Borderline Personality Disorder and Violence Toward Self and Others: A National Study.

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is associated with violence toward self and others. This study aims to further identify which BPD criteria are independently related to violence, using data from National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III, which included a total of 36,309 U.S.

Self- and other-directed forms of violence and their relationship with lifetime DSM-5 psychiatric disorders: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol Related Conditions-III (NESARC-III).

A combined history of violence toward self and others has been reported in clinical and incarcerated populations. Psychiatric disorders have been implicated as risk factors. This study examines the lifetime prevalence of this combined violence in the general population and its associations with DSM-5 psychiatric disorders in comparison with other- and self-directed violence.

Substance use disorders and self- and other-directed violence among adults: Results from the National Survey on Drug Use And Health.

Background: Previous studies have identified a violence typology of self- and other-directed violence. This study examines the extent to which substance use disorders (SUDs) as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV), independent of serious psychological distress, major depressive episodes, assault arrest, and criminal justice involvement, are associated with these violence categories.

Method: Data were obtained from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) pooled across survey years 2008-2015, with a combined sample of 314,881 adult respondents.

Treatment Utilization Among Adolescent Substance Users: Findings from the 2002 to 2013 National Survey on Drug Use and Health.

Background: Adolescent substance users face serious health and social consequences and benefit from early diagnosis and treatment. The objectives of this study were to observe trends in treatment utilization; examine correlates of treatment utilization and treatment types/settings among adolescent substance users with and without substance use disorder (SUD); and assess gender differences.

Methods: National Survey on Drug Use and Health data were pooled across 2002 to 2013, with a combined sample of 79,885 past-year substance users ages 12 to 17 (17,510 with SUD and 62,375 without SUD).

Psychiatric Symptom Clusters as Risk Factors for Alcohol Use Disorders in Adolescence: A National Study.

Background: Few epidemiologic studies have examined a full range of adolescent psychiatric disorders in the general population. The association between psychiatric symptom clusters (PSCs) and DSM-IV alcohol use disorders (AUDs) among adolescents is not well understood.

Methods: This study draws upon the public-use data from the 2000 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, including a study sample of 19,430 respondents aged 12 to 17.

DSM-IV Personality Disorders: Dimensional Ordered Categorization and Associations With Disability and Selected Axis I Disorders in a General Population Survey.

The DSM approach to personality disorder (PD) diagnoses has been criticized for using arbitrary thresholds. The present study evaluated one dimensional approach with ordered threshold categories of severity by examining associations with several measures of disability and Axis I disorders for 10 PDs in the general population. Data were obtained from the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions, Waves 1 and 2.

DSM-IV personality disorders and associations with externalizing and internalizing disorders: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions.

Background: Although associations between personality disorders and psychiatric disorders are well established in general population studies, their association with liability dimensions for externalizing and internalizing disorders has not been fully assessed. The purpose of this study is to examine associations between personality disorders (PDs) and lifetime externalizing and internalizing Axis I disorders.

Methods: Data were obtained from the total sample of 34,653 respondents from Wave 2 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC).

Other- and self-directed forms of violence and their relationships to DSM-IV substance use and other psychiatric disorders in a national survey of adults.

Objective: To examine associations between DSM-IV psychiatric disorders and other- and self-directed violence in the general population.

Methods: Data were obtained from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) Waves 1 & 2 (n=34,653). Four violence categories were derived from a latent class analysis (LCA) of 5 other-directed and 4 self-directed violent behavior indicators.

A Typology of Violence against Self and Others and Its Associations with Drinking and Other Drug Use among High School Students in a U.S. General Population Survey.

This study examined associations between binge drinking and other substance use and perpetration of violence against self and others. Data were pooled from the 2003, 2005, and was constructed to reflect four categories of behaviors: other-directed violence only, self-directed violence only, combined other- and self-directed violence, and no violence. Results from multinomial logistic regressions show that the frequency of binge drinking and other substance use were significant risk factors for each of the violence categories relative to no-violence.

An item response theory analysis of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for personality disorders: findings from the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of DSM-IV symptom criteria for assessing personality disorders (PDs) in a national population and to compare variations in proposed symptom coding for social and/or occupational dysfunction. Data were obtained from a total sample of 34,653 respondents from Waves 1 and 2 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC). For each personality disorder, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) established a 1-factor latent factor structure for the respective symptom criteria.

Deployment to a combat zone and other risk factors for mental health-related disability discharge from the U.S. Army: 1994-2007.

Combat exposure is associated with subsequent mental health symptoms, but progression to mental health disability is unclear. Army soldiers discharged with mental health disability (n = 4,457) were compared to two matched control groups: other disability discharge (n = 8,974) and routine discharge (n = 9,128). In multivariate logistic models, odds of mental health disability discharge versus other disability and routine discharge were significantly higher for soldiers deployed to combat zones; odds ratios increased with deployment time.

