Biodynamer Nano-Complexes and -Emulsions for Peptide and Protein Drug Delivery.

Background: Therapeutic proteins and peptides offer great advantages compared to traditional synthetic molecular drugs. However, stable protein loading and precise control of protein release pose significant challenges due to the extensive range of physicochemical properties inherent to proteins. The development of a comprehensive protein delivery strategy becomes imperative accounting for the diverse nature of therapeutic proteins.

Acetylation of cellulose - Another pathway of natural cellulose aging during library storage of books and papers.

Gaseous acetic acid is formed under conditions of storage of historic paper objects. Its presence not only promotes hydrolytic cleavage of cellulose, but also causes acetylation of the cellulosic material to very small degree. The acetylation reaction proceeds under ambient conditions and without catalyst.

European Pharma Oligonucleotide Consortium: A Move to Consolidate Oligonucleotide Knowledge and Share Experience Within the Community.

A consortium of seven pharma companies has been formed with the aim of sharing knowledge on and harmonizing approaches to oligonucleotide development. This letter aims to raise awareness of this new group and to set expectations for future publications.

Characterization and evaluation of a modified PVPA barrier in comparison to Caco-2 cell monolayers for combined dissolution and permeation testing.

Aim of this study was to implement a modified phospholipid vesicle-based permeation assay (PVPA) barrier as alternative to Caco-2 cell monolayers in a combined dissolution and permeation system for testing of solid dosage forms. Commercially available Transwell® inserts were coated with egg phospholipids (Lipoid E 80) and characterized by confocal Raman microscopy. The modified PVPA barrier was then evaluated in permeation studies with solutions of different drugs as well as in combined dissolution and permeation studies utilizing an immediate and an extended release tablet formulation.

Online monitoring of transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) in an apparatus for combined dissolution and permeation testing.

The aim of this study was to evaluate a newly implemented feature for the online monitoring of transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) in an apparatus for combined in vitro dissolution and permeation testing. In a first step, the course of TEER was analyzed simultaneously to the permeability of sodium fluorescein, and a time frame of cell monolayer integrity inside the apparatus of approximately 3h was found. In successive experiments cell monolayer integrity was challenged by application of EDTA (8, 6, 3 and 2 mM) in the apical compartment.

Automated measurement of permeation and dissolution of propranolol HCl tablets using sequential injection analysis.

Aim of this study was to automate sampling and quantification of the previously described apparatus for combined determination of dissolution and permeation through Caco-2 monolayer by means of sequential injection analysis (SIA). Native fluorescence of propranolol HCl in Krebs-Ringer buffer (KRB) was used for quantification. Sampling was done at three different locations within the apparatus at a high sampling frequency (approximately 60 h(-1)).

Permeability assessment for solid oral drug formulations based on Caco-2 monolayer in combination with a flow through dissolution cell.

The aim of our study was to develop an apparatus assessing in vitro permeation through Caco-2 monolayers of oral solid dosage forms as a possible tool to forecast in vivo performance. Therefore, flow through dissolution and permeation modules were connected by means of a stream splitter. Permeation was measured in a specially designed cell, dissolution took place in the apparatus 4, USP.

Determination of pKa values by liquid chromatography.

In this paper, we investigate the potential of a high-performance liquid chromatography technique to determine pKa values of drug candidates that show poor solubility in water. The determination of pKa values by this method is in principle not new, but it exhibits simplicity, requires lower quantities of drugs and solvents, and minimal analysis time. The method is an alternative to existing methodology, in which this determination is not readily feasible.