Draft genome sequence of the marine halophile strain 3098.

Vibrio diabolicus 3098 is a marine halophile, a member of the . The draft whole-genome sequence is 5.17 Mb and has 4,829 predicted coding sequences divided into two chromosomes and a plasmid.

Development and Preliminary Evaluation of a Food Literacy Measure for Use With Young People in Canada.

Background: This article presents the culmination of a multiyear research project aimed at creating a comprehensive food literacy framework and corresponding measure. Specifically, this article documents the development and validation of a food literacy measure for young people facing social inequities.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify items to measure 12 attributes of food literacy; test the measure with the identified target groups, considering attribute, face, and content validity, inter-rater reliability and test-retest reliability; and refine the measure.

A first-in-human, randomized study of the safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of povetacicept, an enhanced dual BAFF/APRIL antagonist, in healthy adults.

Therapeutic agents targeting the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily cytokines B-cell activating factor (BAFF, BLyS) and/or A PRoliferation Inducing Ligand (APRIL) have demonstrated clinical effectiveness in multiple autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, lupus nephritis, and immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). However, their clinical utility can often be limited by incomplete and/or prolonged times to clinical response and inconvenient dosing regimens, which may be improved by more potent dual inhibition of both cytokines. Povetacicept (ALPN-303; TACI vTD-Fc) is a crystallizable fragment (Fc) fusion protein of an engineered transmembrane activator and CAML interactor (TACI) domain which mediates more potent inhibitory activity than wild-type TACI-Fc or BAFF- or APRIL-specific antibodies and demonstrates superior pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic activity in multiple preclinical disease models.

Case report of fatal immune-mediated myocarditis following treatment with davoceticept (ALPN-202), a PD-L1-dependent CD28 costimulator and dual PD-L1/CTLA-4 checkpoint inhibitor, in combination with pembrolizumab.

Engagement of programmed death-1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) can interfere with the CD28 signaling requisite for T-cell activation. While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can relieve this suppression, they are unable to drive CD28 costimulation that may mechanistically contribute to ICI resistance. Thus, CD28 costimulation in the context of checkpoint inhibition may activate immunosuppressed T-cells in the tumor microenvironment.

Preclinical Characterization of the Anti-Leukemia Activity of the CD33/CD16a/NKG2D Immune-Modulating TriNKET CC-96191.

Increasing efforts are focusing on natural killer (NK) cell immunotherapies for AML. Here, we characterized CC-96191, a novel CD33/CD16a/NKG2D immune-modulating TriNKET. CC-96191 simultaneously binds CD33, NKG2D, and CD16a, with NKG2D and CD16a co-engagement increasing the avidity for, and activation of, NK cells.

Pre-Pandemic and Recent Oral and Medical Health Care Utilization among Young American Indian Children and Their Caregivers.

Children from diverse ethnic groups are at significantly increased risk for dental caries. In particular, American Indian (AI) children have the highest incidence of detal caries of any ethnic group. The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically restricted health care access, including preventive oral health care.

The Special Delivery Unit: A Novel Concept for Mother-Baby Continuity for Major Fetal Abnormalities.

Objective: This article describes the experience in the planning and development of a special delivery unit (SDU) at our free-standing children's hospital in Austin, Texas.

Study Design: Description of various aspects of the development of the SDU. In addition, telephone surveys were obtained from five other institutions regarding the planning and current status of their SDUs.

Community based participatory research approaches to combat oral health inequities among American Indian and Alaska Native populations.

American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities have experienced a history of systemic racism and still face significant oral health disparities. These disparities extend to the youngest community members in the form of early childhood caries (ECC). Although behavior and biology contribute to ECC, the conditions where people live, grow, and work, and the systems and political and economic forces that shape individual health outcomes, are thought to greatly impact ECC among AI/AN populations.

Areca Nut and Betel Quid Control Interventions: Halting the Epidemic.

: Areca nut (AN) and betel quid (BQ) are classified as Group 1 carcinogens. There are approximately 600 million AN/BQ users globally; the majority of users live in the Asia-Pacific region which, correspondingly, has the highest rates of oral cancer. Despite significant disease burden associated with AN/BQ use, there have been no systematic reviews of interventions to reduce product use.

Association of vesicoureteral reflux and gastroesophageal reflux disease in children: A population-based study.

Introduction: Practitioners have anecdotally hinted at a possible association between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). We sought to identify an association in diagnosis between GERD and VUR using a population-based dataset in a well-defined geographic area covered by a single-payer healthcare system.

Methods: A retrospective review of individuals aged 0-16 years registered in the Nova Scotia Medical Service Insurance database from January 1997 to December 2012 was completed.

Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis and the impact of a thrombosis service at a Canadian level 1 trauma centre.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common and serious complication seen in patients with trauma. Guidelines recommend the routine use of pharmacologic prophylaxis; however, compliance rates vary widely. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical practice related to VTE prophylaxis in the first 24 hours after injury at our level 1 Canadian trauma centre and the impact of a thrombosis consultation service.

