Variability in forced expiratory volume in 1 s in children with symptomatically well-controlled asthma.

Aims: Spirometry is used by many clinicians to monitor asthma in children but relatively little is understood about its variability over time. The aim of this study was to determine the variability of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV in children with symptomatically well-controlled asthma by applying three different methods of expressing change in FEV over 3-month intervals.

Methods: Data from five longitudinal studies of children with asthma which measured FEV at 3-month intervals over 6 or 12 months were used.

Limited role of children in transmission of SARS-CoV-2 virus in households-Immunological analysis of 26 familial clusters.

Background: The impact of children on the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains uncertain. This study provides an insight into distinct patterns of SARS-CoV-2 household transmission in case of pediatric and adult index cases as well as age-dependent susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods: Immune analysis, medical interviewing, and contact tracing of 26 families with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection cases have been conducted.

SARS-CoV-2 Associated Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome With a High Prevalence of Myocarditis - A Multicenter Evaluation of Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics, Treatment and Outcome.

Introduction: comprises a new disease entity having emerged after the COVID-19 outbreak in 2019.

Materials And Methods: For this multicenter, retrospective study children between 0 and 18 years with PIMS-TS between March 2020 and May 2021 were included, before availability of vaccination for children. Frequent SARS-CoV-2 variants at that period were the wildtype virus, alpha, beta and delta variants.

Associations Between Parental Occupational Balance, Subjective Health, and Clinical Characteristics of VLBW Infants.

Objective: Very low birthweight (VLBW) infants have an increased risk of mortality and frequently suffer from complications, which affects parental occupational balance. Occupational balance is the satisfaction with one's meaningful activities, which include everyday activities that people need to, want to, and are expected to do. In contrast to work-life balance, the construct of occupational balance addresses different activities equally and it applies to all persons, regardless of whether they are working or not.

Characterization of the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 in a mildly affected pediatric population.

Background: While children usually experience a mild course of COVID-19, and a severe disease is more common in adults, the features, specificities, and functionality of the SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody response in the pediatric population are of interest.

Methods: We performed a detailed analysis of IgG antibodies specific for SARS-CoV-2-derived antigens S and RBD by ELISA in 26 SARS-CoV-2 seropositive schoolchildren with mild or asymptomatic disease course, and in an equally sized, age- and gender-matched control group. Furthermore, a detailed mapping of IgG reactivity to a panel of microarrayed SARS-CoV-2 proteins and S-derived peptides was performed by microarray technology.

FDA warning montelukast 03.2020-Statement of the Austrian working group of pediatric pulmonology and allergology.

Montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) has been approved for use in Europe since 1998. Indications for use (from the age of 6 months) include mild to moderate asthma, seasonal allergic rhinitis with asthma, and the prevention of exercise-induced asthma episodes. The psychiatric side effects of montelukast have been known for the last 10 years; in the case of such symptoms benefits and risks should be considered.

Lessons from low seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in schoolchildren: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Children are discussed as hidden SARS-CoV-2 virus reservoir because of predominantly mild or even asymptomatic course of disease. The objective of this cross-sectional study in May-July 2020 was to assess the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and virus RNA in schoolchildren, consistent with previous infection by contact tracing.

Methods: School authorities approached parents for voluntary participation.

Wheeze and cough measurements at night in children with respiratory symptoms.

Background: Nocturnal cough and wheeze are important symptoms when diagnosing any respiratory disease in a child, but objective measurements of these symptoms are not performed.

Methods: The aim of our study was to analyze the use of an automated detection system to assess breath sounds objectively in comparison to cough and wheeze questionnaires and to evaluate its feasibility in clinical practice.

Results: Forty-nine recordings of thirty-nine children were processed (asthma n = 13; cystic fibrosis n = 2; pneumonia n = 5; suspicion of habit cough n = 7; prolonged, recurrent or chronic cough n = 13), and cough and asthma scores were compared to the objective nocturnal recordings.

Does treatment guided by exhaled nitric oxide fraction improve outcomes in subgroups of children with asthma?

Introduction: Exhaled nitric oxide fraction ( ), a biomarker of eosinophilic airway inflammation, may be useful to guide asthma treatment. -guided treatment may be more effective in certain subgroups for improving asthma outcomes compared to standard treatment.

Methods: An individual patient data analysis was performed using data from seven randomised clinical trials (RCTs) which used to guide asthma treatment.

What is a clinically meaningful change in exhaled nitric oxide for children with asthma?

Introduction: Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (F NO) may be a useful objective measurement to guide asthma treatment. What remains uncertain is what change in F NO is clinically significant.

Methods: An individual patient data analysis was performed using data from seven randomized clinical trials which used F NO to guide asthma treatment.

