Transitions of Care From Hospital to Home: Can Continuous Glucose Monitoring Improve Outcomes for Patients With Diabetes?

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of continuous blood glucose monitoring (CGM) on transitions of care as patients with diabetes are discharged from the hospital on insulin.

Methods: This is a descriptive study with 2 cohorts of patients (transition to home with CGM and transition to home without CGM) who were assessed prior to discharge (baseline) and 30 days post discharge (follow-up). The key outcome measures were satisfaction with diabetes management, diabetes-related quality of life, frequency of blood glucose monitoring, and 30-day readmission rates.

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of Diabetes Quality of Life Brief Clinical Inventory in Turkish patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Purpose: To translate and culturally adapt the Diabetes Quality of Life Brief Clinical Inventory (DQoL-BCI) into Turkish and assess the psychometric properties of the translated version.

Methods: A forward-backward translation process was conducted in conformity with international guidelines. A total of 150 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) completed the Turkish version of DQoL-BCI (DQoL-BCI-Tr).

Acute Pancreatitis Recurrences Augment Long-Term Pancreatic Cancer Risk.

Introduction: In animal models, inflammation caused by experimental acute pancreatitis (AP) promotes pancreatic carcinogenesis that is preventable by suppressing inflammation. Recent studies noted higher long-term risk of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) after AP. In this study, we evaluated whether the long-term PDAC risk after AP was influenced by the etiology of AP, number of recurrences, and if it was because of progression to chronic pancreatitis (CP).

Prior Exposure to Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs Reduces the Rate of Organ Failure and In-Hospital Mortality in Acute Pancreatitis.

Background: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been linked recently to a lower expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in humans with acute pancreatitis. Because it is unclear if this effect results in clinical benefits, the aim of this study was to determine if prior NSAID exposure improves immediate clinical outcomes.

Methods: Retrospective medical record review of adult patients admitted with acute pancreatitis.

Association between maternal outdoor physical exercise and the risk of preterm birth: a case-control study in Wuhan, China.

Background: China had the second largest proportion of preterm birth (PTB) internationally. However, only 11% of pregnant women in China meet international guidelines for maternal physical activity, a significantly lower proportion than that in Western countries. This study aims to examine the association between outdoor physical exercise during pregnancy and PTB among Chinese women in Wuhan, China.

Incidence and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer in Patients with a New Diagnosis of Chronic Pancreatitis.

Background: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a risk factor for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC); nevertheless, the true incidence of PDAC in CP patients in the United States remains unclear.

Aims: We evaluated the risk of developing PDAC two or more years after a new diagnosis of CP.

Methods: Retrospective study of veterans from September 1999 to October 2015.

Prevalence and factors associated with diagnosed depression among hospitalized cancer patients with metastatic disease.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the factors associated with diagnosed depression among patients with a metastatic cancer.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 39,223 hospital records from 2008 to 2013 National Inpatient Sample for patients with metastatic cancer. Diagnosed depression was defined using ICD-9-CM for major depression.

Yearly Treatment Patterns for Patients with Recently Diagnosed Diabetic Macular Edema.

Purpose: To describe the treatment patterns and the predictors of different treatment standards in recently diagnosed diabetic macular edema (DME) patients in a nationally representative sample.

Design: A retrospective cohort study using administrative claims data from January 1, 2007, through March 31, 2015. Patients were grouped into yearly cohorts.

The Association Between Alcohol Consumption, Lifetime Alcohol Use Disorder, and Psychiatric Distress Among Male and Female Veterans.

Objective: This study aimed to examine among veterans (a) whether alcohol consumption patterns are associated with probability of psychiatric symptoms and (b) whether an alcohol use disorder (AUD) history explains psychiatric symptoms among nondrinkers.

Method: Data were collected from 3,003 veterans (20.5% women).

Description of Venous Thromboembolism in Hospitalized Patients With Metastatic Cancer: A National Sample.

This study aimed to determine patient-, tumor-, and hospital-level characteristics associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE), and to assess the impact of VTE on in-hospital mortality and length of hospital stay in hospitalized patients with metastatic cancer. Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database, a cross-sectional analysis was performed of patients aged ≥18 years with at least 1 diagnosis of primary solid tumor and subsequent secondary or metastatic tumor between 2008 and 2013. Among 850,570 patients with metastatic cancer, 6.

Impact of adherence to antidepressants on long-term prescription opioid use cessation.

Background: Depression contributes to persistent opioid analgesic use (OAU). Treating depression may increase opioid cessation. Aims To determine if adherence to antidepressant medications (ADMs) v.

Rural-urban differences in human papillomavirus knowledge and awareness among US adults.

Rural residents of the United States have higher HPV-associated cancer incidence and mortality, and suboptimal HPV vaccine uptake compared to urban residents. This study aimed to assess differences in knowledge and awareness of HPV, the HPV vaccine, and HPV-associated cancers among rural and urban residents. We analyzed data from the Health Information National Trends Survey 2013-2017 on 10,147 respondents ages ≥18 years.

Effect of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder on Cognitive Function and Covert Hepatic Encephalopathy Diagnosis in Cirrhotic Veterans.