The five-year diagnostic utility of "diagnostic orphans" for alcohol use disorders in a national sample of young adults.

Objective: This study was conducted to assess the association of "diagnostic orphans" at baseline and subsequent development of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) alcohol use disorders (AUDs) 5 years later.

Method: A sample of 8,534 respondents was drawn from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth for the years 1989 and 1994. Diagnostic orphans were defined as respondents who met one or two alcohol dependence symptom criteria but did not meet the criteria for a diagnosis of alcohol abuse or dependence.

The dimensionality of DSM-IV alcohol use disorders among adolescent and adult drinkers and symptom patterns by age, gender, and race/ethnicity.

Background: There is limited information on the validity of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) alcohol use disorders (AUD) symptom criteria among adolescents in the general population. The purpose of this study is to assess the DSM-IV AUD symptom criteria as reported by adolescent and adult drinkers in a single representative sample of the U.S.

Modeling cognitive influences on drinking and alcohol problems.

Objective: We explored the relationships between two domains of alcohol-related cognitions (expectations and reasons for drinking) and their associations with alcohol consumption and alcohol dependence. It is hypothesized that alcohol-related cognitions will relate directly to drinking behaviors and indirectly to alcohol dependence.

Method: Data came from the 1995 National Alcohol Survey, which included black and Hispanic oversamples.

Temporal changes in the nature of disability: U.S. Army soldiers discharged with disability, 1981-2005.

Background: We sought to (1) document and describe the relative proportion of disabilities by major type over the study period, (2) describe the population at risk for different types of disability, and (3) document and describe the type of compensation (an indicator of severity) awarded for different types of disability and any temporal changes in these associations.

Methods: Time-series, logistic regression analyses, and direct standardization of rates were used to study 108,119 active-duty Army soldiers discharged with permanent disability between 1981 and 2005.

Results: Of all disability, 91% is captured within the top five most prevalent types of disability: musculoskeletal (72%, n=77,418), neurological (6%, n=6,896), mental health (5%, n=5,075), cardiovascular system (4%, n=4,429), and respiratory (4%, n=4,202).

The latent structure of marijuana and cocaine use disorders: results from the National Longitudinal Alcohol Epidemiologic Survey (NLAES).

To better understand the underlying concepts of substance dependence and abuse, the present study examines the factor structure of DSM-IV lifetime criteria for cannabis and cocaine use disorders. Data for this study were drawn from the National Longitudinal Alcohol Epidemiologic Survey (NLAES), a large nationally representative U.S.

Alcohol abuse and dependence in college and noncollege samples: A ten-year prospective follow-up in a national survey.

Objective: This prospective study examines the association of educational status in 1984 and the risk for past-year Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV), alcohol-use disorders (AUDs) in 1994, 10 years later.

Method: A sample of 8,661 respondents was drawn from the National Longitudinal Survey of Labor Market Experience in Youth. Measures included baseline heavy episodic drinking, alcohol-dependence symptoms, early problem behaviors (antisocial behaviors, illicit substance use, family history of alcoholism, and age at onset of alcohol use), demographic characteristics (gender, race/ethnicity, age, marital status), and 1994 assessment for past-year DSM-IV AUDs.

Spouse abuse and alcohol problems among white, African American, and Hispanic U.S. Army soldiers.

Background: Prior studies suggest racial/ethnic differences in the associations between alcohol misuse and spouse abuse. Some studies indicate that drinking patterns are a stronger predictor of spouse abuse for African Americans but not whites or Hispanics, while others report that drinking patterns are a stronger predictor for whites than African Americans or Hispanics. This study extends prior work by exploring associations between heavy drinking, alcohol-related problems, and risk for spouse abuse within racial/ethnic groups as well as variations associated with whether the perpetrator is drinking during the spouse abuse incident.

DSM-IV alcohol dependence and abuse: further evidence of validity in the general population.

Background: In order to understand the validity of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed. (DSM-IV) alcohol abuse and dependence diagnoses, studies are needed in both clinical and general population samples. The purpose of this study was to examine the construct and criterion-oriented validity of DSM-IV alcohol dependence and abuse in the general population with respect to factor structure and their relationship to family history of alcoholism, treatment utilization, and psychiatric comorbidity.

Patterns of DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence criteria among adolescents and adults: results from the 2001 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse.

Background: Studies of the prevalence of DSM-IV alcohol use disorders (AUDs) in general population samples of adolescents and adults are rare. Comparisons of the prevalence of alcohol abuse and dependence in adolescent surveys with the prevalence in adult general population surveys are confounded by differences in survey design and measurement, thereby reducing their validity. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of age, sex, race/ethnicity, and drinking status on the prevalence of DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence (including diagnostic orphans) and associated diagnostic criteria among adolescents and adults aged 12-65 years in a single representative sample of the US population.