Staff Perceptions of Chaplains in a Neurosciences Critical Care Unit.

Hospital chaplains often visit critically ill patients, but neurosciences critical care unit (NCCU) staff beliefs surrounding chaplains have not been characterized. In this study, we used Qualtrics to survey 70 NCCU healthcare workers about their attitudes toward chaplains in the NCCU. Chaplains were seen positively by staff but were less likely to be viewed as part of the care team by staff with more than five years of NCCU experience.

The use of Electronic Health Records to Support Population Health: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Electronic health records (EHRs) have emerged among health information technology as "meaningful use" to improve the quality and efficiency of healthcare, and health disparities in population health. In other instances, they have also shown lack of interoperability, functionality and many medical errors. With proper implementation and training, are electronic health records a viable source in managing population health? The primary objective of this systematic review is to assess the relationship of electronic health records' use on population health through the identification and analysis of facilitators and barriers to its adoption for this purpose.

Replacing gastrostomy tubes with collapsible bumpers in pediatric patients: Is it safe to "cut" the tube and allow the bumper to pass enterally?

Purpose: The "cut and push" technique for removal of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tubes with collapsible bumpers offers an alternative to the standard traction method of removal. This study compared the outcomes of these techniques.

Methods: We completed a research ethics board-approved retrospective cohort study, identifying all patients less than 18years of age who underwent PEG tube removal at a children's hospital between December 2013 and December 2016.

Internal grant review to increase grant funding for junior investigators.

Decreasing biomedical research support over the past decade has driven many talented young scientists to seek careers outside academia. In 2011, the Department of Neurology at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine developed an internal grant review program (IGRP) to systematically review career development awards (CDAs) and research grants (e.g.

Effect of claw horn lesion type and severity at the time of treatment on outcome of lameness in dairy cows.

Prompt diagnosis and treatment of claw horn lesions in cattle affects the likelihood of recovery; however, it is unknown if the type of lesion influences the likelihood of recovery. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the type, severity and frequency of claw horn lesions in newly lame cows (lame for no more than 2 weeks) at the time of corrective foot trimming affects the probability of recovery from lameness after treatment. The images of 112 feet (224 claws) from newly lame cows (n=112; lame in only one hind foot), which were treated with a standardised therapeutic hoof trim only, were used to score claw horn lesions (sole ulcer, sole haemorrhage, white line haemorrhage or white line separation).

Identifying attributes of food literacy: a scoping review.

Objective: An absence of food literacy measurement tools makes it challenging for nutrition practitioners to assess the impact of food literacy on healthy diets and to evaluate the outcomes of food literacy interventions. The objective of the present scoping review was to identify the attributes of food literacy.

Design: A scoping review of peer-reviewed and grey literature was conducted and attributes of food literacy identified.

Living with traumatic brain injury in a rural setting: supports and barriers across the continuum of care.

Purpose: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is prevalent in Kentucky and comes with a high cost in care and quality of life for individuals and caregivers affected. Many people living with the condition of TBI have unmet needs. Research among people living with TBI in rural areas is limited.

Demonstration of Functional Similarity of Proposed Biosimilar ABP 501 to Adalimumab.

Background: Due to the complex molecular structure and proprietary manufacturing processes of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), differences in structure and function may be expected during development of biosimilar mAbs. Important regulatory requirements for approval of biosimilar products involve comprehensive assessments of any potential differences between proposed biosimilars and reference mAbs, including differences in all known mechanisms of action, using sensitive and relevant methods. Any identified structural differences should not result in differences in biofunctional or clinical activity.

Efficacy and safety of oxybutynin topical gel 3% in patients with urgency and/or mixed urinary incontinence: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Aims: To assess the efficacy and safety of oxybutynin transdermal gel 3% (OTG3%), with propylene glycol for enhanced skin permeation, in patients with urinary incontinence (UI).

Methods: In this phase 3 study, 626 patients ≥18 years old with urgency and/or mixed UI symptoms and predominantly urgency UI for ≥3 months were randomized 1:1:1 to receive 12 weeks of OTG3% 84 mg, OTG3% 56 mg, or placebo gel applied once daily to abdomen, inner/upper thigh, or upper arm/shoulder. Primary efficacy endpoint was change from baseline to Week 12 in weekly UI episodes recorded in 3-day bladder diaries.

Fruit and vegetable consumption among children in a socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhood.

Purpose: Fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption was examined among children aged seven to 10 years in a London, Ontario, neighbourhood. The goal was to determine areas requiring targeted programs to promote healthy lifestyles.

Methods: Data were gathered from 136 students in grades 2 to 4.

Using Photovoice with at-risk youth in a community-based cooking program.

Purpose: We examined the facilitators of and barriers to participants' application of cooking skills beyond Cook It Up!, a pilot community-based cooking program targeting at-risk youth aged 13 to 18.

Methods: Photovoice is a qualitative research method using still-picture cameras to document participants' health and community realities. Four participants photographed items they perceived as facilitators of or barriers to the application of cooking skills.