Background: In veterans, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is often associated with substance abuse, which in turn can lead to cirrhosis. Cirrhotic patients are prone to cognitive impairment, which is typically due to covert hepatic encephalopathy (CHE), but can also be affected by PTSD. The aim was to define the impact of PTSD on cognitive performance and the diagnosis of CHE in cirrhotic patients.

Altered anterior cingulate cortex to hippocampus effective connectivity in response to drug cues in men with cocaine use disorder.

Drug-related attentional bias may have significant implications for the treatment of cocaine use disorder (CocUD). However, the neurobiology of attentional bias is not completely understood. This study employed dynamic causal modeling (DCM) to conduct an analysis of effective (directional) connectivity involved in drug-related attentional bias in treatment-seeking CocUD subjects.

The association of alcohol consumption patterns with self-rated physical health and psychiatric distress among Afghanistan- and Iraq-era U.S. veterans.

Alcohol misuse is associated with negative mental and physical health outcomes, which presents a public health concern in veterans. However, less is known regarding outcomes among veterans with low to moderate alcohol consumption. This study included veterans with military service in Iraq and/or Afghanistan (N = 1083) who resided in the VA Mid-Atlantic region catchment area (North Carolina, Virginia, and parts of West Virginia).

Gender and the Association between Long-Term Prescription Opioid Use and New-Onset Depression.

Unlabelled: Women have a higher prevalence of chronic noncancer pain conditions and report more severe pain, yet, it is not known if the association between long-term opioid analgesic use (OAU) and risk of a new depression episode (NDE) differs according to gender. We analyzed patient data from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA; 2000-2012; n = 70,997) and a large private-sector health care organization (2003-2012; n = 22,981) to determine whether long-term OAU and risk of NDE differed according to gender. Patients were free of depression and OAU for 2 years before baseline.

Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Therapy Improves Patient and Caregiver-Reported Outcomes in Cirrhosis.

Objectives: Patient-reported outcomes such as health-related quality of life (HRQOL) are impaired in cirrhosis due to under-treated mood and sleep disorders, which can adversely impact their caregivers. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) can improve patient-reported outcomes (PRO) in non-cirrhotic patients but their impact in cirrhosis is unclear. To evaluate the effect of MBSR and supportive group therapy on mood, sleep and HRQOL in cirrhotic patients and their caregivers.

Predictors for early readmission in acute pancreatitis (AP) in the United States (US) - A nationwide population based study.

Background & Aims: Population based data on the burden and patterns of acute pancreatitis (AP) early readmissions (≤30-days) are limited.

Methods: 2013 Nationwide Readmission Database (NRD) was queried. AP etiology was determined using associated diagnoses codes.

Rapid-Response Impulsivity Predicts Depression and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptomatology at 1-Year Follow-Up in Blast-Exposed Service Members.

Objective: To determine if elevated rapid-response impulsivity after blast exposure (as a putative marker of ventral prefrontal cortex [vPFC] damage) is predictive of future elevated affective symptomatology in blast-exposed service members.

Design: Longitudinal design with neurocognitive testing at initial assessment and 1-year follow-up assessment of psychiatric symptomatology by telephone interview.

Setting: Veterans Administration medical centers and postdeployment assessment centers at military bases.

New-onset depression following stable, slow, and rapid rate of prescription opioid dose escalation.

Recent studies suggest that longer durations of opioid use, independent of maximum morphine equivalent dose (MED) achieved, is associated with increased risk of new-onset depression (NOD). Conversely, other studies, not accounting for duration, found that higher MED increased probability of depressive symptoms. To determine whether rate of MED increase is associated with NOD, a retrospective cohort analysis of Veterans Health Administration data (2000-2012) was conducted.

Characteristics of new depression diagnoses in patients with and without prior chronic opioid use.

Unlabelled: Chronic use (>90 Days) of opioid analgesics significantly increases the risk of development of new depression episodes (NDE). It is unclear whether depression that develops in this manner is similar to or different from NDE in persons not exposed to opioid analgesic use (OAU).

Methods: VA patients were classified into two groups, those who did not receive an opioid and developed depression (non-OAU+NDE, n=4314) and those that had >90 days OAU and developed NDE (OAU+NDE, n=444).

Correlates of Hookah Pipe Awareness and Perceived Harmfulness Among U.S. Adults.

Introduction: Hookah smoking has recently become a common form of smoking, and its prevalence has increased worldwide. This study determined the prevalence and correlates of hookah awareness and perceived harmfulness among U.S.

Linguistic and psychometric validation of the Malaysian version of Diabetes Quality of Life-Brief Clinical Inventory (DQoL-BCI).

Background: Quality of life (QoL) assessment provides valuable outcome to support clinical decision-making, particularly for patients with chronic diseases that are incurable. A brief, 15-item diabetes-specific tool [i.e.

Residual Effects: Young Adult Diagnostic Drinking Predicts Late-Life Health Outcomes.

Objective: This study examined the residual effects of young adult diagnostic drinking on health outcomes four decades later in late life. Results were differentiated by drinking status during midlife.

Method: A subsample of Vietnam Era Twin Registry members, all of whom had a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol dependence, was grouped according to life span drinking patterns as assessed by the Lifetime Drinking History interview in 2001.