability of surface-modified zirconia and titanium implants are equivalent.

Materials And Methods: Twelve minipigs received three types of implants on either side of the mandible 8 weeks after removal of all pre-molar teeth: (i) a zirconia implant with a sandblasted surface; (ii) a zirconia implants with a sandblasted and etched surface; and (iii) a titanium implant with a sandblasted and acid-etched surface that served as a control. Removal torque and peri-implant bone regeneration were evaluated in six animals each after 4 and 13 weeks.

Surface-conditioned dental implants: an animal study on bone formation.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine whether bone formation around surface-conditioned implants is enhanced compared with non-surface-conditioned sandblasted acid-etched titanium implants.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and forty-four implants were placed in the mandible of 18 minipigs. Before placement, implants were either surface conditioned in a solution containing hydroxide ions (conSF) or assigned to controls.

Response of osteoblast-like SAOS-2 cells to zirconia ceramics with different surface topographies.

Objectives: Zirconia is a suitable biomaterial for use in medicine (stomatology, orthopaedics) due to its good biocompatibility and outstanding mechanical properties. This study compares the effect of (i) zirconia to the widely used titanium and (ii) zirconia with two different surface topographies (sandblasted and sandblasted/etched) on the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of SAOS-2 osteoblasts.

Methods: SAOS-2 cells were cultured on either sandblasted or sandblasted/etched zirconia and compared with sandblasted/etched titanium.