The PTB water calorimeter for determining the absolute absorbed dose to water in ultra-high pulse dose rate electron beams.

. The purpose of this investigation is to establish the water calorimeter as the primary standard in PTB's ultra-high pulse dose rate (UHPDR) 20 MeV reference electron beams..

Absorbed-dose-to-water measurement using alanine in ultra-high-pulse-dose-rate electron beams.

. The aim of the presented study is to evaluate the dose response of the PTB's secondary standard system, which is based on alanine and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy measurement, in ultra-high-pulse-dose-rate (UHPDR) electron beams..

The probe-format graphite calorimeter, Aerrow, for absolute dosimetry in ultrahigh pulse dose rate electron beams.

Purpose: The purpose of this investigation is to evaluate the use of a probe-format graphite calorimeter, Aerrow, as an absolute and relative dosimeter of high-energy pulse dose rate (UHPDR) electron beams for in-water reference and depth-dose-type measurements, respectively.

Methods: In this paper, the calorimeter system is used to investigate the potential influence of dose per pulses delivered up to 5.6 Gy, the number of pulses delivered per measurement, and its potential for relative measurement (depth-dose curve measurement).

Typical Imaging Patterns in COVID-19 Infections of the Lung on Plain Chest Radiographs to Aid Early Triage.

Purpose:  To evaluate imaging patterns of a COVID-19 infection of the lungs on chest radiographs and their value in discriminating this infection from other viral pneumonias.

Materials And Methods:  All 321 patients who presented with respiratory impairment suspicious for COVID-19 infection between February 3 and May 8, 2020 and who received a chest radiograph were included in this analysis. Imaging findings were classified as typical for COVID-19 (bilateral, peripheral opacifications/consolidations), non-typical (findings consistent with lobar pneumonia), indeterminate (all other distribution patterns of opacifications/consolidations), or none (no opacifications/consolidations).

Ion collection efficiency of ionization chambers in ultra-high dose-per-pulse electron beams.

Purpose: The ion collection efficiency of vented ionization chambers has been investigated in an ultra-high dose-per-pulse (DPP) electron beam. The role of the chamber design and the electric field strength in the sensitive air volume have been evaluated.

Methods: An advanced Markus chamber and three specially designed parallel plate air-filled ionization chambers (EWC: End Window Chamber) with varying electrode distance of 0.

In vivo dosimetry in the urethra using alanine/ESR during (192)Ir HDR brachytherapy of prostate cancer--a phantom study.

A phantom study for dosimetry in the urethra using alanine/ESR during (192)Ir HDR brachytherapy of prostate cancer is presented. The measurement method of the secondary standard of the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt had to be slightly modified in order to be able to measure inside a Foley catheter. The absorbed dose to water response of the alanine dosimetry system to (192)Ir was determined with a reproducibility of 1.

Is there an influence of the surrounding material on the response of the alanine dosimetry system?

In a combined experimental and Monte Carlo study the possible influence of the surrounding material on the response of the alanine dosimetry system was investigated. The aim of this work was to estimate the uncertainties induced by the surroundings with respect to quality assurance measurements for radiotherapy, for example in humanoid phantoms. Six different materials were tested.