Time Toxicity of Systemic Anticancer Therapy for Metastatic Lung Cancer in Routine Clinical Practice: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Purpose: The concept of time toxicity of cancer treatment, defined as proportion of days from physical contact with the health care system, has been suggested as simple, patient-centered measure useful for shared decision making, particularly in incurable cancer. We investigated the extent of health care contacts in clinical practice in Danish patients with stage IV lung cancer starting first-line systemic anticancer therapies.

Methods: This is a nationwide cohort study of newly diagnosed patients with stage IV lung cancer in Denmark who initiated treatment during 2019-2021 and followed for up to 1 year.

Term umbilical cord blood, fully tested and processed, as the source of red blood cell transfusions for extremely-low-gestational age neonates.

ELGANs (Extremely-Low-Gestational-Age Neonates; those born before 28 weeks gestation) are at risk for developing significant morbidities including retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and cognitive impairment. The pathogenesis of each of these morbidities is complex, but a growing literature suggests that repeated transfusions of adult donor red blood cells (RBC) conveys a propensity to develop these disorders. The biological rationale for the propensities might vary with each morbidity.

TO INFORM OR NOT TO INFORM about venous thromboembolisms - A qualitative study on communication between healthcare professionals and patients with lung cancer.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of death among cancer patients. Despite this, studies show that patients with cancer feel inadequately informed about the VTE risk and symptoms, which may impede their ability to recognise symptoms and react promptly. Patients with lung cancer are especially vulnerable due to a high relative risk of developing VTE combined with a high prevalence of low health literacy.

Thromboprophylaxis in oesophageal cancer patients-a study protocol for a randomised, controlled trial (TOP-RCT).

Background: The purpose of the study is to examine if prolonged thromboprophylaxis decreases the risk of thrombosis after intended curative surgery for oesophageal cancer. Study results are expected to inform a guideline for thromboprophylaxis after oesophageal cancer surgery. The perspective is to reduce morbidity and mortality in this critically ill patient group.

Predictors of Symptom Reduction and Remission Among People with Anxiety: Secondary Analyses from a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Despite the substantial disease burden of anxiety disorders, only limited or conflicting data on prognostic factors is available. Most studies include patients in the secondary healthcare sector thus, the generalizability of findings is limited. The present study examines predictors of symptom reduction and remission in patients with anxiety disorders in a primary care setting.

Weyl Points on Nonorientable Manifolds.

Weyl fermions are hypothetical chiral particles that can also manifest as excitations near three-dimensional band crossing points in lattice systems. These quasiparticles are subject to the Nielsen-Ninomiya "no-go" theorem when placed on a lattice, requiring the total chirality across the Brillouin zone to vanish. This constraint results from the topology of the (orientable) manifold on which they exist.

FDG-PET/CT-based respiration-gated lung segmentation and quantification of lung inflammation in COPD patients.

Objective And Results Description: The study objective was to investigate the potential of quantitative measures of pulmonary inflammation by [18 F]Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) as a surrogate marker of inflammation in COPD. Patients treated with anti-inflammatory Liraglutide were compared to placebo and correlated with inflammatory markers. 27 COPD-patients (14 receiving Liraglutide treatment and 13 receiving placebo) underwent 4D-respiratory-gated FDG-PET/CT before and after treatment.

Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With Stage III and IV Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Nationwide Descriptive Cohort Study.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication in patients starting cancer therapies for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We examined the risk and timing of VTE in patients with stage IIIA, IIIB to C, and stage IV NSCLC according to received cancer treatments.

Materials And Methods: A nationwide registry-based cohort study of patients recorded in the Danish Lung Cancer Registry (2010-2021) followed for 1 year after entry into the registry to assess the incidence of VTE.

In-hospital thromboprophylaxis variation and the risk of venous thromboembolism after lung cancer surgery: a nationwide cohort study.

Objectives: Venous thromboembolic event (VTE) is a severe complication in patients with lung cancer undergoing thoracic surgery. Nevertheless, because of insufficient evidence, there are no clear guidelines, and VTE prophylaxis practices vary widely. This nationwide cohort study was a comparative study investigating VTE risk in surgical departments that routinely administered in-hospital thromboprophylaxis with low-molecular-weight heparin compared to those that did not.

Lifestyle counselling as secondary prevention in patients with minor stroke or transient ischemic attack: a randomized controlled pilot study.