Childhood tuberculosis in Vienna between 2010 and 2016.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) has become a rare disease in developed countries. Austria is a low incidence country for TB with an incidence rate of 7.2/100,000 in 2016.

Characteristics of cystic fibrosis-related diabetes: Data from two different sources the European cystic fibrosis society patient registry and German/Austrian diabetes prospective follow-up registry.

Background: Standardized patient registries provide a unique basis to get insight into cystic fibrosis (CF)-related diabetes (CFRD), the most common comorbidity in CF.

Methods: A total of 3853 CFRD patients from the European CF Society Patient Registry (ECFSPR) and 752 from the German/Austrian diabetes prospective follow-up (diabetes patienten verlaufsdokumentation [DPV]) were studied. To adjust for age and sex, multivariable regression was used (SAS 9.

Change in FEV and Feno Measurements as Predictors of Future Asthma Outcomes in Children.

Background: Repeated measurements of spirometry and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (Feno) are recommended as part of the management of childhood asthma, but the evidence base for such recommendations is small. We tested the hypothesis that reducing spirometric indices or increasing Feno will predict poor future asthma outcomes.

Methods: A one-stage individual patient data meta-analysis used data from seven randomized controlled trials in which Feno was used to guide asthma treatment; spirometric indices were also measured.

Estimating the age of p.(Phe508del) with family studies of geographically distinct European populations and the early spread of cystic fibrosis.

The high incidence of cystic fibrosis (CF) is due to the frequency of the c.1521_1523delCTT variant in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), but its age and origin are uncertain. This gap limits attempts to shed light on the presumed heterozygote selective advantage that accounts for the variant's high prevalence among Caucasian Europeans and Europe-derived populations.

Increased severity of respiratory syncytial virus airway infection due to passive smoke exposure.

Objective: Aim of this study was to analyze whether children with objectively measured second-hand cigarette smoke (SHS) exposure suffer from a more severe course of disease when hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

Methods: This prospective study was conducted at the Department of Pediatrics, Wilhelminen-Hospital, Vienna, Austria in children aged below 1 year without a history of preceding lung disease and with acute symptoms of LRTI and a positive nasopharyngeal swab for RSV. On admission, urinary cotinine was measured as a marker of recent SHS and clinical severity of LRTI was assessed by oxygen saturation SpO and the "admission clinical severity score" (CSSA).

Early detection of lung function decrements in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis using new reference values.

Unlabelled: Interpretation of lung function values in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) depends on the applied reference values. We hypothesize that differences between the new global lung function initiative (GLI) values and the formerly used Zapletal et al. values produce significantly different clinical results.

Cystic fibrosis in Austria.

Registry data for patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are increasingly used to evaluate the natural history, for benchmarking of therapy and in order to identify eligible patients for clinical studies. So far, no data on frequency and clinical status of CF patients have been available for Austria on a national level. We collected data of CF patients treated 2014 in Austrian CF outpatient clinics by means of a European CF registry and on an individual search basis.

[New international reference values for spirometry: implications for clinical issues using a comparative analysis of a paediatric population].

Background: The new lung function reference values of the global lung initiative (GLI) are recommended by most health societies. The aim of this study was to analyze FEV1- and FEV1/FVC-values from a German and Austrian patient group applying old and new reference values.

Results: A total of 215 Caucasian children (aged 5-17 years) were included.

[Effects of outdoor pollutants on the respiratory health of children].

The exposure against common air pollutants such as NO2, PM10 and SO2 has decreased in the last decades due to efforts of the EC to reduce emissions of industrial or traffic related origins. However, ozone exposure demonstrates an upward trend. New epidemiologic studies use geographical information systems for a more precise special and temporal categorisation of exposure.

Monitoring asthma in childhood: symptoms, exacerbations and quality of life.

Monitoring asthma in children in clinical practice is primarily performed by reviewing disease activity (daytime and night-time symptoms, use of reliever medication, exacerbations requiring frequent use of reliever medication and urgent visits to the healthcare professional) and the impact of the disease on children's daily activities, including sports and play, in a clinical interview. In such an interview, most task force members also discuss adherence to maintenance therapy and the patients' (and parents') views and beliefs on the goals of treatment and the amount of treatment required to achieve those goals. Composite asthma control and quality of life measures, although potentially useful in research, have limited value in clinical practice because they have a short recall window and do not cover the entire spectrum of asthma control.

Monitoring asthma in children.

The goal of asthma treatment is to obtain clinical control and reduce future risks to the patient. To reach this goal in children with asthma, ongoing monitoring is essential. While all components of asthma, such as symptoms, lung function, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and inflammation, may exist in various combinations in different individuals, to date there is limited evidence on how to integrate these for optimal monitoring of children with asthma.