Background: Patients with minor stroke or transient ischemic attacks have an increased risk of future strokes. These patients are often discharged home with limited specialized follow-up, although close to half of them experience cognitive deficits. Simple encouragements to avoid smoking, be physically active, and to take preventive medication are often insufficient to ensure adherence and more comprehensive interventions are needed to support the patients in adapting healthy behaviour.

"Stuck in the middle": the missing lumbosacral link in total hip arthroplasty.

Introduction: Spinopelvic mobility drives functional acetabular position, influencing dislocation risk after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Patients have been described as "stuck sitting" or "stuck standing" based on pelvic tilt (PT). We hypothesised that some patients are "stuck in the middle," meaning their PT changes minimally from sitting to standing - increasing their risk of dislocation.

Does Melatonin Improve Sleep Following Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty? A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Background: Sleep impairment following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is common and may decrease patient satisfaction and recovery. Standardized postoperative recommendations for sleep disturbances have not been established. We aimed to assess whether melatonin use could promote healthy sleep and reduce sleep disturbance in the acute period following TKA.

Efficacy of avoiding chest drains after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery wedge resection: protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: The use of routine postoperative chest drains after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) of the lung is a practice based on tradition with the aim of draining fluid and air. However, new evidence suggests that chest drains can be avoided in selected cases. With this randomised controlled trial, we wish to establish the efficacy and safety of avoiding postoperative chest drains compared with routine postoperative chest drains.

Complication rates rise with age and Haller index in minimally invasive correction of pectus excavatum: A high-volume, single-center retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: The study objectives were to describe the compounded complication rate of minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum, identify predisposing risk factors, and evaluate the optimal timing of correction. Minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum is the standard treatment for pectus excavatum and consists of 2 invasive procedures, for example, correction with bar insertion followed by bar removal after 2 to 3 years.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study identifying children, adolescents, and adults of both genders corrected for pectus excavatum with minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum between 2001 and 2022.

Comparing Outcomes of Bicruciate-Stabilized and Cruciate-Retaining Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Background: Bicruciate-stabilized (BCS) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) aims to restore normal kinematics by replicating the function of both cruciate ligaments. Conventional cruciate-retaining (CR) design in TKA has shown previous clinical success with lower complication rates. This study compared the patient-reported outcomes between the BCS and CR TKA designs.

Geometric Similarities and Topological Phases in Surface Magnon Polaritons.

Surface polaritons have proven to be uniquely capable of controlling light-matter interactions. Here we explore surface magnon polaritons in low-loss ferrimagnetic semiconductors, with a focus on their topological phases. We propose several surface magnon polariton devices, including microwave resonators that can strongly enhance magnetic fields and low-loss interconnects joining waveguides with vastly different impedances.

Comparison of video assisted thoracoscopic surgery and thoracotomy for treatment of pleural infection stage II and III: a literature review.

Background And Objective: Pleural infection is associated with significant mortality and morbidity worldwide, with a steadily increasing incidence. We sought to investigate whether video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) or thoracotomy provides the best outcomes in the treatment of stage II and III pleural infection as indications remain controversial.

Methods: Systematic review of relevant articles from the PubMed database.

Banked term umbilical cord blood to meet the packed red blood cell transfusion needs of extremely-low-gestational-age neonates: a feasibility analysis.

Objectives: To assess the feasibility of drawing, processing, safety-testing, and banking term umbilical cord blood to meet the packed red blood cell transfusion (RBC Tx) needs of extremely-low-gestational-age neonates (ELGANs).

Design: (1) Retrospectively analyze all ELGANs RBC Tx over the past three years, (2) Estimate local cord blood availability, (3) Assess interest in this project, and implementation barriers, through stakeholder surveys.

Results: In three years we cared for 266 ELGANs; 165 (62%) received ≥1 RBC Tx.

Topological electromagnetic waves in dispersive and lossy plasma crystals.

Topological photonic crystals, which offer topologically protected and back-scattering-immune transport channels, have recently gained significant attention for both scientific and practical reasons. Although most current studies focus on dielectric materials with weak dispersions, this study focuses on topological phases in dispersive materials and presents a numerical study of Chern insulators in gaseous-phase plasma cylinder cells. We develop a numerical framework to address the complex material dispersion arising from the plasma medium and external magnetic fields and identify Chern insulator phases that are experimentally achievable.